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利用8质粒系统拯救A/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(h9N2)株禽流感病毒

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微生物学报 2005年第3期45卷 373-376页

作者：石火英卢建红陈素娟孙蕾刘秀梵刘玉良扬州大学兽医学院农业部畜禽传染病学重点开放实验室扬州225009

应用反向遗传技术将含有1998年中国大陆分离株h9N2亚型禽流感病毒(Avianinfluenzavirus,AIV)的8个基因片段的质粒共转染COS_1细胞,产生了与野生病毒生物学特性相同的h9N2亚型AIV。将A Chicken Shanghai F 98(CK Sh F 98)株h9N2亚型AIV的... 详细信息

应用反向遗传技术将含有1998年中国大陆分离株h9N2亚型禽流感病毒(Avianinfluenzavirus,AIV)的8个基因片段的质粒共转染COS_1细胞,产生了与野生病毒生物学特性相同的h9N2亚型AIV。将A Chicken Shanghai F 98(CK Sh F 98)株h9N2亚型AIV的8个基因组cDNA分别克隆到polⅠ_polⅡ转录表达载体phW2 0 0 0中,构建成8个转录表达载体重组质粒。将这8个质粒共转染COS_1细胞,2 4h后收获细胞及上清接种SPF鸡胚,4 8h后收取鸡胚尿囊液继续进行鸡胚传代,产生能致死鸡胚的病毒。经血凝、血凝抑制试验、序列分析和电镜观察,证实产生了CK Sh F 98(h9N2 )株AIV。

关键词：反向遗传技术 h9N2亚型AIV 质粒转染

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玉米的两种新病害——叶斑病和轮斑病

华中农学院学报 1984年第2期 47-51页

作者：王铨茂杨绳桃柯常取华中农学院植保系植病教研组华中农学院植保系植病教研组上海农科院

1980年,湖北省保康县北峰地区首次发现玉米叶斑病和轮斑病。我们将采得的病叶分离培养后,对两种病的病原菌作了鉴定,并用11份玉米材料作叶斑病的抗性测定。国内文献中轮斑病的记述较少,叶斑病尚无报道。本文特将我们的初步试验结果报道... 详细信息

1980年,湖北省保康县北峰地区首次发现玉米叶斑病和轮斑病。我们将采得的病叶分离培养后,对两种病的病原菌作了鉴定,并用11份玉米材料作叶斑病的抗性测定。国内文献中轮斑病的记述较少,叶斑病尚无报道。本文特将我们的初步试验结果报道于后,供参考。

关键词：玉米玉米叶斑自交系品系(育种) 轮斑病蛇眼病叶斑病分生抱子杂交品种杂交种新病害

Genetic diversity in Chinese modern wheat varieties revealed by microsatellite markers

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2006年第3期49卷 218-226页

作者： hAO Chenyang, WANG Lanfen, ZhANG Xueyong, YOU Guangxia, DONG Yushen, JIA Jizeng, LIU Xu, ShANG Xunwu, LIU Sancai & CAO Yongsheng Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Biotechnology, moa, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Biotechnology MOA Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Agronomy College Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 China

Genetic diversity of 1680 modern varieties in Chinese candidate corecollections was analyzed at 78 SSR loci by fluorescence detection system. A total of 1336 alleleswere detected, of which 1253 alleles could be annotated into 71 loci. For these 71 loci, the allelesranged from 4 to 44 with an average of 17.6, and the PIC values changed from 0.19 to 0.89 with anaverage of 0.69. (1) In the three genomes of wheat, the average genetic richness was B>A>D, and thegenetic diversity indexes were B>D>A. (2) Among the seven homoeologous groups, the average geneticrichness was 2=7>3>4>6>5>1, and the genetic diversity indexes were 7>3>2>4>6>5>1. As a whole, group7 possessed the highest genetic diversity, while groups 1 and 5 were the lowest. (3) In the 21wheatchromosomes, 7A, 3B and 2D possessed much higher genetic diversity, while 2A, 1B, 4D, 5D and 1D werethe lowest. (4) The highest average genetic diversity index existed in varieties bred in the 1950s,and then it declined continually. however, thechange tendency of genetic diversity among decadeswas not greatly sharp. This was further illustrated by changes of the average genetic distancebetween varieties. In the 1950s it was the largest (0.731). Since the 1960s, it has decreasedgradually (0.711, 0.706, 0.696, 0.695). The genetic base of modern varieties is becoming narrowerand narrower. This should be given enough attention by breeders and policy makers.

关键词： wheat, microsatellite markers, genetic diversity.

