Presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in water samples from Southeast Asia: towards an integrated water detection system

作     者：Thulasi Kumar Mohamad Azlan Abd Majid Subashini Onichandran Narong Jaturas Hemah Andiappan Cristina C.Salibay Hazel A.L.Tabo Norbel Tabo Julieta Z.Dungca Jitbanjong Tangpong Sucheep Phiriyasamith Boonyaorn Yuttayong Raxsina Polseela Binh Nhu Do Nongyao Sawangjaroen Tian-Chye Tan Yvonne A.L.Lim Veeranoot Nissapatorn 

作者机构：Department of Parasitology(Southeast Asia Water Team)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Biological Science DepartmentCollege of Science and Computer StudiesDe La Salle University-DasmariñasDasmariñasPhilippines School of Science and TechnologyCentro Escolar UniversityManilaPhilippines School of Allied Health Sciences and Public HealthWalailak UniversityNakhon Si ThammaratThailand. Graduate SchoolKasem Bundit UniversityBangkokThailand. Regional Medical Sciences CenterDepartment of Medical SciencesMinistry of Public HealthNakhon RatchasimaThailand. Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand. Department of ParasitologyFaculty of MedicineVietnam Military Medical University160 Phung Hung RoadPhuc La WardHa Dong DistrictHanoiVietnam Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand 

出 版 物：《Infectious Diseases of Poverty》 (贫困所致传染病（英文）)

年 卷 期：2016年第5卷第1期

页      面：15-26页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：study was supported by the University of Malaya High Impact Research Grant(UM.C/625/1/HIR/MoHE/MED/23 and UM.0000041/HIR.C3) from the Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia postgraduate research grants(PV 049/2011B and PV 014/2012A) University Malaya Research Grants(UMRG 544/14HTM and UMRG 362/15AFR) 

主　　题：Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia lamblia Physicochemical Microscopy Real-time polymerase chain reaction Southeast Asia 

摘      要：Background:Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites,especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans,is still an issue in Southeast Asia(SEA).This study is the first attempt to detect the aforementioned protozoan parasites in water samples from countries in SEA,using real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)***:A total of 221 water samples of 10 l each were collected between April and October 2013 from Malaysia(53),Thailand(120),the Philippines(33),and Vietnam(15).A physicochemical analysis was *** water samples were processed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s methods 1622/1623.1,microscopically observed and subsequently screened using qPCR ***:Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10),with a concentration of 0.06±0.19 oocyst/L,and untreated water samples from Thailand(25/93),Malaysia(17/44),and the Philippines(11/23),with concentrations ranging from 0.13±0.18 to 0.57±1.41 oocyst/*** cysts were found in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10),with a concentration of 0.02±0.06 cyst/L,and in untreated water samples from Thailand(20/93),Vietnam(5/10),Malaysia(22/44),and the Philippines(16/23),with concentrations ranging from 0.12±0.3 to 8.90±19.65 cyst/*** pathogens *** and *** were detected using using qPCR assays by targeting the 138-bp fragment and the small subunit gene,*** was detected in untreated water samples from the Philippines(1/23)and Malaysia(2/44),whilst,*** detected was detected in treated water samples from the Philippines(1/10)and in untreated water samples from Thailand(21/93),Malaysia(12/44),and the Philippines(17/23).Nitrate concentration was found to have a high positive correlation with(oo)cyst(0.993).Conclusion:The presence of(oo)cysts in the water samples means that there is potential risk for