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Presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in water samples from Southeast Asia: towards an integrated water detection system

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 15-26页

作者： Thulasi Kumar mohamad azlan abd majid Subashini Onichandran Narong Jaturas Hemah Andiappan Cristina C.Salibay Hazel A.L.Tabo Norbel Tabo Julieta Z.Dungca Jitbanjong Tangpong Sucheep Phiriyasamith Boonyaorn Yuttayong Raxsina Polseela Binh Nhu Do Nongyao Sawangjaroen Tian-Chye Tan Yvonne A.L.Lim Veeranoot Nissapatorn Department of Parasitology(Southeast Asia Water Team) Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Biological Science Department College of Science and Computer StudiesDe La Salle University-DasmariñasDasmariñasPhilippines School of Science and Technology Centro Escolar UniversityManilaPhilippines School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health Walailak UniversityNakhon Si ThammaratThailand. Graduate School Kasem Bundit UniversityBangkokThailand. Regional Medical Sciences Center Department of Medical SciencesMinistry of Public HealthNakhon RatchasimaThailand. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand. Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineVietnam Military Medical University160 Phung Hung RoadPhuc La WardHa Dong DistrictHanoiVietnam Department of Microbiology Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand

Background:Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites,especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans,is still an issue in Southeast Asia(SEA).This study is the first attempt to detect the aforementioned protozoan parasites in water samples from countries in SEA,using real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)***:A total of 221 water samples of 10 l each were collected between April and October 2013 from Malaysia(53),Thailand(120),the Philippines(33),and Vietnam(15).A physicochemical analysis was *** water samples were processed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s methods 1622/1623.1,microscopically observed and subsequently screened using qPCR ***:Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10),with a concentration of 0.06±0.19 oocyst/L,and untreated water samples from Thailand(25/93),Malaysia(17/44),and the Philippines(11/23),with concentrations ranging from 0.13±0.18 to 0.57±1.41 oocyst/*** cysts were found in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10),with a concentration of 0.02±0.06 cyst/L,and in untreated water samples from Thailand(20/93),Vietnam(5/10),Malaysia(22/44),and the Philippines(16/23),with concentrations ranging from 0.12±0.3 to 8.90±19.65 cyst/*** pathogens *** and *** were detected using using qPCR assays by targeting the 138-bp fragment and the small subunit gene,*** was detected in untreated water samples from the Philippines(1/23)and Malaysia(2/44),whilst,*** detected was detected in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10)and in untreated water samples from Thailand(21/93),Malaysia(12/44),and the Philippines(17/23).Nitrate concentration was found to have a high positive correlation with(oo)cyst(0.993).Conclusion:The presence of(oo)cysts in the water samples means that there is potential risk for

关键词： Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia lamblia Physicochemical Microscopy Real-time polymerase chain reaction Southeast Asia

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Identification and characterization of long noncoding RNAs and their association with acquisition of blood meal in Culex quinquefasciatus

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Insect Science 2021年第4期28卷 917-928页

作者： Azali azlan Mardani abdul Halim Faisal mohamad Ghows Azzam School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenangMalaysia

The Southern house mosquito,Culex quinquefasciatus(***)is an important vector that transmit multiple diseases including West Nile encephalitis,Japanese encephalitis,*** encephalitis and lymphatic *** noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)involve in many biological processes such as development,infection,and virus–host ***,there is no systematic identification and characterization of lncRNAs in ***,we report the first lncRNA identification in *** using 31 public RNA-seq datasets,a total of 4763 novel lncRNA transcripts were identified,of which 3591,569,and 603 were intergenic,intronic,and antisense *** of genomic features revealed that *** shared similar characteristics with other species such as short in length,low GC content,low sequence conservation,and low coding ***,compared to protein-coding genes,*** lncRNAs had lower expression values,and tended to be expressed in temporally specific *** addition,weighted correlation network and functional annotation analyses showed that lncRNAs may have roles in blood meal acquisition of adult female *** *** study presents the first systematic identification and analysis of *** lncRNAs and their association with blood *** generated from this study will facilitate future investigation on the function of *** lncRNAs.

