Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers
Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers作者机构：Division of Digestive Health Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London Division of Computational Medicine Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London the Foundation for Liver Research Institute of Hepatology MRC Gambia
出 版 物：《World Journal of Hepatology》 (世界肝病学杂志（英文版）（电子版）)
年 卷 期：2016年第8卷第10期
页 面：471-484页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
基 金：Medical Research Council MRC (MC_PC_12015)
主 题：Hepatocellular carcinoma Biomarker Metabonomics Warburg hypothesis Serum Plasma Urine
摘 要：Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg s phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest.
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