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A prospective cohort of men with localized prostate cancer on active surveillance protocol in Hong Kong,China:what did we learn?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 245-249页

作者： Xiaobo Wu Ivan Ching-Ho Ko Cindy Yeuk-Lam Hong Samuel Chi-Hang yee Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Samson Yun-Sang chan Ho-Man Tam Chi-Kwok chan Chi-Fai Ng Peter Ka-Fung Chiu SH Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

This study aimed to report the outcomes of active surveillance(AS)in the management of low-risk prostate cancer(PCa).It recruited87 men who were prospectively followed up according to the Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance(PRIAS)protocol with local adaptation at SH Ho Urology Centre,Prince of Wales Hospital,Hong Kong,*** investigated the predictorsof disease progression and found that baseline prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)and the presence of the highest ProstateImaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)score 5 lesion on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are significantly correlatedwith disease ***,men with PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)or PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions had significantly worse upgradingfree survival compared to those with PSAD≤0.2 ng ml−2 and PI-RADS 2 or 3 *** study concludes that AS is a safe andeffective management strategy for selected patients to defer radical treatment and that most disease progression can be detectedafter the first repeated *** combination of PSAD>0.2 ng ml^(−2)and PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions may serve as a useful predictorof early disease progression and provide a guide to optimize follow-up protocols for men in different risk groups.

关键词： active surveillance cohort localized prostate cancer

Performance in the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery: Does it reflect global rating scales in the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills in porcine laparoscopic surgery?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 443-449页

作者： Ho yee Tiong Wei Zheng So Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Shuji Isotani Gang Zhu Teng Aik Ong Eddie Shu-Yin chan Peggy Sau-Kwan Chu Kittinut Kijvikai Ming Liu Bannakji Lojanapiwat Michael Wong Anthony Chi-Fai Ng Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine Department of SurgeryNational University of SingaporeSingapore S.H.Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Urology Juntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology Beijing United Family HospitalBeijingChina Department of Surgery University of Malaya Specialist CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia Division of Urology Department of SurgeryTuen Mun HospitalHong Kong Department of Urology Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversitySalayaThailand Department of Urology Beijing HospitalBeijingChina Department of Urology Chiangmai Ram HospitalChiang MaiThailand International Urology Fertility&Gynaecology CentreSingapore

Objective:To correlate the utility of the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery(FLS)manual skills program with the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills(OSATS)global rating scale in evaluating operative ***:The Asian Urological Surgery Training and Educational Group(AUSTEG)Laparoscopic Upper Tract Surgery Course implemented and validated the FLS program for its usage in laparoscopic surgical ***’basic laparoscopic skills were assessed using three different training models(peg transfer,precision cutting,and intra-corporeal suturing).They also performed live porcine laparoscopic surgery at the same *** surgery skills were assessed by blinded faculty using the OSATS rating ***:From March 2016 to March 2019,a total of 81 certified urologists participated in the course,with a median of 5 years of post-residency *** differences in task time did not reach statistical significance,those with more surgical experience were visibly faster at completing the peg transfer and intra-corporeal suturing FLS ***,they took longer to complete the precision cutting task than participants with less *** OSATS scores correlated weakly with all three FLS tasks(peg transfer time:r=0.331,r^(2)=0.110;precision cutting time:r=0.240,r^(2)=0.058;suturing with intracorporeal knot time:r=0.451,r^(2)=0.203).Conclusion:FLS task parameters did not correlate strongly with OSATS globing rating scale *** FLS task models demonstrated strong validity,it is important to assimilate the inconsistencies when benchmarking technical proficiency against real-life operative competence,as evaluated by FLS and OSATS,respectively.

关键词： TheFundamentalsof Laparoscopic Surgery The Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills Laparoscopic training Surgical education Surgical training Urological laparoscopic surgery

Outlook of PINK1/Parkin signaling in molecular etiology of Parkinson's disease,with insights into Pink1 knockout models

