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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROP-LIVESTOCK FARMS IN AFRICA

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 175-181页

作者： Mariana C.RUFINO Charles K.K.GACHENE rodrigue V.C.DIOGO James HAWKINS Alice A.ONYANGO Ousmane M.SANOGO Ibrahim WANYAMA Gabriel YESUF David E.PELSTER Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology University of NairobiNairobiP.O.Box 29053-00625Kenya Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of ParakouParakouP.O.Box 123Benin International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) NairobiP.O.Box 30709-00100Kenya Institut d'Economie Rurale SikassoBP 16Mali Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2560 Blvd HochelagaQuebec CityG1V 2J3Canada

Crop-livestock farms across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconomic factors,the latter shaping the demand and supply of livestock ***-livestock farms in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from most mixed farms elsewhere in the *** crop-livestock farms are smaller in size,have fewer livestock,lower productivity and less dependency on imported feed than farms in most countries of Europe,the Americas and the intensive agricultural systems of *** paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farms have in the broader socio-agricultural economy,and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food *** intensification implies increasing land productivity(more food per hectare),often leading to more livestock heads per farm,producing fertilized feeds in croplands and importing feed supplements from the *** discussion includes(1)the links between crop yields,soil fertility and crop-livestock integration,(2)the increasing demand for livestock products and the land resources required to meet to this demand,and(3)the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the development of crop-livestock *** is ample room for development of crop-livestock farms in Africa,and keeping integration as part of the development will help prevent many of the mistakes and environmental problems related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the *** development can integrate biodiversity,climate change adaptation and mitigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food *** inclusion of broader goals could help farmers access the level of finance required to implement changes.

关键词： finance integrate goals

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Cardio-Renal Syndrome: Frequency and Associated Factors in the Abidjan Heart Institute’s Medical Department

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第3期13卷 292-305页

作者： Diane Meto Arnaud Ekou Serge D. Konan rodrigue Hazoume Kolo Claude Ouattara Roland Nguetta Hubert Yao Nephrology Department of the Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Ivory Coast Heart Institute of Abidjan Abidjan Ivory Coast

Introduction: Cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) is a pathophysiological disorder of the heart and kidneys in which acute or chronic dysfunction of one organ can lead to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. In Africa, particularly in C?te d’Ivoire, the incidence of cardio-renal syndrome is not precisely known. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of CRS and to contribute to a better understanding of the condition in the medical department of the Abidjan Heart Institute. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective analytical study including all patients with heart failure hospitalised in the medicine department of the Abidjan Heart Institute from March to October 2020. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 22. Results: We included 111 patients in the study. The incidence of CRS was 64%, with a predominance of males (sex ratio 1.8). The mean age was 53 ± 15 years. Patients’ medical history was dominated by hypertension (56.8%), diabetes (15%), dyslipidaemia (18%), obesity (17.1%) and smoking (14.4%). The main causes of heart failure were dilated cardiomyopathy (22.8%) and ischaemic heart disease (21.4%). Symptomatology was mainly congestive heart failure (42.8%). Mean evaluated clearance (MDRD) was 39.9 ± 17.1 ml/min/m2. Doppler echocardiography showed a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction in 74.3% of patients. Factors statistically associated with the occurrence of cardio-renal syndrome were: age > 60 years (p = 0.04), diabetes (p = 0.03), arterial hypertension (p = 0.001) and Hb Conclusion: The cardio-renal syndrome is a reality and marks an important point in the evolution of cardiac and renal diseases. It is highly frequent in the medical department of the Abidjan Heart Institute, as well as a high rate of CKD.

关键词： Cardio-Renal Syndrome Heart Failure Renal Failure

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Human Health Risks from Exposure to Heavy Metals of Suspended Particulate Matter around the Tongon Gold Mine, Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第2期12卷 171-187页

作者： Kagbagnan Kone Adjoumani rodrigue Kouakou Julien Bahino Horo Kone Kouakou Eric Adou Ehouman Ahissan Donatien Kopoin Adouby Département de Géographie UFR Sciences Sociales Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de L’environnement et des Energies Nouvelles Institut National Polytechniques Félix Houphou&eumlt Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et Physico-chimie du Milieu UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire LASMES UFR SSMT Université Félix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physique chimie UFR médecine/Département des Sciences et Techniques Université Alassane Ouattara Bouaké C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The Tongon mine, the largest gold mine in C?te d’Ivoire, has been in operation since April 2010. However, to our knowledge to date, no study has been conducted on metallic contamination in suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) where there is a lack of information on the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human health associated with the exposure of populations in the Tongon area to these pollutants. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the level of contamination of PM10;PM2.5 by heavy metals and their impact on the health of populations exposed to these pollutants in the Tongon gold mine area. The sampling and measurement of suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) were done using a MiniVol TAS passive air sampler. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (Nex ION 2000 ICP-MS, USA). The results indicate that the average concentrations of suspended particles (PM2.5 and PM10) obtained are all above the recommended exposure limits. In addition, among the heavy metals contained in the suspended particles, the concentrations of arsenic and nickel are high and all above the standard limit values. The assessment of the health risks related to the inhalation of PM10 particles reveals that their inhalation over a long period could cause a carcinogenic risk.