关键词： Culex quinquefasciatus blood-feeding long noncoding RNA transcriptome

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Phenology and classification of abandoned agricultural land based on ALOS-1 and 2 PALSAR multi-temporal measurements

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 155-174页

作者： Noryusdiana mohamad Yusoff Farrah Melissa Muharam Wataru Takeuchi Soni Darmawan Muhamad Hafiz abd Razak Department of Agriculture Technology Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangMalaysia Malaysian Remote Sensing Agency Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Plantation Studies Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Institute of Industrial Science University of TokyoMeguro-kuJapan Institut Teknologi Nasional(ITENAS) West JavaIndonesia FELCRA Berhad Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Agricultural crop abandonment negatively impacts local economy and environment since land,as a resource for agriculture,is not optimally *** take necessary actions to rehabilitate abandoned agricultural lands,the identification of the spatial distribution of these lands must be *** optical images had previously illustrated potentials in the identification of agricultural land abandonment,tropical areas often suffer cloud coverage problem that limits the availability of the ***,this study was conducted to investigate the potential of ALOS-1 and 2(Advanced Land Observing Satellite-1 and 2)PALSAR(Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar)images for the identification and classification of abandoned agricultural crop areas,namely paddy,rubber and oil palm *** crop phenology for paddy and rubber was identified from ALOS-1 PALSAR;nonetheless,oil palm did not demonstrate any useful phenology for discriminating between the abandoned *** accuracy obtained for these abandoned lands of paddy,rubber and oil palm was 93.33%±0.06%,78%±2.32%and 63.33%±1.88%,*** study confirmed that the understanding of crop phenology in relation to image date selection is essential to obtain high accuracy for classifying abandoned and non-abandoned agricultural *** finding also portrayed that PALSAR offers a huge advantage for application of vegetation in tropical areas.

关键词： Classification land abandonment agriculture ALOS PALSAR synthetic aperture radar

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Machine Learning and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Techniques for Imbalanced Data: Improving Machine Failure Prediction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 4821-4841页

作者： Yap Bee Wah azlan Ismail Nur Niswah Naslina Azid Jafreezal Jaafar Izzatdin abdul Aziz Mohd Hilmi Hasan Jasni mohamad Zain Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence(IBDAAI) Kompleks Al-KhawarizmiUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam40450SelangorMalaysia School of Computing Sciences College of ComputingInformatics and MediaUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)40450Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Mathematical Sciences Studies College of ComputingInformatics and MediaUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Kelantan BranchMachang CampusBukit Ilmu18500MachangKelantan Darul NaimMalaysia Centre for Research in Data Science(CeRDaS) Department of Computer and Information Sciences(DCIS)Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS(UTP)Seri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia UNITAR International University Jalan SS6/3SS6Petaling Jaya47301SelangorMalaysia

Prediction of machine failure is challenging as the dataset is often imbalanced with a low failure *** common approach to han-dle classification involving imbalanced data is to balance the data using a sampling approach such as random undersampling,random oversampling,or Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)*** paper compared the classification performance of three popular classifiers(Logistic Regression,Gaussian Naïve Bayes,and Support Vector Machine)in predicting machine failure in the Oil and Gas *** original machine failure dataset consists of 20,473 hourly data and is imbalanced with 19945(97%)‘non-failure’and 528(3%)‘failure data’.The three independent variables to predict machine failure were pressure indicator,flow indicator,and level *** accuracy of the classifiers is very high and close to 100%,but the sensitivity of all classifiers using the original dataset was close to *** performance of the three classifiers was then evaluated for data with different imbalance rates(10%to 50%)generated from the original data using SMOTE,SMOTE-Support Vector Machine(SMOTE-SVM)and SMOTE-Edited Nearest Neighbour(SMOTE-ENN).The classifiers were evaluated based on improvement in sensitivity and *** showed that the sensitivity of all classifiers increases as the imbalance rate *** with radial basis function(RBF)kernel has the highest sensitivity when data is balanced(50:50)using SMOTE(Sensitivitytest=0.5686,Ftest=0.6927)compared to Naïve Bayes(Sensitivitytest=0.4033,Ftest=0.6218)and Logistic Regression(Sensitivitytest=0.4194,Ftest=0.621).Overall,the Gaussian Naïve Bayes model consistently improves sensitivity and F-measure as the imbalance ratio increases,but the sensitivity is below 50%.The classifiers performed better when data was balanced using SMOTE-SVM compared to SMOTE and SMOTE-ENN.

