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Leaf and Ecosystem Gas Exchange Responses of Buffel Grass-Dominated Grassland to Summer Precipitation

Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 112-123页

作者： mir zaman hussain Gnaana SARASWATHI Chhakchhuak LALRAMMAWIA Dennis OTIENO Kailash PALIWAL John TENHUNEN Department of Plant Ecology University of Bayreuth Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Department of Plant Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University

Sporadic rain events that occur during summer play an important role in the initiation of biological activity of semi-arid *** understand how ecosystem processes of a buffel grass(Cenchrus ciliaris L.)-dominated grassland respond to summer rain events,an LI 6 400 gas exchange system was used to measure the leaf gas exchange and plant canopy chambers were used to measure net ecosystem CO2exchange(NEE) and ecosystem respiration(Reco), which were made sequentially during periods before rain(dry) and after rain(wet). Gross ecosystem photosynthesis(GEP) was estimated from NEE and Reco fluxes, and light use efficiency parameters were estimated using a rectangular hyperbola model. Prior to the monsoon rain, grassland biomass was non-green and dry exhibiting positive NEE(carbon source) and low GEP values during which the soil water became increasingly scarce. An initial rain pulse(60 mm) increased the NEE from pre-monsoon levels to negative NEE(carbon gain) with markedly higher GEP and increased green biomass. The leaf photosynthesis and leaf stomatal conductance were also improved substantially. The maximum net CO2uptake(i.e.,negative NEE) was sustained in the subsequent period due to multiple rain events. As a result, the grassland acted as a net carbon sink for 20 d after first rain. With cessation of rain(drying cycle), net CO2 uptake was reduced to lower values. High sensitivity of this grassland to rain suggests that any decrease in precipitation in summer may likely affect the carbon sequestration of the semiarid ecosystem.

关键词： biomass CO2 exchange photosynthesis respiration soil moisture stomatal conductance

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Combined Application of Biostimulants and EDTA Improved Wheat Productivity under Cadmium Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1647-1665页

作者： Abida Aziz Shafiqa Bano Mubshar hussain Muhammad Farooq Azhar Ghulam Yasin Naila Hadayat Iqra Arooj Abeer Hashem Ajay Kumar Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qamar uz zaman Department of Botany The Women UniversityMultan54500Pakistan Institute of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Botany Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54770Pakistan Department of Microbiology&Molecular Genetics The Women UniversityMultan54500Pakistan Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh201313Saudi Arabia Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityNoida201313India Plant Production Department College of Food and Agricultural SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia School of Agriculture Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunan650504China Department of Environmental Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)exhibits a greater capacity for cadmium(Cd)absorption compared to other cereal crops,leading to elevated daily Cd intake,and posing a signiﬁcant threat to public *** the mitigation of Cd stress in sustainable and environmentally friendly way,a pot study was designed by using exogenous application of various biostimulants,i.e.,Nigella sativa and Ocimum sanctum extracts:0%,10%,and 20%in combination with the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)using 0 and 5 mg kg^(-1) under various levels of Cd stress(i.e.,0,5,10,and 15 mg kg^(-1) soil).Results revealed that Cd stress signiﬁcantly reduced the seed emergence,growth,root,and allometric characters and yield-related parameters of wheat *** most observable reduc-tion was documented in wheat plants exposed to a higher Cd concentration(15 mg kg^(-1)),followed by the lower Cd level(control).The combined application of bio-stimulants and EDTA minimized the negative impacts of Cd *** highest increase in seedling emergence(5.44%),leaf area(50.60%),number of tillers(31.02%),grain yield per plant(24.28%),biological yield(13.97%),and decrease in Cd levels in grains(40%)was noticed where 20%foliar application of *** and 10%of *** biostimulants were done using 5 mg kg^(-1) of soil-applied *** intervention demonstrated a notable reduction in Cd-induced negative effects,highlighting the potential of these substances in promoting sustainable wheat cultivation in contaminated ***,it is an eco-friendly and approachable method at theﬁeld level able to ensure food safety.