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 559-576页

作者： Zhangting Wang See-Wing chan Hui Zhao Kai-Kei miu Wai-yee chan School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Kunming Institute of Zoology-The Chinese University of Hong Kong(KIZ-CUHK)Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases Hong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Parkinson’s disease(PD)relates to defective mitochondrial quality control in the dopaminergic motor *** studies have revealed that PINK1 and Parkin mutations are indicative of a heightened propensity to PD onset,pinpointing mitophagy and inflammation as the culprit pathways involved in neuronal loss in the substantia nigra(SNpc).In a reciprocal manner,LRRK2 functions in the regulation of basal flux and inflammatory responses responsible for PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy *** intervention in these diseasemodifying pathways may facilitate the development of novel PD therapeutics,despite the current lack of an established drug evaluation *** such,we reviewed the feasibility of employing the versatile global Pink1knockout(KO)rat model as a self-sufficient,spontaneous PD model for investigating both disease etiology and drug *** rats retain clinical features encompassing basal mitophagic flux changes with PD *** demonstrate the versatility of this PD rat model based on the incorporation of additional experimental insults to recapitulate the proinflammatory responses observed in PD patients.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Mitophagy Inflammatory response Genetic model Pink1 KO rats

Mutation of autophagy-related gene ATG7 increases the risk of severe disease in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Liver Research 2023年第4期7卷 365-366页

作者： Mary miu yee Waye The Nethersole School of Nursing Croucher Laboratory for Human GenomicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease *** mechanism of NAFLD has been well studied and it has been previously reported that there are some predisposing genetic polymorphisms of NAFLD,e.g.,genes such as fat mass and obesity-associated(FTO)overexpression,leading to triglyceride accumulation,via upregulation of lipogenic genes has been reported.1 An earlier study of a 20-gene set published in 2014 has been correlated with NAFLD severity.2 Adiposity plays an important role in the amplification of the genetic risk of NAFLD-including three variants:PNPLA3,TM6SF2,and GCKR genes.

关键词： NAFLD liver patients

Combustion characteristic and aging behavior of bimetal thermite powders

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第3期17卷 755-762页

作者： Hong-qi Nie Hay yee chan Sreekumar Pisharath Huey Hoon Hng Energetics Research Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

Nanothermites have been employed as fuel additives in energetic formulations due to their higher energy density over CHNO energetics. Nevertheless, sintering and degradation of nanoparticles significantly limit the practical use of nanothermites. In this work, combustion characteristic and aging behavior of aluminum/iron oxide(Al/Fe2O3) nanothermite mixtures were investigated in the presence of micron-scale nickel aimed to produce bimetal thermite powders. The results showed that the alumina content in the combustion residue increased from 88.3% for Al/Fe2O3 nanothermite to 96.5% for the nanothermite mixture containing 20 wt% nickel. Finer particle sizes of combustion residue were obtained for the nanothermite mixtures containing nickel, indicative of the reduced agglomeration. Both results suggested a more complete combustion in the bimetal thermite powders. Aging behavior of the nanothermite mixture was also assessed by measuring the heat of combustion of the mixture before and after aging process. The reduction in heat of combustion of nanothermite mixtures containing nickel was less severe as compared to a significant decrease for the nanothermite mixture without nickel, indicating better aging resistance of the bimetal thermite powders.

关键词： Nanothermite Bimetal Combustion efficiency Aging Thermochemical calculations

Size prediction of κ-carrageenan droplets formed in co-flowing immiscible liquid

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Particuology 2011年第6期9卷 637-643页

作者： Jun-yee Leong Tek-Kaun Lim Ravindra Pogaku Eng-Seng chan Centre of Materials and Minerals School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah School of Engineering Monash University

The formation of K-carrageenan droplets in channel emulsification was experimentally investigated. The dispersed phase was vertically injected into co-flowing immiscible palm oil in the direction of gravity. This study focused on predicting K-carrageenan drop size using force balance analysis. The force balance model considers the interracial tension to be the solitary attaching force, while a combination of the drag force from the co-flowing palm oil and the body force of the extruding K-carrageenan liquid act as the detaching forces. The conventional model gave poor predictions for droplet size, with an average relative deviation of 23%. This large deviation could be attributed to necking phenomena and an underestimation of the drag force generated on the shear-thinning K-carrageenan solution. By incorporating correction factors, the average relative deviation of the force balance model dronned to 4%.

