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Circulation of Brucellaceae,Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp.in borderline of Iran,Azerbaijan,and Armenia

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第5期14卷 223-230页

作者： Rahimeh Abdoli Hasan Bakhshi Sedigheh Kheirandish Faezeh Faghihi Asadollah Hosseini-Chegeni Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology School of DentistryBushehr University of Medical SciencesBushehrIran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabadIran Rahyan Novin Danesh(RND)Private University SariMazandaranIran

Objective:To estimate the infection of ticks to Anaplasma,Ehrlichia,Babesia,Theileria,and Brucellaceae using molecular methods in borderline of Iran,Azerbaijan,and Armenia.Methods:Totally,2022 ticks were collected from different livestock.Then,species were diagnosed under stereomicroscope according to valid morphological keys.Tick DNA was extracted followed by PCR to detect Anaplasma,Ehrlichia,Theileria,Babesia and Brucellaceae infection in ticks.Results:A total of 498 males[24.62%(95%CI 22.76%-26.57%)],741 females[36.64%(95%CI 34.54%-38.79%)],782 nymphs[38.67%(95%CI 36.55%-40.84%)]and 1 larva[0.04%(95%CI 0.00%-0.28%)]were identified.Among identified samples,we found four genera including Hyalomma,Rhipicephalus,Haemaphysalis,and Dermacentor.Molecular assay revealed that the prevalence of ticks to Anaplasma or Ehrlichia,and Brucellaceae was 22.02%(95%CI 16.01%-29.06%)and 15.03%(95%CI 9.43%-22.26%),respectively.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the identified Anaplasma sp.had the most similarity with Anaplasma centrale,Anaplasma platys,Anaplasma camelii,and Anaplasma phagocytophilum,submitted in GenBank.Furthermore,the detected Ehrlichia sp.and Brucellaceae bacterium had the most similarity with Ehrlichia ruminantium and Mycoplana peli,respectively.However,no sign of the presence of Theileria and Babesia spp.was seen in the studied samples.Conclusions:Anaplasmosis,ehrlichiosis and brucellosis should be considered as important health threats in northwestern Iran and consistent monitoring on infection of ticks and livestock should be performed regularly.

关键词： Tick Anaplasma Ehrlichia Brucellaceae PCR

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Molecular characterization,biological forms and sporozoite rate of Anopheles stephensi in southern Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第1期4卷 47-51页

作者： ali Reza Chavshin Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Hasan Vatandoost Ahmad ali Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Raeisi Fatemeh Nikpoor Social Determinants of Health Research Center Urmia University of Medical Sciences Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthUrmia University of Medical Sciences(UMSU) Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS)

Objective:To identify the biological forms,sporozoite rate and molecular characterization of the Anopheles stephensi(An.stephensi)in Hormozgan and Sistan-Baluchistan provinces,the most important malarious areas in Iran.Methods:Wild live An.stephensi samples were collected from different malarious areas in southern Iran.The biological forms were identified based on number of egg-ridges.Molecular characterization of biological forms was verified by analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and II(mtDNA-COI/COII).The Plasmodium infection was examined in the wild female specimens by species-specific nested-PCR method.Results:Results showed that all three biological forms including mysorensis,intermediate and type are present in the study areas.Molecular investigations revealed no genetic variation between mtDNA COI/COII sequences of the biological forms and no Plasmodium parasites was detected in the collected mosquito samples.Conclusions:Presence of three biological forms with identical sequences showed that the known biological forms belong to a single taxon and the various vectorial capacities reported for these forms are more likely corresponded to other epidemiological factors than to the morphotype of the populations.Lack of malaria parasite infection in An,stephensi,the most important vector of malaria,may be partly due to the success and achievement of ongoing active malaria control program in the region.

关键词： Anopheles stephensi Mysorensis Type Intermediate mtDNA markers Molecular systematic Iran

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Phenology and population dynamics of sand flies in a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Azarbaijan Province,North western of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第8期4卷 604-609页

作者： Teimour Hazratian Yavar Rassi Mohammad Ali Oshaghi mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi Esmael Fallah mohammad Reza Shirzadi Sina Rafizadeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HeallhTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Parasitology School of MedicineMedical Science/University of TabrizIran Zoonosis Department Ministry of Health& Medical Education Violence and Injury Prevention Safety Promotion Office Emergency Management CenterMinistry of Health & Medical Education

