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The contribution of fungi to the global economy

Fungal Diversity 2023年第4期121卷 95-137页

作者： Allen Grace T.niego Christopher Lambert Peter Mortimer naritsada Thongklang Sylvie Rapior miriam Grosse Hedda Schrey Esteban Charria‑Girón Arttapon Walker Kevin D.Hyde Marc Stadler School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Iloilo Science and Technology University La Paz5000 IloiloPhilippines Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Institute of Microbiology Technische Universitat BraunschweigSpielmannstrase 738106 BrunswickGermany Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Laboratory of Botany Phytochemistry and MycologyFaculty of PharmacyCS 1449115 Avenue Charles Flahault34093 Montpellier Cedex 5France CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDCS 1449115 Avenue Charles Flahault34093 Montpellier Cedex 5France Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China

Fungi provide ecological and environmental services to humans, as well as health and nutritional benefits, and are vital to numerousindustries. Fermented food and beverage products from fungi are circulating in the market, generating billions of ***, the highest potential monetary value of fungi is their role in blue carbon trading because of their ability to sequesterlarge amounts of carbon in the soil. There are no conclusive estimates available on the global monetary value of fungi, primarilybecause there are limited data for extrapolation. This study outlines the contribution of fungi to the global economy and providesa first attempt at quantifying the global monetary value of fungi. Our estimate of USD 54.57 trillion provides a starting point thatcan be analysed and improved, highlighting the significance of fungi and providing an appreciation of their value. This paperidentifies the different economically valuable products and services provided by fungi. By giving a monetary value to all importantfungal products, services, and industrial applications underscores their significance in biodiversity and conservation. Furthermore,if the value of fungi is well established, they will be considered in future policies for effective ecosystem management.

关键词： Fungi-based food Medicinal mushrooms Market value Environmental biotechnology

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Preliminary Evaluation of Biocontrol Agents against Maize Pathogens <i>Exserohilum turcicum</i>and <i>Puccinia sorghi</i>in Field Assays

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 1003-1013页

作者： Melina Sartori Andrea nesci Analía Montemarani Germán Barros Julián García miriam Etcheverry Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina Oro Verde Servicios Fitosanitarios Río Cuarto Argentina

Exserohilum turcicum and Puccinia sorghi cause foliar fungal diseases that affect maize crop in Argentina. These diseases, northern leaf blight and common rust respectively, are presented each year with different levels of severity affecting significantly the yield in susceptible hybrids. Disease control usually consists in the use of resistant cultivars and chemical control. Biological control as a preventive method is a viable alternative to evaluate. The aims of this study were to evaluate the natural incidence of both foliar diseases in maize after application of two antagonists, to determine the survival of the antagonists in the maize phyllosphere and to evaluate the effect of inoculation on grain yield at harvest. Plants treated with both biological control agents showed significant reductions in the incidence of both foliar diseases. In northern leaf blight the reduction was higher than 50% during 40 days in plants treated with Bacillus spp. Moreover, grain yield was significantly higher as compared to control treatments.

关键词： Maize Foliar Diseases Biological Control northern Leaf Blight Common Rust

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Acupuncture in diabetic peripheral neuropathy-neurological outcomes of the randomized acupuncture in diabetic peripheral neuropathy trial

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第12期14卷 1813-1823页

作者： Sebastian Hoerder Isabel Valentina Habermann Katrin Hahn Gesa Meyer-Hamme miriam Ortiz Weronika Grabowska Stephanie Roll Stefan n.Willich Sven Schroeder Benno Brinkhaus Joanna Dietzel Institute of Social Medicine Epidemiology and Health EconomicsCharitéUniversitätsmedizinBerlin 10117Germany Department of neurology CharitéUniversitätsmedizinCharitéplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany HanseMerkur Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine at University Hospital Eppendorff Martinistr 52Hamburg 20246Germany

BACKGROUnD Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPn)is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and can lead to serious *** strategies for pain control are available but there are few approaches that influence neurological deficits such as *** To investigate the effectiveness of acupuncture on improving neurological deficits in patients suffering from type 2 *** The acupuncture in DPn(ACUDPn)study was a two-armed,randomized,controlled,parallel group,open,multicenter clinical *** were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into two groups:The acupuncture group received 12 acupuncture treatments over 8 wk,and the control group was on a waiting list during the first 16 wk,before it received the same treatment as the other *** groups received routine *** parameters were evaluated after 8,16 and 24 wk and included neurological scores,such as an 11-point numeric rating scale(nRS)11 for hypesthesia,neuropathic pain symptom inventory(nPSI),neuropathy deficit score(nDS),neuropathy symptom score(nSS);nerve conduction studies(nCS)were assessed with a handheld point-of-care ***-two participants were *** nRS for numbness showed a difference of 2.3(Pn favor of theacupuncture group,the effect persisted until week 16 with a difference of 2.2(Pn groups and 1.8points at week 24 compared to *** nPSI was improved in the acupuncture group by 12.6 points(PnSS score at week 8 with a difference of 1.3(PnDS and the TnSc score improvedfor the acupuncture group in week 8,with a difference of 2.0 points(Pntrol *** were persistent in week 16 with a difference of 1.8 points(PnCS showed no *** both groups only minor side effects were *** Study results suggest that acupuncture may be beneficial in type 2 diabetic DPn and seems to lead to a reductionin neurological *** serious a