关键词： K-Carrageenan Droplet channel emulsification Co-flowing Dripping Bioencapsulation

Possible Roles of Diet in the Etiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis:A Systematic Review

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第3期2卷 25-35页

作者： Chi Zhang Ka-miu chan Ai-Ping Lu School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical study Center Hong Kong Baptist University Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Background:There is a growing interest in the possible role of diet in the prevention of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,the evidence for diet having a role in the etiology of RA is inconsistent,sometimes ***:To critically appraise the literature to pool the results of studies to clarify the relation between diet risk and ***:We performed a systematic review using guideline-recommended methodology to evaluate the association between pre-illness diet or diet pattern and the risk of subsequent RA ***:A total of 25 studies met the inclusion *** include 13 cohort studies,10 case-control studies and 2 nested case-control studies,with a total of 1279810 *** were new evidences of a protective effect of long term consumption of *** sodium intake was associated with an increased risk of *** intake has consistently been shown to have no effect on the development of *** diet pattern,Vitamin D intake,and the consumption of long-chain omega-3 acids were not associated with an increased/decreased risk of RA in every two *** were non-statistically significant association between RA and sugar-sweetened soda,red meat,vegetable and fruits in each single *** association between coffee,tea and RA was consistent,and here exists an inverse relationship between olive oil and *** to the heterogeneity of study designs and analyses,the results could not be ***:The results of this SR indicate that alcohol consumption and sodium intake may be associated with RA risk,especially evidence from recent *** of some discordant results,the debate continues on whether some other dietary intakes increase or decrease RA risk.

关键词： Diet Rheumatoid Arthritis Systematic review

Effects of nano-sized aluminum on detonation characteristics and metal acceleration for RDX-based aluminized explosive

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 327-337页

作者： Dan-yang Liu Pin Zhao Serene Hay-yee chan Huey Hoon Hng Lang Chen State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore

Nano-sized aluminum(Nano-Al)powders hold promise in enhancing the total energy of explosives and the metal acceleration ability at the same ***,the near-detonation zone effects of reaction between Nano-Al with detonation products remain *** this study,the overall reaction process of 170 nm Al with RDX explosive and its effect on detonation characteristics,detonation reaction zone,and the metal acceleration ability were comprehensively investigated through a variety of experiments such as the detonation velocity test,detonation pressure test,explosive/window interface velocity test and confined plate push test using high-resolution laser *** fluoride(LiF),which has an inert behavior during the explosion,was used as a control to compare the contribution of the reaction of aluminum.A thermochemical approach that took into account the reactivity of aluminum and ensuing detonation products was adopted to calculate the additional energy release by *** the numerical simulations based on the calculated afterburn energy and experimental results,the parameters in the detonation equation of state describing the Nano-Al reaction characteristics were *** study found that when the 170 nm Al content is from 0%to 15%,every 5%increase of aluminum resulted in about a 1.3%decrease in detonation *** pressure gauge measurement showed no significant enhancement in detonation *** detonation reaction time and reaction zone length of RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 64 ns and 0.47 mm,which is respectively 14%and 8%higher than that of RDX/wax/95/5 explosive(57 ns and 0.39 mm).Explosive/window interface velocity curves show that 170 nm Al mainly reacted with the RDX detonation products after the detonation *** the recording time of about 10 ms throughout the plate push test duration,the maximum plate velocity and plate acceleration time accelerated by RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 12%and 2.9 ms higher

关键词： Nano-sized aluminum Detonation reaction zone Explosive metal acceleration Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation Laser interferometry

Carbon footprints in minimally invasive surgery:Good patient outcomes,but costly for the environment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1277-1285页

作者： Kai Siang chan Hong yee Lo Vishal G Shelat Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore

Advancements in technology and surgical training programs have increased the adaptability of minimally invasive surgery(MIS).Gastrointestinal MIS is superior to its open counterparts regarding post-operative morbidity and *** has become the first-line surgical intervention for some types of gastrointestinal surgery,such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy and *** dioxide(CO_(2))is the main gas used for insufflation in ***_(2)contributes 9%-26%of the greenhouse effect,resulting in global *** rise in global CO_(2)concentration since 2000 is about 20 ppm per decade,up to 10 times faster than any sustained rise in CO_(2)during the past 800000 *** 1970,there has been a steady yet worrying increase in average global temperature by 1.7℃ per century.A recent systematic review of the carbon footprint in MIS showed a range of 6-814 kg of CO_(2)emission per surgery,with higher CO_(2)emission following robotic compared to laparoscopic ***,with superior benefits of MIS over open surgery,this poses an ethical dilemma to surgeons.A recent survey in the United Kingdom of 130 surgeons showed that the majority(94%)were concerned with climate change but felt that the lack of leadership was a barrier to improving environmental *** the deleterious environmental effects of MIS,this study aims to summarize the trends of MIS and its carbon footprint,awareness and attitudes towards this issue,and efforts and challenges to ensuring environmental sustainability.

关键词： Carbon footprint Environment Environmental pollution Minimally invasive surgical procedures Sustainability