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A review on 3D terrain visualization of GIS data:techniques and software

Geo-Spatial Information Science 2012年第2期15卷 105-115页

作者： Che Mat RUZINOOR Abdul Rashid mohamed shariff Biswajeet PRADHAN Mahmud RODZI AHMAD Mohd Shafry Mohd RAHIM Geospatial Information Science Research Centre(GISRC) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia College of Arts and Sciences Universiti Utara Malaysia06010 UUM SintokKedahMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Computer Science&Information Systems Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia

3D terrain visualization of geographic information systems(GIS)data has become an important issue in recent *** is due to the emergence of new geo-browsers such as Google Earth,widely popular among *** availability of 3D representation tools has increased the demand for 3D terrain *** aim of this paper is to review the literature related to the 3D terrain visualization of GIS data from the first map produced until the online mapping *** reviews are divided into four different sections:manual visualization of 3D terrain,automated visualization of 3D terrain,online visualization of 3D terrain,and software for visualizing 3D ***,the paper compares between the different types of systems developed by various authors based on the capabilities and the limitations of the *** of the techniques have their own strengths and limitations which solve the problem in 3D terrain ***,the research on improving 3D terrain visualization is still *** is due to the popularity of online environments and mobile devices that render 3D *** review paper will help interested users understand the current state of 3D terrain visualization of GIS data in a better way.

关键词： terrain visualization geographic information systems(GIS) 3D terrain visualization online 3D terrain visualization remote sensing Malaysia

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Imaging of liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第11期15卷 1289-1300页

作者： Ben Ariff Claire R Lloyd Sameer Khan mohamed shariff Andrew V Thillainayagam Devinder S Bansi Shahid A Khan Simon D Taylor-Robinson Adrian KP Lim Department of Imaging Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Charing Cross Hospital Campus Fulham Palace Road London W6 8RF United Kingdom Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Division of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital Campus South Wharf Road London W2 1NY United Kingdom

Improvements in imaging technology allow exploitation of the dual blood supply of the liver to aid in the identif ication and characterisation of both malignant and benign liver lesions. Imaging techniques available include contrast enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This review discusses the application of several imaging techniques in the diagnosis and staging of both hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma and outlines certain characteristics of benign liver lesions. The advantages of each imaging technique are highlighted, while underscoring the potential pitfalls and limitations of each imaging modality.

关键词： Hepatic cell carcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma Contrast enhanced ultrasound Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第10期8卷 471-484页

作者： Jin Un Kim mohamed I F shariff Mary M E Crossey Maria Gomez-Romero Elaine Holmes I Jane Cox Haddy K S Fye Ramou Njie Simon D Taylor-Robinson Division of Digestive Health Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London Division of Computational Medicine Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London the Foundation for Liver Research Institute of Hepatology MRC Gambia

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg's phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Biomarker Metabonomics Warburg hypothesis Serum Plasma Urine

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Preparation of fluconazole buccal tablet and influence of formulation expedients on its properties

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药学学报 2011年第4期46卷 460-465页

作者： mohamed Saifulla P MUZZAMMIL shariff PRAMOD Kumar TM Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyJSS University

The aim of present study was to prepare buccal tablets of fluconazole for oral *** dosage forms were designed to release the drug above the minimum inhibitory concentration for prolonged period of time so as to reduce the frequency of administration and to overcome the side effects of systemic *** buccal tablets were prepared by using Carbopol 71G and Noveon AA-1 by direct compression *** stalline cellulose was used as the filler and its effect was also *** prepared dosage forms were evaluated for physicochemical properties,in vitro release studies and mucoadhesive properties using sheep buccal mucosa as a model *** containing 50% of polymers(Carbopol & Noveon) were found to be the best with moderate swelling along with favorable bioadhesion force,residence time and in vitro drug *** in vitro drug release studies revealed that drug released for 8 h,which in turn may reduce dosing frequency and improved patient compliance in oral candidiasis patients.

关键词： adhesion Carbopol 71G fluconazole mucoadhesive tablet Noveon AA-1 oral candidiasis

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