关键词： Diabetic peripheral neuropathy numbness nerve conduction study Acupuncture

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Aptian-Late Cenomanian Fluvio-Lacustrine Lithofacies and Palynomorphs from Mamfe Basin, Southwest Cameroon, West Africa

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第7期6卷 795-811页

作者： Olivier A. njoh miriam B. nforsi Junie n. Datcheu Faculty of Science Department of Geology University of Buea BueaCameroon Faculté des Sciences Department des Sciences de la Terre Université de Douala Douala Cameroon

The sedimentary sequences in the Mamfe Basin are generally thought of as continental (fluvio-lacustrine) in origin. But the wide spread occurrence of salt springs and salt accumulations and in places gypsum, often puts to question the exclusive continentality throughout this basin’s history. The sequences studied portray a wide range of complex lithologies and lithofacies relationships and include basal and intra-formational conglomerates, sandstones, shales, carbonaceous, carbonate and halite facies respectively. All these are well exposed at several outcrop sections distributed all over the basin with some measuring up to and above 30 m in height.?Sedimentary structures include: parallel aligned imbricated prismatic pebbles, plannar to trough-cross stratifications, fining upward grain size distribution and thin frequently alternating sandstone-shale beds. Palynological data have been obtained for the first time from the shally and carbonate intervals and integrated with five lithofacies associations, permitting the determination of the ages and paleo environmental reconstruction. The palynomorphs are characterized by pteridophytic spores dominated by?Cicatricosisporites?sp.,Cyathidites?sp. and?Deltoidspora?sp., pollen grains include gymnosperms dominated by?Classopollis annulatus?and?Classopollis todosus?and angiosperms represented by?Retitricolpites?sp. and?Retimoncolpites?sp., fungal remains include some hyphae and?Fusiformisporites?sp. Only a few dinoflagellate cysts dominantly?Spiniferites?were encountered at nfaitok outcrop, suggesting a proximal sea water influence. A fluvial, lacustrine-deltaic and an anoxic deep bottom lake setting sub-environments were reconstructed with no marine strata encountered. The brines are here suggested to have originated from sea water splay over a barrier and complimented by the chemistry of the drained surrounding country rocks. The palynomorph assemblage suggests an Aptian-Turonian age for the studied sequences and a chronos

关键词： Cretaceous Lacustrine Lithofacies Mamfe Basin Palynomorphs

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A survey on pediatric anti-n-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor encephalitis treatment strategies in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第12期134卷 1498-1499页

作者： Xiao-Shuang Cao miriam Kessi Tao-Yun Ji Yu-Wu Jiang Fei Yin Jing Peng Department of Pediatrics Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410005China Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center ChangshaHunan 410005China Department of Pediatrics Peking University First HospitalBeijing100034China Division of Pediatric neurology Department of PediatricsPeking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

To the Editor:Currently,there is no standardized treatment protocol for the pediatric anti-n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(nMDAR).There are two surveys by Kahn et al[1]and Bartolini et al[2]that aimed at determining the treatment strategies that are used for pediatric nMDAR encephalitis in other parts of the world rather than *** et al[2]performed a worldwide survey involving 199 participants:61 adult neurologists,86 pediatric neurologists,and 52 pediatric *** survey investigated the differences in anti-nMDAR encephalitis treatment strategies,according to medical specialty,years in practice,and geographical location.[2]The survey of Kahn et al[1]involved 151 pediatric neurologists and focused on identifying the indications for the initiation of immunotherapy,type of the used immunotherapy,length of the first-line immunotherapy,time for the initiation of the second-line immunotherapy,and the preferable options for the second-line ***,they investigated the indications and time for adding a disease-modifying therapy,and how long should patients continue with the immunotherapy once returned to their neurologic baseline.[1]Both surveys did not sufficiently focus on identifying the utility of the modified Rankin Scale(mRS),dosages and duration of the treatments(including the duration of oral prednisone),the utility of Cluster of Differentiation 19 positive(CD19+)B cells in adjusting the dosages of rituximab,the necessity of long-term immunosuppressive treatment(for relapse prevention),and the indications for stopping the immunotherapy.