Objective:To investigate species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies during April to October 2010 in Azarshahr district,a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in north western Iran.Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky traps biweekly and were stored in 96%ethanol.All specimens were mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification using valid keys of sandflies.The density was calculated by the formula: number of specimens/m of sticky traps and number of specimens/ number of traps.Degree-day was calculated as follows:(Maximum temperature + Minimum temperature)/2—Minimum threshold.Diversity indices of the collected sand flies within different villages were estimated by the Shannon- weaver formula(H’=sum form(i=1) to s Pi log_e Pi ).Results:Totally 5 557 specimens comprising 16 Species(14 Phlebotomus,and 2 Sergentomyia) were indentified.The activity of the species extended from April to October.Common sand-flies in resting places were Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus mongolensis.The monthly average density was 37.***.41.1, 40.23,30.38 and 30.67 for Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages, respectively.Accumulated degree-day from early January to late May was approximately 289 degree days.The minimum threshold temperature for calculating of accumulated degree-day was 17.32℃.According on the Shannon-weaver(H’),diversity of sand flies within area study were estimated as 0.917,1.867,1.339,1.673,and 1.562 in Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages,respectively.Conclusions:This study is the first detailed research in terms of species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies in an endemic focus of visceral leishamaniasis in Azarshahr district.The population dynamics of sand flies in Azarshahr district were greatly affected by climatic factors.According to this study the highest activity of the collected sand fly species occurs at the teritary week of August.It could help health author

关键词： Sand fly Visceral leishmaniasis Diversity Degree day Density Iran

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Geographical distribution and ecological features of the great gerbil subspecies in the main zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis foci in Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第10期3卷 800-803页

作者： mohammad Reza Abai Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Leila Tajedin Yavar Rassi Amir Ahmad Akhavan Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences

Objective:To reveal subspecies composition of Rhombomy opimus(R.opimus) in Iran. Methods:In this study,field specimens of the gerbil were collected from all its geographical rang in northeast and central parts of Iran and identified on basis of morphological characteristics.Results:Results revealed presence of two subspecies of R.opimus sodalis and R. opimus sargadensis in the country.The first subspecies with brown to hazel-nut color and a size bigger than a typical R.opimus was found only in Golestan province,an isolated colony which is located in plains of north slopes of Alborz Chain Mountains of the country,connected with the Turkmenistan.The subspecies of R.opimus sargadensis with a yellowish color and similar size as a typical R.opimus was found in all other areas of the great gerbil distribution in Iran.There was a distinct topographic difference but similar ectoparasites between colonies of the two subspecies in the study area.Conclusions:Further ecological and genetic investigations are required for more detailed description of the R.opimus subspecies range and structure.The R.opimusPhlebotomus papatasi-Leishmania major association and the ZCL severity and outcome in hosts are discussed.

关键词： Rhombomys opimus Great gerbil Ecology Reservoir Leishmaniasis Iran

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First molecular detection of Theileria ovis in Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick in Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第1期5卷 29-32页

作者： Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh oshaghi mohammad ali Hosseini Vasoukolaei Nasibeh Yaghoobi Ershadi mohammad Reza Babamahmoudi Farhang Mohtarami Fatemeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Department of Infectious Diseases Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesIran

Objective:To determine tick infestation of domestic ruminants and their infection to ovine theileriosis in northern Iran.Methods:About 425 domestic ruminants in Ghaemshahr city in northern Iran were inspected for tick infestations.Twenty tick specimens(13 females and 7 males) of Rhipicephalus sanguineus(R.sanguineus).the most common lick in the study area, were tested by PCR amplification against 18s rRNA genome of Theileria spp using specie specific primers and then the PCR products were sequenced for species identification In comparison with data base available in GenBank.Results:About 323 ticks were collected from 102 animals(88 sheep,12 goats and 2 cattle).The prevalence of ticks infesting animals was R.sanguineus(82.35%), Rhipieeplialus bursa(R.bursa)(0.3%),Ixodes ricinus(I.ricinus)(15.2%),Boophilus annulatus (B.annulalus)(1.2%).Haemaphxsalis punctata(H.punctata)(0.3%) and Haemaphysalis numidiana(H.numidianu)(0.6%).Eleven(55%) tick specimens were PCR positive against genome of Theileria ovis(T.avis).Sequence analysis of the PCR products confirmed presence of T. oris in one R.sanguinus.Conclusions:This is the first report of tick infection to T.oris in Iran. Due to dominant prevalence of R.sanguineus as well as its infection to T.oris,it is postulated this tick is the main vector of ovine theileriosis in northern Iran.