关键词： Machine failure machine learning imbalanced data SMOTE classification

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A Simple Symbol Estimation for Soft Information Relaying in Cooperative Relay Channels

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2011年第9期4卷 568-577页

作者： azlan abd Aziz Yasunori Iwanami 不详

This paper proposes Symbol-based Soft Forwarding (SSF) protocol for coded transmissions which is based on a simple proposed soft symbol estimation at relay nodes. We present a simple strategy of forwarding soft information based on a simple linear summation of likelihood functions of each symbol. Specifically, with SSF, we demonstrate that exclusion of decoding at the relays costs no significant performance loss. To validate our claims, we examine bit error rate (BER) performance for the proposed scheme against the baseline SF scheme through computer simulations. We find that the proposed scheme can obtain considerable performance gains compared to the conventional relaying protocol.

关键词： Symbol Estimation Soft Information Relaying Cooperative Relay Symbol LLR

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Maximum Likelihood Detection for Detect-and-Forward Relay Channels

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2011年第2期4卷 88-97页

作者： azlan abd Aziz Yasunori Iwanami 不详

This paper introduces a simple combining technique for cooperative relay scheme which is based on a Detect-and-Forward (DEF) relay protocol. Cooperative relay schemes have been introduced in earlier works but most of them ignore the quality of the source-relay (S-R) channel in the detection at the destination, although this channel can contribute heavily to the performance of cooperation schemes. For optimal detection, the destination has to account all possible error events at the relay as well. Here we present a Maximum Likelihood criterion (ML) at the destination which considers closed-form expressions for each symbol error rate (SER) to facilitate the detection. Computer simulations show that significant diversity gain and Packet Error Rate (PER) performance can be achieved by the proposed scheme with good tolerance to propagation errors from noisy relays. In fact, diversity gain is increased with additional relay nodes. We compare this scheme against the baseline Cooperative-Maximum Ratio Combining (C-MRC).

关键词： Cooperative Relay Detect-and-Forward Maximum-Likelihood Criterion Detection

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Effects of cucumber mosaic virus-infected chilli plants on non-vector Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera Aleyrodidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 76-85页

作者： Khalid A.Saad M.N.mohamad Roff Rebecca H.Hallett Idris B.abd-Ghani Faculty of Science and Technology School of Environmental and Natural Resource SciencesNational University MalaysiaBangi SelangorMalaysia Horticulture Research Centre HeadquartersMARDI-UPMSerdang SelangorMalaysia School of Environmental Sciences University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada

Plant virus infections are known to alter host plant attractiveness and suitability for insect *** study was conducted to determine how cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected chilli plants affect the fitness and settling preferences ofnonvector whitefly,Bemisia tabaci adults under dual-choice conditions with volatile organic compounds analyzed using solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results showed that the presence of CIVIV in chilli plants substantially affects the settling preferences of the ***,which preferred to settle on noninfected *** of the egg stage and the longevity and fecundity of adult *** on CMV-infected chilli plants were not markedly different from those on noninfected chilli *** contrast,the developmental time from egg to adult was significantly reduced in CMV-infected chilli plants compared to the noninfected *** results also showed that CMV-infected chilli plants released significantly more linalool and phenylacetaldehyde than noninfected ***,it was suggested that the behavioral response of *** might be modified by CMV-infected plants,which alter the release of specific headspace *** on these results,the modification of plant volatile profiles may help in enhancing the effectiveness of biological control and the protection of crop plants against ***.

关键词： Bromoviridae Capsicum anmium cucumovirus in sect-pathogen interactions whitefly

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Mechanism of antagonistic effects of Andrographis paniculata methanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第7期10卷 747-757页

作者： Roslinah mohamad Hussain Zayan Nabilah Rasyidah abd.Razak Wan Mazlina Md Saad Maimunah Mustakim Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)SelangorMalaysia

Objective: To investigate the effects of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Wall. Ex Nees(A. paniculata) on expressions and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and alkylhydroperoxide reductase C in Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) with respect to its survival in vitro. Methods: Antioxidative property of methanolic leaves extract of A. paniculata(0.06 mg/m L). Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined by its ability to reduce hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) toxicity against S. aureus ATCC 25923(3.8×10~8 cfu/m L). Effects of the extract on expressions of kat A(encoding catalase), sod A and sod M [encoding superoxide dismutases(SODs)], and ahp C [encoding alkylhydroperoxide reductase C(AhpC)] in S. aureuswere determined by RT-q PCR and corresponding enzyme activity assays were performed. Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction(NBT) assay was performed to determine effects of the extract on intracellular and extracellular levels of O_2-in S. aureus. Results: Cells challenged with 7.5 mmol/L H_2O_2 showed 0% survival in 30 min whereas 25% survived after treatment with the extract and H_2O_2. Cells that were treated with the extract alone had 43% survival in the same exposure period. Expressions of sod A and sod M genes in extract-treated cells were lowered 0.8-fold and 0.7-fold, respectively with decrease in total SOD activity of 26.8 U compared to untreated cells, 32.4 U(P<0.05). In contrast, extract-treated S. aureus cells showed 3.3-fold increase in kat A expression with corresponding increase in catalase activity of 1.828 U compared to untreated cells which was 1.248 U,(P<0.05). More profoundly, ahp C expression was increased 61-fold in extract-treated cells,(P<0.05) with corresponding increase in Ahp C activity of 0.018 U compared to untreated cells, 0.012U,(P<0.05). Extract-treated cells had significantly lower intra-and extracellular O_2-levels with absorbance readings(A_(575nm)) of 0.340 and 0.524 compared to untreated cells which were 0.516 and 0.928(P<0.05)