关键词： encephalitis prevention treatment

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Studies on Possible Modes of Action and Tolerance to Environmental Stress Conditions of Different Biocontrol Agents of Foliar Diseases in Maize

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第6期11卷 552-566页

作者： Melina Sartori Martín Bonacci Paula Barra Aluminé Fessia miriam Etcheverry Andrea nesci Germán Barros Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Ambiental (ECOMA) Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (COnICET) Buenos Aires Argentina

The present study evaluates the possible modes of action of antagonistic bacteria and their tolerance to UV radiation, temperature and osmotic stress. The partial 16S-23S rRnA gene sequencing of eight antagonistic bacteria had a high match with three bacterial genera: Curtobacterium, Pantoea and Bacillus. In this study, the three Bacillus isolates showed the most relevant production of enzymes, volatile organic compounds and antibiosis against Exserohilum turcicum. Respect to UV radiation and temperature Pantoea and Bacillus isolates were more tolerant;whereas the eight isolates were tolerant to osmotic stress in varying degree. The three Bacillus isolates have the greatest potential as biocontrol agents for foliar diseases in maize. The antagonistic action could be explained through different modes of action such as enzymes, volatile organic compounds and/or direct antibiosis by other secondary metabolites. Bacillus isolates tolerance to environmental stresses including UV radiation, temperature and osmotic stress is relevant for survival and persistence on the leaf surface. This work provides new information about the mode of action of antagonistic bacteria with proven efficacy against maize leaf pathogens. In addition, it provides information about the tolerance of antagonistic bacteria against different stress conditions. The data of the present study could contribute to the development of a successful foliar biofungicide.

关键词： Biocontrol Maize Antagonistic Bacteria Bacillus Exserohilum turcicum

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Surfactant-free synthesis of metallic bismuth spheres by microwave-assisted solvothermal approach as a function of the power level

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2016年第4期10卷 394-404页

作者： miriam ESTRADA FLORES Patricia SAnTIAGO JACInTO Carmen M. REZA SAn GERMAn Luis REnDOn VAZQUEZ Raul BORJA URBY nicolas CAYETAnO CASTRO Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Circuito Exterior S/N Zona de Institutos Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Instituto de Fisica Circuito de la Investigaci6n Cientffica Edificio Marcos MoshinskyLaboratorio de Materiales Nanoestructurados Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Escuela Superior de Ingenierfa Qufmica e Industrias Extractivas Unidad Profesional Adolfo L6pez Mateos Edif. Z-5 2do. Piso Instituto Politecnico Nacional C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico Centro de nanociencias y Micro y nanotecnologfas. Instituto Politecnico nacional Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/NUnidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos Zacatenco Delegaci6n Gustavo A. Madero C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico

In the present work, the synthesis of micro- and nano-sized spheres of metallic bismuth by microwave-assisted solvothermal method is reported. The synthesis method was carried out at different power levels and at a unique frequency of microwave irradiation. The sphere sizes were controlled by the microwave power level and the concentration of dissolved precursor. Structural and morphological characterization was performed by SEM, HRTEM, EELS and XRD. The results demonstrated that rhombohedral zero valent Bi spheres were synthesized after microwave radiation at 600 and 1200 W. However, if the power level is decreased to 120 W, a monoclinic phase of Bi203 is obtained with a flake-like morphology. In comparison with a conventional hydrothermal process, the microwave-assisted solvothermal approach provides many advantages such as shorter reaction time, optimum manipulation of morphologies and provides a specific chemical phase and avoids the mixture of structural phases and morphologies which is essential for further applications such as drug delivery or functionalization with organic materials, thanks to its biocompatibility.

关键词： microwave oven power level metallic bismuth spherical structures mechanism of formation electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)

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Satisfaction, Professional Mobility and Leadership in Academic-Scientific Organizations

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第3期2卷 135-144页

作者： miriam T. Aparicio national Council of Scientific and Technical Research (COnICET) Mendoza 5502 Argentina

The research work has been done in the field of social and organizational psychology. It is aim to analyze the factors which influence the levels of satisfaction and achievement reached by those working for scientific organizations and their relationship with professional mobility （Andrews, Aichholzer, Cole, Mittermeir, Stole-Heiskanen, UnESCO--United nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 1971） [1]. A stratified sample was taken from universities and different disciplines, based on a population of teachers from the Cuyo region （n = 355 R ＋ D-Research ＆ Development Units）（5% error margin）. At this first stage, the research teachers were from Universidad nacional de Cuyo （n = 53 Research Units）： one chief or director and members. Quantitative techniques were used （two questionnaires）. The results show that researchers＇ satisfaction at different levels is connected with professional mobility and disciplinary fields. Regarding leadership, and considering professional mobility, a general feeling of satisfaction emerges among researchers, regardless of their disciplinary field.