关键词： Theileria ovis Rhipicephalus sanguineus PCR Iran

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Phlebotomus papatasi and Meriones libycus as the vector and reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qomrood District,Qom Province,central Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第2期4卷 97-100页

作者： Rassi Yavar Saghafipour Abedin Abai mohammad Reza oshaghi mohammad ali Rafizadeh Sina Mohebail Mehdi Yaaghobi-Ershadi mohammad Reza Mohtarami Fatemeh Farzinnia Babak Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Department of Emergency Ministry of Health and Medical EducationIran Department of Parasitology and Mycology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Healh Center of Qom Qom ProvinceIran

Objective:To determine the sand flies species responsible for most transmission of Leishmania major(L major) to human,as well as to determine the main reservoir hosts of the disease. Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky papers and mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification.Rodents were trapped by live Sherman traps.Both sand flies and rodents were subjected to molecular methods for detection of leishmanial parasite.Results:Phlebotomus papatasi(P.papatasi) was the common species in outdoor and indoor resting places.Employing PCR technique only three specimens of 150 P.papatasi(2%) were found naturally infected by parasites with a band of 350 bp which is equal to the L major parasite.Forty six rodents were captured by Sherman traps and identified.Microscopic investigation on blood smear of the animals for amastigote parasites revealed 1(3.22%) infected Meriones libycus(M.libycus). Infection of this animal to L.major was confirmed by PCR against rDNA loci of the parasite. Conclusions:This is the first molecular report of parasite infection of both vector(P.papatasi) and reservoir(M.libycus) to L major in the region.The results indicated that P.papatasi was the primary vector of the disease and circulating the parasite between human and reservoirs and M. libycus was the most important host reservoir for maintenance of the parasite source in the area.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Vector Reservoir Iran

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Crimean—Congo hemorrhagic fever:a molecular survey on hard ticks(Ixodidae) in Yazd province,Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第1期4卷 61-63页

作者： Salim Abadi Yaser Chinikar Sadegh Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh Vatandoost Hassan Moradi Maryam oshaghi mohammad ali Ghiasi Seyed Mojtaba Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesIran Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory(National Reference Laboratory) Pasteur Institute of Iran

Objective:To determine the rate of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV) infection in hard ticks(Ixodidae) in Yazd province of Iran.Methods:A molecular survey on hard ticks (Ixodidae) was conducted in Yazd province during 2008 -2009.A total of 140 hard ticks(three genera and 7 species) were collected from randomly selected villages and were exanimate for presence of CCHFV reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.Results: CCHFV genome was found in 5.71%of hard ticks.All positive ticks were from Hyalomma genus. Positive ticks including:Hyalomma dromedarii,Hyalomma marginatum,Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma detritum,Hyalomma asiaticum.We were not able to find virus in in Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Dermacentor marginatus.Results exhibited that Hyalomma is the main vector in the study area.Conclusions:Due to the presence of virus in 24 provinces’ out of 31,we recommend the use of acaricides and repellent to prevent disease transmission among humans. Greta care should be taken by the people who are working in slaughter houses.

关键词： CCHF Ticks Iran

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Survey of tick species parasiting domestic ruminants in Ghaemshahr county,Mazandaran province,Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第10期3卷 804-806页

作者： Hosseini Vasoukolaei Nasibeh Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh Vatandoost Hassan Yaghoobi Ershadi mohammad Reza Hosseini Vasoukolaei Morteza oshaghi mohammad ali Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Biotechnology Faculty of AgricultureBu-Ali Sina University

Objective:To determine the tick species parasitizing domestic ruminants in Ghaemshahr county in Mazandaran,a Caspian province in the north of Iran.Methods:About 361 sheep, 54 goats and 10 cattle of 18 herds in several villages in Ghaemshahr were inspected for tick infestation.Separated ticks were preserved in 70% alcohol and identified.Results:About 323 ticks(207 female,116 male) were collected,the occurrence of ticks on sheep,goats and cattle were 28.3% .22.2% and 20.0% respectively.The mean number of ticks on each animal was low (3-5 ticks per animal).Rhipicephalus sanguineus,Rhipicephalus bursa.Ixodes ricinus,Boophilus annulalus,Haemaphysalis punctata and Haemaphysalis numidiana were the tick species we found.Rhipicephalus sanguineus were the most abundant species in the study area.The largest number of ticks were generally present from April to July,mostly in animal ears and tails. Ixodes,Boophilus and Haemaphysalis occurred in mountainous areas of Ghaemshahr.whereas Rhipicephalus were present in both mountains and plains of the study area.Conclusions:The result of this study is a survey of tick species from domestic animals in Iran and implication of possible prevention measures for diseases transmitted by ticks.