关键词： Abiotic stress allometric characters antioxidant activity crop yield seed emergence grain yield

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Effect of the jet production on pseudorapidity, transverse momentum and transverse mass distributions of charged particles produced in pp-collisions at Tevatron energy

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Chinese Physics C 2015年第7期39卷 6-11页

作者： Ali zaman Mais Suleymanov Muhammad Ajaz Kamal hussain Khan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan

We investigate the effects of jet production on the following parameters： pseudorapidity, transverse momentum and transverse mass distributions of secondary charged particles produced in pp-collisions at 1.8 Te V,using the HIJING code. These distributions are analyzed for the whole range and for six selected regions of the polar angle as a function of the different number of jets. The obtained simulation results for these parameters are interpreted and discussed in connection to the increase observed in the multiplicity of secondary charged particles as a result of its multi-jet dependence, and are also discussed in comparison with the experimental results from the CDF Collaboration.

关键词： jet production charged particles in pp-interactions HIJING pseudorapidity transverse momentum transverse mass

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LSTDA: Link Stability and Transmission Delay Aware Routing Mechanism for Flying Ad-Hoc Network (FANET)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 963-981页

作者： Farman Ali Khalid zaman Babar Shah Tariq hussain Habib Ullah Altaf hussain Daehan Kwak Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063South Korea Information Engineering School Chang’an UniversityXi’an710061China College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityDubai19282United Arab Emirates School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou310018China Institute of Computer Science and IT The University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawer25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Technology Kean UniversityUnionNew Jersey07083USA

The paper presents a new protocol called Link Stability and Transmission Delay Aware(LSTDA)for Flying Adhoc Network(FANET)with a focus on network corridors(NC).FANET consists of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)that face challenges in avoiding transmission loss and delay while ensuring stable *** proposed protocol introduces a novel link stability with network corridors priority node selection to check and ensure fair communication in the entire *** protocol uses a Red-Black(R-B)tree to achieve maximum channel utilization and an advanced relay *** paper evaluates LSTDA in terms of End-to-End Delay(E2ED),Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),Network Lifetime(NLT),and Transmission Loss(TL),and compares it with existing methods such as Link Stability Estimation-based Routing(LEPR),Distributed Priority Tree-based Routing(DPTR),and Delay and Link Stability Aware(DLSA)using MATLAB *** results show that LSTDA outperforms the other protocols,with lower average delay,higher average PDR,longer average NLT,and comparable average TL.

关键词： LSTDA routing protocol Flying Ad-hoc Network link stability unmanned aerial vehicles maxim priority channel

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CEER:Cooperative Energy-Efficient Routing Mechanism for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Using Clusters

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2587-2602页

作者： Sayyed Mudassar Shah Tariq hussain Babar Shah Farman Ali Khalid zaman Kyung-Sup Kwak Institute of Computer Science&Information Technology the University of Agriculture Peshawar25000Pakistan High Performance Computing and Networking Institute National Research Council(ICAR-CNR)Naples80131Italy College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityDubai19282UAE Department of Software Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon22212Korea

Underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWASNs)aim to find varied offshore ocean monitoring and exploration *** most of these applications,the network is composed of several sensor nodes deployed at different depths in the *** nodes located at depth on the seafloor cannot invariably communicate with nodes close to the surface level;these nodes need multihop communication facilitated by a suitable routing *** this research work,a Cluster-based Cooperative Energy Efficient Routing(CEER)mechanism for UWSNs is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of the Co-UWSN and LEACH *** optimal role of clustering and cooperation provides load balancing and improves the network *** simulation results using MATLAB show better performance of CEER routing protocol in terms of various parameters as compared to Co-UWSN routing protocol,i.e.,the average end-to-end delay of CEER was 17.39,Co-UWSN was 55.819 and LEACH was *** addition,the average total energy consumption of CEER was 9.273,Co-UWSN was 12.198,and LEACH was *** packet delivery ratio of CEER was 53.955,CO-UWSN was 42.047,and LEACH was *** stability period CEER was 130.9,CO-UWSN was 129.3,and LEACH was *** obtained results maximized the lifetime and improved the overall performance of the CEER routing protocol.