关键词： Particulate Matters (PM10 and PM2.5) West Africa Tongon Heavy Metals Inhalation Carcinogenic Risk Metallic Contamination

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Full Image Inference Conditionally upon Available Pieces Transmitted into Limited Resources Context

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2021年第3期12卷 57-69页

作者： rodrigue Saoungoumi-Sourpele Jean Michel Nlong David Jaurès Fotsa-Mbogne Jean-Robert Kala Kamdjoug Laurent Bitjoka Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon GRIAGES Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Energy Image Signal and Automation Laboratory (LESIA) ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon

In a context marked by the proliferation of smartphones and multimedia applications, the processing and transmission of images have become a real problem. Image compression is the first approach to address this problem, it nevertheless suffers from its inability to adapt to the dynamics of limited environments, consisting mainly of mobile equipment and wireless networks. In this work, we propose a stochastic model to gradually estimate an image upon information on its pixels that are transmitted progressively. We consider this transmission as a dynamical process, where the sender pushes the data in decreasing significance order. In order to adapt to network conditions and performances, instead of truncating the pixels, we suggest a new method called Fast Reconstruction Method by Kalman Filtering (FRM-KF) consisting of<

关键词： Progressive Image Transmission Bitplane Coding Kalman Filtering Fast Reconstruction

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Acute Intussusception of the Adult in Burkina Faso, a Tropical Area: Our Experience about 30 Cases

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Surgical Science 2018年第6期9卷 189-196页

作者： Zida Maurice Ouangré Edgar Ouedraogo Souleymane Doamba rodrigue Kafando Roch Justin Zan Abdoulaye Traoré Si Simon Department of Visceral Surgery Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of General Surgery Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Objective: To describe the etiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adults’ intussusception at Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou (CHU-YO), Burkina Faso. Patients and method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2011 and April 2016 at CHU-YO. All patients with 16 years of age and older operated on for intussusception were included. Results: Thirty patients were identified, 15 men and as many women. Their average age was 37.3 years. A higher frequency was noted between 30 and 39 years. The installation of the symptomatology was insidious in 22 cases and brutal in 8 cases. The reasons for consultation were abdominal pain (30 cases), vomiting (19 cases), intestinal transit stop (18 cases) and rectorrhagia (9 cases). Physical examination noted an abdominal mass in 11 cases and a localized abdominal tenderness in 7 cases. An intussusception coil was identified on ultrasound in 9 cases. All patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia and the approach was laparotomy. Intraoperatively, the intussusception was ileocolic in 15 cases;a right hemi-colectomy was performed. It was colo-colic intussusception in 10 cases and the treatment thus consisted of a left hemi-colectomy. In other 5 cases, intussusception was ileal, requiring ileal resection. The average hospital stay was 11.7 days. Pathologically, the examination was normal in 2 cases. A colic tumor was found in 14 cases and an ileum tumor in 6 cases. In the other 8 cases, it was an inflammatory aspect of the intestine. Conclusion: In tropical Burkina Faso, adult intussusception often occurs on an intestinal tumor. The symptomatology is atypical.

关键词： Acute Intestinal Intussusception Adult Intestinal Tumor Burkina Faso

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Management of a Total Coalescence of the Labia Majora in an 11-Year-Old Girl Following a Female Genital Mutilation: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第9期11卷 1133-1139页

作者： Ouedraogo Issa Sib Sansan rodrigue Sanogo Moussa Dembele Adama Tiemtoré Sibraogo Sawadogo Yobi Alexis Thieba/Bonané Blandine Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Souro Sanon University Hospital Center Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is still a topical practice in several African regions or countries. They constitute a violation of human rights, in particular because of their harmful consequences for the health of the people who suffer them and are the source of various complications. We report a case of FGM complications in the form of total coalescence of the labia majora with a small hole from which urine flows permanently. The management was a disinfubilation with suturing of the edges and urethral reimplantation and the evolution was favorable with complete healing after two (2) weeks.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation 11-Year-Old Girl Disinfubilation

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Observation of granulations in the basal body of ovarioles and follicular dilatations for the determination of physiological age of Anopheles gambiae s.s.