关键词： Ticks Domestic ruminants Ghaemshahr Iran

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First detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in wild caught Phlebotomus papatasi in endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis,south of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第10期3卷 825-829页

作者： Rassi Yavar Karami Hadi Abai mohammad Reza M Mohebali Bakshi Hasan oshaghi mohammad ali Rafizadch Sina Bagherpoor Hagigi Habib Hosseini Abodolrahim Gholami Manuchehr Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Parasitology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Ministry of Health & Medical Education TehranIran Farashband Health Center Furs ProvinceIran Unit of Communicable Diseases Control Health Center of Fars ProvinceFars ProvinceIran

Objective:To identify the vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the endemic focus of Farashband,Fars Province,South of Iran.Methods:Sticky papers and Sherman trap were used for collection of sand flies and rodents,respectively.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)of kDNA,ITS1-rDNA were used for identification of Leishmania parasite in sand flies as well as rodents.Results:Totally 2010 sand flies were collected and the species of Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli was the common specimen in outdoors and indoors places.PCR technique was employed on 130females of Phlebotomus papatasi.One of them(0.76%)was positive to parasite Leishmania major(L.major)and one specimen(0.76%)was positive to Leishmania infantum.Microscopic investigation on blood smear of the animal reservoirs for amastigote parasites revealed 16(44%)infected Tatera indica.Infection of them to L.major was confirmed by PCR against kDNA loci of the parasite.Conclusions:The results indicated that Phlebotomus papatasi was the dominant species circulating two species of parasites including L.major and Leishmania infantum among human and reservoirs.Furthermore,Tatera indica is the only main host reservoir for maintenance of the parasite source in the area.

关键词： Leishmania infantum Leishmania major Vector Reservoir Iran

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Malaria stratification in a malarious area,a field exercise

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第10期3卷 807-811页

作者： Vatandoost Hassan Akbarzadeh Kamran Hanafi- Bojd Ahniad ali Mashayekhi Minoo Saffari mohammad Malik Elfatih M Kenyi Luka Abakar John Baptist Busaq alikhan Esmailpour mohammad Hassen Abuelgasim oshaghi Mohamad ali Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control School of Public Health & National Institute of Health ResearchTehran University of Medical Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences PHC and Preventive Medicine Ministry of Health Baghlan province Urmieh University of Medical Sciences Northern State Ministry of Health Malaria Control Programme

Objective:To conducted a spatial analysis for stratification of priority malaria control areas in Kahnuj County,as part of field exercise.Methods:Information of Health Centers of Kahnuj County has been used for stratification retrospectively.A knowledge,attitudes and practices(KAP) study was arranged to provide preliminary information about the knowledge,attitude and practice related to malaria in the area.Results:Numbers of malaria cases has been decreased in year 2008.There were five important vectors of malaria in this region including:Anopheles stephensi (An.stephensi),Anopheles dthali(An.dthali).Anopheles superpictus(An.superpictus),Anophels culicifacies(An.culicifacies),and Anopheles Jluviatilis(An.Jluviatilis),but majority of malaria cases in this county was related to Plasmodium vivax(P.vivax).Educational levels of community were 38% ,20% ,10% and 32% for illiterate,primary,secondary and university levels,respectively. KAP study revealed that about 37% of people have got malaria at least once and only 27% of people knew that mosquito is the vector of malaria.Conclusions:Malaria in Kahnuj represents a real threat.Transmission occurs in city center.An.stephensi can be suspected for the first peak of malaria cases in late spring in Kahnuj city.An.jluviatilis has a relatively high density in autumn while two malaria cases due to P.falciparum were reported in 2008.Based on KAP study,the knowledge of respondents seems good but the attitude and practice is low.According to the data such as API,main malaria vector,transmission rate,and foreign migrants,the Kahnuj County has been spatially divided into three strata based on various characteristics.The authorities should implement all the interventions based on stratification.

关键词： Malaria Kahnuj Stratification Iran

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