关键词： Cluster head co-UWSN UWSN relay LEACH CEER

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Recommender System for Configuration Management Process of Entrepreneurial Software Designing Firms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2373-2391页

作者： Muhammad Wajeeh Uz zaman Yaser Hafeez Shariq hussain Haris Anwaar Shunkun Yang Sadia Ali Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi Oh-Young Song University Institute of Information Technology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Foundation University IslamabadIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Department of Software Sejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea

The rapid growth in software demand incentivizes software development organizations to develop exclusive software for their customers *** problem is addressed by the software development industry by software product line(SPL)practices that employ feature ***,optimal feature selection based on user requirements is a challenging ***,there is a requirement to resolve the challenges of software development,to increase satisfaction and maintain high product quality,for massive customer needs within limited *** this work,we propose a recommender system for the development team and clients to increase productivity and quality by utilizing historical information and prior experiences of similar developers and *** proposed system recommends features with their estimated cost concerning new software requirements,from all over the globe according to similar developers’and clients’needs and *** system guides and facilitates the development team by suggesting a list of features,code snippets,libraries,cheat sheets of programming languages,and coding references from a cloud-based knowledge management ***,a list of features is suggested to the client according to their needs and *** experimental results revealed that the proposed recommender system is feasible and effective,providing better recommendations to developers and *** provides proper and reasonably well-estimated costs to perform development tasks effectively as well as increase the client’s satisfaction *** results indicate that there is an increase in productivity,performance,and quality of products and a reduction in effort,complexity,and system ***,our proposed system facilitates developers and clients during development by providing better recommendations in terms of solutions and anticipated ***,the increase in productivity and satisfaction level maximizes the benefits and usability of SPL in the

关键词： Feature selection recommender system software reuse configuration management

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Suitable energy platform significantly improves charge separation of g-C3N4 for CO2 reduction and pollutant oxidation under visible-light

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2019年第2期29卷 138-144页

作者： Amir Zada Nauman Ali Fazle Subhan Natasha Anwar Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah Muhammad Ateeq Zahid hussain Khair zaman Momin Khan Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Heilongjiang University) Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Science International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar

The photocatalytic activities of g-C3N4can be significantly improved by increasing life time of the photogenerated charges. Here, in this work we introduced TiO2as proper energy platform to accept the photogenerated electrons from g-C3N4during photocatalysis. The nanophotocatalysts formed from the combination of a suitable amount of TiO2nanoparticles and g-C3N4nanosheets showed 8.75 and 4.22% enhancement in photocatalytic activities for CO2reduction and 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) degradation under visible light illumination as compared to bare g-C3N4. Based on the surface photovoltage spectra, photoluminescence spectra and examination of formed hydroxyl radicals, it was confirmed that these enhanced photoactivities were attributed to the much-improved charge separation via the electron transfer from g-C3N4to TiO2. From trapping experiments,it was found that hydroxyl radicals were the major species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of *** study is helpful to synthesize efficient photocatalysts to cope with energy and environmental issues.