关键词： Professional mobility satisfaction at work scientific organizations leadership.

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Buruli ulcer in nigeria:results of a pilot case study in three rural districts

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 328-336页

作者： Kingsley n.Ukwaja Anthony O.Meka Alphonsus Chukwuka Kingsley B.Asiedu Kristina L.Huber miriam Eddyani Joseph n.Chukwu Moses C.Anyim Charles C.nwafor Daniel C.Oshi nelson O.Madichie ngozi Ekeke Martin njoku Kentigern ntana Department of Medicine Federal Teaching HospitalFMC RdAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria Medical Department German Leprosy and TB Relief AssociationEnuguEnugu StateNigeria St Benedict’s Tuberculosis and Leprosy Rehabilitation Hospital OgojaCross River StateNigeria Global Buruli Ulcer Initiative Department of Control of Neglected Tropical DiseasesWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany Mycobacteriology Unit Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium

Background:Buruli ulcer(BU),also known as Mycobacterium ulcerans disease,is the third most common mycobacterial disease *** BU disease has been diagnosed among nigerians in neighbouring West African countries,data on the burden of the disease in nigeria itself are *** study aimed to assess the magnitude and epidemiology of BU in the South South region of ***:We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the Ogoja territory(comprising 31 communities).We undertook sensitisation programmes centred on BU in 10 of the *** were asked to identify community members with long-standing ulcers,who were then invited for *** also contacted traditional healers to refer their clients who had non-healing *** suspected cases had a full clinical evaluation and laboratory *** cases were given treatment in a referral hospital in the ***:We diagnosed 41 clinical BU cases;36(87.8%)of which were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).These 36 PCR-confirmed cases were diagnosed in a total population of 192,169 ***,the estimated crude prevalence of BU was 18.7 per 100,000 population,varying from 6.0 to 41.4 per 100,000 in the districts *** majority(66.7%)of the cases were *** 92%of the BU lesions were located on the patients’*** differences were observed between the sexes in terms of the location of the *** age of the patients ranged from four to 60 years,with a median age of 17 *** 35(100%)patients who consented to treatment completed chemotherapy as *** the treated cases,29(82.9%)needed and received *** cases healed,but 29(82.9%)had some limitations in *** with limitations in movement occurred in 18/19(94.7%)and 8/10(80.0%)of patients with lesions>15 cm(Category III)and 6–15 cm in diameter(Category II),*** median duration of treatment was 130(87–164)days for children and

关键词： Buruli ulcer Mycobacterium ulcerans Epidemiology Case finding Endemicity Ogoja Cross River State nigeria

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Infrared fluorescence imaging of infarcted hearts with A@S nanodots

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nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 749-757页

作者： Dirk H. Ortgies Angel Luis Garcia-Villalon miriam Granado Sara Amor Emma Martin Rodriguez Harrisson DA Santos Jingke Yao Jorge Rubio-Retama Daniel Jaque nanobiology Group Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria IRYCIS Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100 Madrid 28034 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisica de Materiales - Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autonoma de Madrid C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisiologia - Facultad de Medicina Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid 28029 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisica Aplicada - Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autonoma de Madrid C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain Grupo de nano-Fotonica e Imagens Instituto de Fisica Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceio-AL 57072-900 Brazil Departamento de Quimica Fisica en Ciencias Farmaceuticas Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramon y Cajal s/n Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Ag2S nano dots have already bee n dem onstrated as promisi ng n ear-i nfrared (nIR-II, 1.0-1.45 pm) emitting nan oprobes with low toxicity, high penetration and high resolution for in vivo imaging of, for example, tumors and vasculature. In this work, we have systematically investigated the pote ntial applicati on of function alized Ag2S nano dots for accurate imaging of damaged myocardium tissues after a myocardial in farction in duced by either partial or global ischemia. Ag2S nano dots surface-function alized with the an giote nsin II peptide (ATI I) have show n over 10-fold enhanced binding efficiency to damaged tissues than non-specifically (PEG) functionalized Ag2S nanodots due to their interaction with the upregulated angiotensin II receptor type I (AT1R). It is demonstrated how the nIR-II images generated by ATII-functionalized Ag2S nanodots contain valuable information about the location and extension of damaged tissue in the myocardium allowing for a proper identification of the occluded artery as well as an in direct evaluati on of the damage level. The pote ntial applicati on of Ag2S nano dots in the n ear future for in vivo imaging of myocardial infarction was also corroborated by performing proof of concept whole body imaging experiments.

关键词： infrared imaging myocardial infarct Ag2S nanodots biological windows Langendorff heart

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