关键词： Antagonistic effects Andrographis paniculata Oxidative stress resistance Staphylococcus aureus Superoxide dismutase Catalase

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Synergistic renoprotective effect of a compiled branched-chain amino acids and Cymbopogon schoenanthus extract against experimentally induced oxido-nitrosative renal insult

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第5期11卷 342-349页

作者： Omar abdel-Hamed Ahmed-Farid Bosy Azmy abd El-Motelp Enaam abdel-Mohsen Essa mohamad Warda Physiology Department National Organization for Drug Control and Research Zoology Department-Faculty of Women for Arts Science and EducationAin Shams University Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University

Objective: To better investigate the protective role of branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs)and Cymbopogon schoenanthus(CS) extract against the potassium dichromate(PDC)-induced oxido-nitrosative nephrotoxic insult in the experimental rat model. Methods: Thirty male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: The 1 st group served as control; the 2^(nd)was injected with a single dose of PDC(15 mg/kg b.w i.p.);the 3^(rd), 4^(th), and 5^(th) groups were respectively treated with BCAAs, CS, and their combination for 15 d prior to induction of renal insult via PDC single dose(15 mg/kg b.w s.c.). The experimental period was terminated in all groups 2 d after induction of renal insult. The harvested kdney samples were divided for biochemical assays and histological examination. Results: The PDC-induced nephrotoxic effect caused a depletion of renal oxidative scavengers glutathione, superoxide dismutase with consequent lipo-oxidative cellular membrane deterioration manifested by a rise in malonaldehyde, oxidized glutathione, myeloperoxidase and the concomitant increase in inflammatory response elements tumor necrosis factor α, nitric oxide, and interleukin 1 β.Moreover, the comet assay and increased 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine proved an accelerated apoptotic DNA fragmentation. These local renal changes were met with global altered blood biochemistry. The BCAAs and CS or their compiled administration showed an ameliorative effect against PDC-induced nephrotoxic in a synergistic pattern. Conclusions: Both BCAAs and CS or their combined administration afford potential competitors against renal insult induced by polyvalent anion pollutants in experimentally studied animals model. As a route for novel drug discovery, further investigation should be attempted to optimize their augmenting reno-protecting potential.

关键词： Branched chain amino acids Cymbopogon schoenanthus Nephrotoxicity Comet assay Rats

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Association between vision and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor,Malaysia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第1期16卷 115-120页

作者： Zainora Mohammed Qiu-Ting Kee Norliza mohamad Fadzil Mohd Harimi abd Rahman Normah Che Din Vanitha Mariappan Suzana Shahar Programme of Optometry and Vision Science Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Study Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Center of Toxicology and Risk Health Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Programme of Dietetic Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia.

AIM:To determine the association between distance and near visual acuity(VA)and cognitive function among older adults in Selangor,***:A total of 230 older adults(age≥60y)participated in this *** distance and near VA were measured using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Chart and Lighthouse Near Visual Acuity Chart,*** cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination(M-MSE)and the Malay language version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(M-MoCA).Digit Symbol(DS)subtest was used to measure information ***:No significant association was observed between vision and M-MSE and M-MoCA ***,poor distance and near VA were found to be significantly associated with low DS scores[distance VA:β=-0.01,R2=0.1,P=0.02;odds ratio(OR)=2.84,95%confidence interval(CI),1.10-7.33,P=0.03;near VA:β=-0.05,R2=0.08,P=0.00;OR=3.32,95%CI,1.28-8.59,P=0.01].CONCLUSION:Poor vision is associated with a decline in information processing in older adults and substantiates the importance of preserving good vision in maintaining cognitive function.

关键词： ageing cognition global cognitive function information processing vision

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