关键词： Nanophotocatalyst Charge separation CO2 reduction Pollutant degradation

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Multiscale engineering of microbial cell factories: A step forward towards sustainable natural products industry

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第1期7卷 586-601页

作者： Muhammad Hammad hussain Muhammad Zubair Mohsin Waqas Qamar zaman Junxiong Yu Xueli Zhao Yanlong Wei Yingping Zhuang Ali Mohsin Meijin Guo State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237PR China Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNational University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12Islamabad44000Pakistan

Microbial cell factories(bacteria and fungi)are the leading producers of beneficial natural products such as lycopene,carotene,herbal medicine,and biodiesel *** microorganisms are considered efficient due to their effective bioprocessing strategy(monoculture-and consortial-based approach)under distinct processing ***,the advancement in genetic and process optimization techniques leads to enhanced biosynthesis of natural products that are known functional ingredients with numerous applications in the food,cosmetic and medical *** consortia and monoculture thrive in nature in a small proportion,such as wastewater,food products,and *** similitude to natural consortia,it is possible to engineer artificial microbial consortia and program their behaviours via synthetic biology ***,this review summarizes the optimization of genetic and physicochemical parameters of the microbial system for improved production of natural ***,this review presents a brief history of natural consortium and describes the functional properties of *** review focuses on synthetic biology tools that enable new approaches to design synthetic consortia;and highlights the syntropic interactions that determine the performance and stability of synthetic *** particular,the effect of processing conditions and advanced genetic techniques to improve the productibility of both monoculture and consortial based systems have been greatly *** this context,possible strategies are also discussed to give an insight into microbial engineering for improved pro-duction of natural products in the *** summary,it is concluded that the coupling of genomic modifications with optimum physicochemical factors would be promising for producing a robust microbial cell factory that shall contribute to the increased production of natural products.

关键词： Genetic and process optimization techniques Monoculture Natural products Synthetic consortia Synthetic biology tools

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Rationally optimized generation of integrated Escherichia coli with stable and high yield lycopene biosynthesis from heterologous mevalonate(MVA)and lycopene expression pathways

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2021年第2期6卷 85-94页

作者： Muhammad Hammad hussain Qi Hong Waqas Qamar zaman Ali Mohsin Yanlong Wei Ning Zhang Hongqing Fang Zejian Wang Haifeng Hang Yingping Zhuang Meijin Guo State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237PR China Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering School of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12Islamabad44000Pakistan Beijing Institute of Biotechnology 20 Dongda StreetBeijing100071PR China

The stability and high productivity of heterogeneous terpenoid production in Escherichia coli expression system is one of the most key issues for its large scale *** the current study on taking lycopene biosynthesis as an example,an integrated Escherichia coli system has been generated successfully,which resulted into stable and high lycopene *** this process,two modules of mevalonate(MVA)pathway and one module of lycopene expression pathway were completely integrated in the ***,the copy number and integrated position of three modules of heterologous pathways were rationally ***,a strain DH416 equipped with heterogeneous expression pathways through chromosomal integration was efficiently derived from parental strain *** evolving DH416 strain efficiently produced the lycopene level of 1.22 g/L(49.9 mg/g DCW)in a 5 L fermenter with mean productivity of 61.0 mg/L/***,the integrated strain showed more genetic stability than the plasmid systems after successive 21st passage.

关键词： Escherichia coli Lycopene biosynthesis Rational model of expression pathways Integrated MVA pathway Fermentation

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The Oscillatory Motion of Oldroyd-B Fluid by Incorporating Some of the Mechanical Factors

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2017年第12期5卷 2402-2410页

作者： Amir Khan Gul zaman Yongjin Li Saeed Ahmad Altaf hussain Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (Lower) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Department of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China

The aim of this paper is to present a numerical study of oscillatory motion of Oldroyd-B fluid in a uniform magnetic field through a small circular pipe. First, we derive the orientation stress tensor by considering the Brownian force. Then, the orientation stress tensor is incorporated by taking Hookean dumbbells on Brownian configuration fields in the Oldroyd-B model. The Oldroyd-B model is then reformulated coupled with the momentum equation and the total stress tensor. Finally, we analyze the orientation stress tensor in the pipe by the numerical simulations of the model and showed that the effect of orientation stress tensor is considerable although the Brownian force is sufficiently small.

关键词： Oldroyd-B Fluid Brownian Force Finite Difference Oscillatory Flows

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