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Presence of Sargassum horneri at Todos Santos Bay, Baja California, Mexico: Its Effects on the Local Macroalgae Community

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第17期6卷 2693-2707页

作者： Giuliana I. Cruz-Trejo Silvia E. Ibarra-Obando Luis E. Aguilar-Rosas miriam poumian-tapia Elena Solana-Arellano Marine Ecology Department CICESE Ensenada México Ocean Resources Department CINVESTAV-IPN Mérida México Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ensenada México

To describe the annual cycle of Sargassum horneri in Mexican waters, we selected two sites differing in their degree of wave exposure and sediment type: Rincón de Ballenas (RB), and Rancho Packard (RP). From June 2009 to April 2010 we followed the seasonal changes in S. horneri density and biomass along two intertidal transects per site. The effects of this non-indigenous species on the local macroalgae community were assessed by comparing their species composition, density, biomass, species richness, and diversity index in quadrats with and without S. horneri. There were significant differences in S. horneri density and biomass between sites (P < 0.001). At RB the invasive alga density average was 2 ± 0.94 individual m-2, with a mean biomass of 4 ± 0.95 g DW m-2. At RP, S. horneri density average was 10 ± 0.96 individual m-2, and mean biomass of 102 ± 0.97 g DW m-2. At RB, the invasive alga promoted a significant reduction in the four selected structural variables, and the corticated macrophytes and the foliose functional forms were severely reduced. At RP, there were only marginally significant effects (P = 0.06) of S. horneri presence on the local macroalgae community, and higher density, biomass, and diversity values were found when S. horneri was present. Most of the functional forms were found, even if the invasive alga was present. At both locations, the highest biomass corresponded to the articulated calcareous functional form. These contrasting results could be due to the fact that the native macroalgae community has already been altered by the early invasion of S. muticum, with the most resilient species and functional forms remaining in place. One of the most important changes we noticed is the severe reduction of the canopy forming species at both sites.

关键词： Annual Cycle Community Structure Diversity Index Functional Forms Invasive Alga Species Richness

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Identification of life habits factors as risk for gastritis and colitis occurrence in a mestizo population of Chabeklumil, Chiapas, México

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Open Journal of Nursing 2012年第2期2卷 67-71页

作者： Diana Cecilia tapia-Pancardo Ramiro Jesús-Sandoval Myrna miriam Valera-Mota José Luis Cadena-Anguiano Miguel Murguía-Romero Rafael Villalobos-Molina Carrera de Cirujano Dentista FES Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México Carrera de Médico Cirujano FES Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México Carrera de Optometría FES Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México División de Investigación y Posgrado FES Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla México

Aim: Gastric diseases are a recent trend in morbidity in México. We aimed to identify most frequent life habits factors as risk for gastritis and colitis occurrence, in a Mexican mestizo population in Chabeklumil, Chiapas. Population: This study was observational, descriptive, transversal and prospective;346 questionnaires were applied to individuals of both genders from 11 years of age, with low income and socio-economic status, after they signed the informed consent. An individual file was created by the nurses in Chabeklumil. The predominant gender in the population was female (56.1%), with a distribution of 166 among adulthood (19 - 59 years of age);among males (43.9%), 133 included adults. Results: We identified the following environmental risk factors to develop gastritis and colitis: long periods of daily fasting > consumption of irritant food and drink > stress, in females;in contrast, males reported alcohol and tobacco consumption > irritant food and drink > long periods of daily fasting > stress. We found statistical differences (P < 0.05) in risk factors between females and males, in drugs and alcohol consumption, fasting, and stress, but not in consumption of irritant foods, nor in colitis and gastritis prevalence. Conclusions: Females are most affected by life habits risk factors for gastritis/colitis, which occurs mainly due to lifestyle and “macho” culture, since women are precluded of a better living standard, they work hard in the field, and start early in the day without consuming a meal, which they eat late in the day once arriving home. People in Chabeklumil eat/drink a lot of irritant food like hot pepper and coffee, which damage the gastrointestinal system leading to gastritis and colitis. Furthermore, men started to consume drugs at early ages, a condition also involved in developing gastritis.

关键词： Gastritis Colitis Life Habits Risk Factors Poverty Mexican Mestizo Population

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