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第7期 526-530页

作者： rodrigue Anagonou Virgile Gnanguenon Fiacre Agossa Bruno Akinro Armand Akpo Martial Gbegbo Albert Salako Martin Akogbéto Center of Entomological research of Cotonou 06 BP 2604 CotonouBenin Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey CalaviCalaviBenin

Objective:To explore ovariole basal body granulations and follicular dilatations for determining physiological age inAnopheles gambiaes.s.(***.s.).Methods:Mosquitoes were collected by using window trap catch and identified *** the first lot ofmosquitoes,they were dissected,and ovary was left in distilled water for reading ovarian tracheoles and the second was cut and transferred to another blade in a physiological liquid for verification of ovariole basal body *** same approach was followed with the second lot of mosquitoes where follicular dilatations were found after classic dilaceration of ovaries were transferred into physiological *** other body parts of mosquitoes were used to identify the species of *** by ***:Among the *** *** the first lot,the method of Detinova determined the age of 89 mosquitoes versus 114 for the observation of granulations(P>0.05).Among the *** *** the second lot,the method of Detinova determined the age of 84 mosquitoes versus 93 for the observation of follicular dilatations(P>0.05).Unlike the method of Detinova,observation of follicular dilatations and basal body granulations of ovarioles were possible beyond the stage II ***:Overall,the observation of follicular dilatations and ovariole basal body granulations are reliable for the determination of the physiological age ***,these two methods can be used beyond the stage II.

关键词： Anopheles gambiae s.s. Physiological age Ovarioles Dilatations Granulations

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Factors Influencing the Shallow Groundwater Quality in Four Districts with Different Characteristics in Urban Area (Douala, Cameroon)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第8期5卷 99-120页

作者： Beatrice Ketchemen-Tandia Suzanne Ngo Boum-Nkot Seth rodrigue Ebondji Bertil Yvon Nlend Huguete Emvoutou Olivia Nzegue Department of Geosciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

This study examines groundwater samples from four areas under different conditions. Variations amongst the areas are due to the distinct topography, demographics, and socio-economic activities. A qualification of the groundwater using the following parameters;pH, electric conductivity and nitrate analysis yielded results depicting the deplorable state of the unconfined aquifer;which is even worst in the densely populated and low-lying areas. These unfavorable conditions are present in the older districts (Bependa and Ndogbong) compared to the younger and least populated (urbanized) districts (Ndogpassi and Logpom). The poor quality of groundwater could be due to contamination by sewage from latrines and surface discharges. Nevertheless, nitrate contents (>241 mg/l) in these districts indicate that pollution has not reached the alarming levels observed in other West African cities (nitrates > 400 mg/l). Relatively low concentrations of nitrate in groundwater of the studied areas could be due to volatilization phenomena common in the unconfined aquifers in Douala. We however remarked that most of the studied wells are not used as drinking water, because they present particular health risks to humans.

关键词： Shallow Groundwater Quality Districts Urban Chemistry

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Experimental Study of the Water Absorption Kinetics of the Coconut Shells (Nucifera) of Cameroun

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第3期7卷 159-170页

作者： Dieunedort Ndapeu Ebénezer Njeugna Nicodème rodrigue Sikame Sophie Brogly Bistac Jean Yves Drean Médard Fogue IUT FV de Bandjoun University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Chemestry School University of Haute Alsace Mulhouse France ENSISA University of Haute Alsace Mulhouse France

The study is focused on the phenomenon of diffusion of water through the shells of two coconut species (coconut nucifera) of Cameroun. The kinetics absorption of water was studied experimentally by the gravimetric method with discontinuous control of the mass of the samples at the temperature of 23℃. The mature coconut shells were cleaned mechanically, cut in a spherical shape and placed in a drying oven with 105℃ for 4 hours before being plunged in distilled water at 23℃. This study made it possible not only to determine the rate of water absorbed, but also to model the water kinetic absorption of the shells. Of the two models tested (Peleg and Page), the Page model predicted very well the experimental data. The Fick law made it possible to evaluate the effective diffusivity coefficients at the initial and final phases of absorption. The effective diffusivity coefficient was given from the Arrhenius equation.

关键词： Coconut Shells (CSs) Drying Absorption Coefficient of Effective Diffusivity Activation Energy

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Scale and Associated Factors of Using Pyrethroid-Impregnated Mosquito Nets as Fishing Tools on Nokoué Lake within Sô-Ava Municipality in Benin, 2020

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023年第6期13卷 199-212页

作者： Nicolas Ayokpon Hondo Horace Degnonvi rodrigue Landeou Franck Zinsou Mignanwande Zoulkifl Salou Bachirou Roch Christian Johnson Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh Regional Public Health Institute University of Abomey-Calavi Atlantique Benin Interfaculty Center for Training and Research in Environment for Sustainable Development University of Abomey-Calavi Atlantique Benin Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of Abomey-Calavi Atlantique Benin

Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.

关键词： Associated Factor Impregnated Mosquito Nets Pyrethroids Fishing Tools Sô-Ava

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