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Comparison of liquid-liquid extraction-thin layer chromatography with solid-phase extraction-high-performance thin layer chromatography in detection of urinary morphine

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第5期25卷 362-367页

作者： Ali Ahadi Alireza Partoazar mohammad hassan abedi khorasgani Seyed Vahid Shetab Boushehri Department of Physiology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Legal Medicine Organization of Iran Iran Department of Medical Nanotechnology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences

Liquid-liquid extraction-thin layer chromatography （LLE-TLC） has been a common and routine combined method for detection of drugs in biological materials. Solid-phase extraction （SPE） is gradually replacing the tra- ditional LLE method. High performance thin layer chromatography （HPTLC） has several advantages over TLC. The present work studied the higher efficiency of a new SPE-HPTLC method over that of a routine LLE-TLC method, in extraction and detection of urinary morphine. Fifty-eight urine samples, primarily identified as mor- phine-positive samples by a strip test, ＇were re-screened by LLE-TLC and SPE-HPTLC. The results of LLE-TLC and SPE-HPTLC were then compared with each other. The results showed that the SPE-HPTLC detected 74% of total samples as morphine-positive samples whereas the LLE-TLC detected 48% of the same samples. We further discussed the effect of codeine abuse on TLC analysis of urinary morphine. Regarding the importance of morphine detection in urine, the present combined SPE-HPTLC method is suggested as a replacement method for detection of urinary morphine by many reference laboratories.

关键词： morphine detection liquid-liquid extraction thin-layer chromatography solid-phase extraction highperformance thin layer chromatography

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Mindscape and Its Effect on Cities' Sustainability:A Case Study of Bronzeville Neighborhood—Chicago

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2023年第3期11卷 88-116页

作者： Ali MOAZZENI khorasgani Maria H.VILLALOBOS Landscape Architecture + Urbanism Program Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology

Neighborhoods and urban contexts are full of potential hidden inside them in an intangible form and can be used for their development and sustainability. Therefore, studying, discovering, and using them can help revive worn and historical textures. These mental factors include things not in the city’s outward appearance but in its heart and memory. The mindscape of the city includes everything that has meaning for its residents. Collective memories lead to strengthening their sense of belonging. The sense of belonging and collective memory is one factor that promotes social participation in the neighborhood and urban contexts. Social involvement is an efficient factor in facilitating neighborhood management, attracting investment, and helping environmental issues. Finally, it plays an influential role in sustaining life in urban contexts. Despite the plans that have been made to promote the sense of collective memory and increase the sense of belonging to the place, Chicago’s Bronzeville neighborhood has yet to achieve its growth and prosperity as in the past. Therefore, this paper focuses on studying how mindscape can help the sustainability and development of cities. The research method in this paper is based on document study, the review of documents related to prominent research in the fields of objective landscape,place identity, sense of place, and surface, and was carried out by descriptive-analytical research method. The method of collecting information is in two forms: documentary and field. Field information will be collected through two questionnaires(see Appendices A and B) from residents and experts. In this research, after reviewing and studying the documents and analyzing the field data, we present the proposed model of the influential factors of the mental landscape in the sustainability of urban contexts and draw the following conclusions: The concept of the mindscape holds significant importance in the context of creating sustainable cities and com

关键词： Mindscape sustaining regeneration Bronzeville collective memory social participation

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Determination of the Most Toxic Polychlorodibenzofurans in Fresh Milk from Southwest Iran

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 955-963页

作者： Azadeh Nakisa Zahra Nazari khorasgani Mohsen Rezaei Nima Imani Saeid Rezaee Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology Pharmacy School Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sci-ences Ahvaz Iran Department of Toxicology Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Departmentsof Pharmaceutics Pharmacy School Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran

Background: Today’s presence of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in foodstuff, such as milk and milk products, is considered to be the major concern for human health. This study was aimed to determine the concentrations of the most toxic congeners of furans in pasteurized milk samples produced in southwest Iran. Material and method: 15 composite samples of pasteurized milk were collected from 3 major dairy factories in Khuzestan Province (southwest of Iran) in summer, autumn and winter from July 2011 to March 2012. After precipitation of the proteins, fat phase was reduced and extracted with hexane and ether. After dehydration, furans existed in fat percolated with hexane through a column chromatography that contained respectively silica gel/silver nitrate, silica gel, silica gel/sulphuric acid and with percolating output through another column that contained activated charcoal and silica gel and washed the lower column with a mixture of dichloromethane-hexane and toluene, concentrated and dissolved in mobile phase and analyzed using HPLC: 150 mm × 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm cosmosil 5 NPE column equipped with a UV detector at 254 and 235 nm, mobile phase: methanol/water (80:20, v/v) at flow rate of 1 ml/min. Results: All samples were found to be contaminated with furans. The average concentration of 2,3,7,8 TCDF and 2,3,4,7,8 PCDF were 1.91 pg/g and 1.77 pg/g in lipid content ranging from 2% to 3% respectively. The mean total content of furans in milk fat was 0.36 TEQ (Toxic Equivalency) pg/g which was below the recommended EU (European Union) threshold value 3 pg (WHO-PCDFs-TEQ/g fat). Also, result showed that there were statistically significant differences between each factory during 3 seasons.

关键词： Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans 2 3 7 8 TCDF 4 8 PCDF Milk HPLC

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