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温度对钼蓝比色法测定植物样品中硅的影响

土壤通报 2004年第2期35卷 169-172页

作者：王继朋王贺张福锁毛达如农业部植物营养学重点实验室教育部植物土壤相互作用重点实验室中国农业大学资源与环境学院植物营养系北京100094

钼蓝比色法是常用的测硅方法,但其测定结果受温度影响很大。本试验以硅的标准植物样—灌木枝叶为试材,样品在瓷坩埚中灰化后,用氢氟酸浸提,采用钼蓝比色法在811nm波长下测定硅的含量。显色温度设为15℃、25℃、30℃、35℃,显色时间分别... 详细信息

钼蓝比色法是常用的测硅方法,但其测定结果受温度影响很大。本试验以硅的标准植物样—灌木枝叶为试材,样品在瓷坩埚中灰化后,用氢氟酸浸提,采用钼蓝比色法在811nm波长下测定硅的含量。显色温度设为15℃、25℃、30℃、35℃,显色时间分别为10min、20min、40min、60min和120min,研究不同温度和显色时间对硅测定结果的影响。结果表明,温度显著影响显色反应的速度,15℃显色20min时,测定值才接近标准值,高于15℃显色时间加快,显色10min测定值即达到标准值。温度同样影响显色稳定时间,在30℃和35℃放置40min时测定值已显著低于标准值,相反在15℃和25℃时,即使保持2小时对硅的测定仍没影响,且测定结果准确性较高。结果表明在本实验条件下,可以在25℃下进行大批量植物样品的测定。

关键词：温度钼蓝比色法测定技术植物样品硅显色时问

RESEARCh ON BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN ChINA

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RESEARCH ON BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN CHINA

International Congress on Biological Invasions

作者： Fang-hao WAN~1,Jian-Ying GUO~1,and Feng ZhANG~2 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China, 2 moa-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China

With booming economy and international trade,China faces growing threats from biological *** are some 520 invasive alien species recorded to cause damages to different ecosystems in China,including 268 alien plants,193 alien animals and 61 alien *** dispersal of some invasive alien species has not only jeopardized local ecosystems,biodiversity and human health,but also high economic *** agriculture and forestry sectors,13 invasive alien insect pests and weeds have caused RMB 57.43 billion annual economic *** invasive alien species came to China during the period from 19 to 20 *** 54%of invasive alien species in China originated from North and South America,20% coming from other Asian countries and 17%coming from *** Component Analysis showed that successful invasions are mainly attributed to human activities,with the following factors of propagule pressure and climatic or habitat conditions. To meet the challenges from biological invasions,China has invested millions of dollars on basic and applied research in recent years to investigate invasion mechanisms,develop prevention and control technologies of invasive alien species, and establish Invasion Biology *** most comprehensive research and discipline framework has been set up by Chinese scientists to guide the national research efforts in synergy,as well as a sound management strategy and core research *** date,basic research on invasive alien species in China has been focusing on their population establishment and expansion,ecological adaptation and evolution,and impacts on structures and functions of *** research has been focusing on technological innovation for prevention and management of invasive alien species,including database,detection and monitoring,early warning system,spread blocking and biological control *** findings and results of basic and applied research are summarized through case ***

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长期不同施肥对红壤碳氮储量的影响

土壤通报 2011年第4期42卷 808-811页

作者：王伯仁李冬初蔡泽江黄晶秦琳农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站湖南祁阳426182

利用20年长期肥料定位实验,研究了不同施肥条件下土壤全氮在0-20 cm、20-40 m、40-60 cm层次中分布特征。结果表明,不同施肥处理土壤全氮含量、C/N比值均以0-20 cm土壤层次中最高,随着土壤层次加深而出现下降。长期不同施肥处理后土壤... 详细信息

利用20年长期肥料定位实验,研究了不同施肥条件下土壤全氮在0-20 cm、20-40 m、40-60 cm层次中分布特征。结果表明,不同施肥处理土壤全氮含量、C/N比值均以0-20 cm土壤层次中最高,随着土壤层次加深而出现下降。长期不同施肥处理后土壤全氮储量高低趋势为：有机肥料区组〉化学肥料平衡施用区组〉化学肥料不平衡施用区组,有机肥料和有机无机肥料配合施用效果最为显著。长期不同施肥,土壤碳氮比（C/N）无显著差异,长期施用有机肥料,土壤有机碳和土壤全氮数量同步上升,土壤C/N比值保持稳定。有机肥料与化学肥料配合施用能够提高土壤碳氮库容,是维持土壤肥力的最优施肥方式。

关键词：红壤旱地长期定位施肥土壤全氮全氮储量 C/N比值

GENETIC ANALYIS OF SALT TOLERANCE IN A RIL POPULATION OF WhEAT （TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.）

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GENETIC ANALYIS OF SALT TOLERANCE IN A RIL POPULATION OF WHE...

SPECIES-SPECIFIC MTCOI MAKER FOR RAPID DIAGNOSE OF INVASIVE SPEICES,FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS (PERGANDE)

全国作物生物技术与诱变技术学术研讨会

作者： MA Liqing~(1,2) ZhOU Erfeng~(1,2) ZhOU Ronghua~2, WANG Guoying~1 and JIA Jizeng~(2*) (1 College of Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2 Key laboratory of crop germplasm and biology, moa, National Key facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Germptasm Resouces, CAAS, Beijing 100081, P. R. China)

＜正＞ A population of 114 RILs, derived from the cross Opata85 x W7984, was used to genetically analyse the response of wheat to salt stress. This analysis resulted in the identification of 69 QTL mapping to all wheat chromosomes except 1B, 1D and 7D. Of these QTL, 22 were effective during the germination stage, and 47 at the seedling stage. Many of the traits related to salt tolerance mapped to common chromosome intervals, such as Xglk683-Xcdo460 on chromosome 3A, Xfob168-Xbcd147 on chromosome 3B, Xcko1081-Xfbb226 on chromosome 4DL and Xpsr106-Xfbb283 on chromosome 6DL. QTL located in the interval Xcko1081-Xfbb226 （chromosome 4DL） were effective during the germination stage, while those in the interval Xpsr106-Xfbb283 （chromosome 6DL） were relevant to the seedling stage. The QTL in the intervals Xglk683-Xcdo460 （chromosome 3AS） and Xfbb168-Xbcd147 （chromosome 3BL） were effective at both the germination and the seedling stage.

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SPECIES-SPECIFIC MTCOI MAKER FOR RAPID DIAGNOSE OF INVASIVE ...

墨西哥湾GC238区冷泉碳酸盐岩的微结构与石化微生物特征

International Congress on Biological Invasions

作者： Gui-Fen ZhANG~(1,2),Xun LIU~1,Xiang-Qin MENG~1,Liang MIN~1,and Fang-hao WAN~(1,2) 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China, 2 Center for Management of Invasive Alien Species,moa,Beijing 100081,China

The western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae),is an invasive species and currently occurs only in a few areas in China.A quick and correct and developmental-stage non-limiting method of the identification of the western flower thrips is essential for preventing the spread of this thrips. Morphological identification of thrips is performed on adults and to a lesser extent on second-stage larvae *** identification,however,can be easily followed by a non-thrips-specialist with a little training.A species-specific marker within the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I(COI) sequence for *** was developed in the present *** specific primers amplified a single band of 340 *** specificity of the primers was assessed using 28 other thrips species commonly occurring in *** *** specimens were detected,and no cross reactions with other thrips species were *** method was tested on single egg,first- and second-stage larvae,pre-pupae,pupae and adults,and proved to be applicable for all these ***,the method was used to clarify the distribution of the western flower thrips in Beijing metro area *** results suggested that the species-specific mtCOI marker without gene sequencing analysis is useful in the early detection and rapid identification of ***,and makes it possible for diagnostic testing and routine screening of samples at ports of entry and preventing new incursions and further damage of this thrips in China.

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沉积学报 2008年第1期26卷 54-60页

作者：管红香陈多福 Cathles L M Robe.s h h 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所边缘海地质重点实验室广州510640 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 Department of Earth ＆ Atmospheric Sciences Comell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Coastal Studies Institute Louisiana State University Batton Rouge LA 70803 USA

采于墨西哥湾GC238海底天然气渗漏区浅表层的冷泉碳酸盐岩呈结核状产出,由方解石微晶和胶结物及少量的黄铁矿构成。胶结物由直径为0.1～0.5m的方解石化的球体、卵形体、棒状体组成,充填于方解石晶体之间。冷泉碳酸盐岩结核下表面发育有... 详细信息

采于墨西哥湾GC238海底天然气渗漏区浅表层的冷泉碳酸盐岩呈结核状产出,由方解石微晶和胶结物及少量的黄铁矿构成。胶结物由直径为0.1～0.5m的方解石化的球体、卵形体、棒状体组成,充填于方解石晶体之间。冷泉碳酸盐岩结核下表面发育有由方解石化的球体、卵形体、棒状体组成的薄层,其中的一些球状集合体(约5m)断面显示发育有核和外壳的层圈结构。黄铁矿呈草莓状,也具有相似的层圈结构。这种层状结构与活体古细菌被硫酸盐还原细菌包裹的层圈结构相似。样品中所保存的球体、卵形体、棒状体及其所组成的层圈结构可能是石化的甲烷氧化古细菌和硫酸盐还原细菌。

关键词：冷泉碳酸盐岩微结构甲烷氧化古细菌硫酸盐还原细菌墨西哥湾