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Effects of the degree of oral processing on the properties of saliva-participating emulsions:using stewed pork with brown sauce as the model

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第1期12卷 275-282页

作者： mingcheng zhang Xiaocao Zhao Dengyong Liu Guan Wang College of Food Science and Technology Bohai UniversityJinzhou 121013China Cuisine Science Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Tourism UniversityChengdu 610100China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing Quality and Safety ControlNanjing 210095China

This work investigated the changes in properties of saliva-participating emulsions during different oral processing stages(the whole process from intake to swallowing was divided into five stages,i.e.,20%,40%,60%,80%and 100%stage).The stewed pork with brown sauce was masticated and the emulsion was collected for the determination of emulsion stability,droplet size,ζ-potential,interfacial tension,and *** results showed that the emulsion stability increased gradually during the oral processing and reached the highest level near the swallowing *** droplet size of emulsion showed a significant downward trend(P<0.05).Microstructure observations also found different degrees of reduction in fat droplets size at different stages of oral *** addition,theζ-potential of food boluses emulsion was decreased from-16.4 mV to-41.2 mV and the interfacial tension decreased by 52.6%before and after oral *** conclusion,the oral processing of stewed pork with brown sauce was essentially a process in which fat was constantly emulsified,and saliva might act as an *** study provides new insights on understanding the oral processing process and sensory changes of fat.

关键词： Oral processing Fat Saliva Emulsification Stewed pork with brown sauce

不同柑橘纤维及添加量对酱牛肉出品率及品质的影响

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食品科学 2024年第11期45卷 226-234页

作者：张明成常光强王族郑多多贾娜鲁嘉丰吕广黄云霞刘登勇渤海大学食品科学与工程学院辽宁省食品安全重点实验室生鲜农产品贮藏加工及安全控制技术国家地方联合工程研究中心辽宁锦州121013 河北乐檬生物科技有限公司河北邢台054000

将不同型号的柑橘纤维(CF100L80、CF400L80、CF100H60)按照不同的添加量(0.5%、1.0%、1.5%)以滚揉的方式添加到酱牛肉中,通过测定酱牛肉的出品率、水分分布、pH值、柑橘纤维残留量、色泽、质构、柑橘纤维的分布状态、感官评价等指标,探... 详细信息

将不同型号的柑橘纤维(CF100L80、CF400L80、CF100H60)按照不同的添加量(0.5%、1.0%、1.5%)以滚揉的方式添加到酱牛肉中,通过测定酱牛肉的出品率、水分分布、pH值、柑橘纤维残留量、色泽、质构、柑橘纤维的分布状态、感官评价等指标,探究添加柑橘纤维对酱牛肉出品率及品质的影响。结果表明:柑橘纤维能够有效提升酱牛肉的出品率,其中添加1.5%CF400L80和0.5%CF100H60的酱牛肉出品率最高,分别为78.73%和78.35%。此外,柑橘纤维的添加并没有通过pH值变化促进牛肉保水性的提高,而是通过其保留在肉中进而吸水引起。其中,添加了1.5%CF400L80和1.0%CF100L80酱牛肉的柑橘纤维残留率最高,分别为68.57%和66.31%。扫描电镜结果显示这些柑橘纤维堆积在肌束的表面,通过吸水膨胀提升了酱牛肉的出品率。同时,添加柑橘纤维显著降低了酱牛肉的硬度、胶着性和咀嚼性(P<0.05)。感官评价结果显示,柑橘纤维能明显提升酱牛肉的质地和口感,其中添加0.5%CF100H60酱牛肉的感官评价得分最高。综上所述,添加0.5%CF100H60的柑橘纤维对酱牛肉的出品率以及感官品质有最佳的提升效果。

关键词：柑橘纤维酱牛肉出品率品质

Preparation of ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) high oxygen resistant coating using nonequilibrium state powders by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2021年第5期10卷 1011-1024页

作者： Menglin zhang Xuanru REN mingcheng zhang Songsong WANG Li WANG Qingqing YANG Hongao CHU Peizhong FENG School of Materials and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

To achieve high oxygen blocking structure of the ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coating applied on carbon structural material,ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coating was prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)method utilizing ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) composite powders synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS)technique as raw *** oxygen blocking mechanism of the ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coatings at 1973 K was *** with commercial powders,the coatings prepared by SHS powders exhibited superior density and inferior oxidation activity,which significantly heightened the structural oxygen blocking ability of the coatings in the active oxidation stage,thus characterizing higher oxidation protection *** rise of MoSi_(2) content facilitated the dispersion of transition metal oxide nanocrystals(5-20 nm)in the SiO_(2) glass layer and conduced to the increasing viscosity,thus strengthening the inerting impact of the compound glass layer in the inert oxidation ***,the ZrB_(2)-40 vol% MoSi_(2) coating sample prepared by SHS powders presented the lowest oxygen permeability of 0.3% and carbon loss rate of 0.29×10^(6)g·cm^(-2)·s^(-1).Owing to the gradient oxygen partial pressure inside the coatings,the Si-depleted layer was developed under the compound glass layer,which brought about acute oxygen erosion.

关键词： ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2)coatings spark plasma sintering(SPS) high-temperature synthesis(SHS) active/inert oxidation compound glass layer

基于“双一流”协同乡村振兴的食品专业硕士培养模式的构建

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中国食品学报 2024年第2期24卷 489-495页

作者：关海宁刁小琴刘登勇励建荣李学鹏范金波仪淑敏张明成盖圣美赵志南渤海大学食品科学与工程学院、辽宁省食品安全重点实验室、生鲜农产品贮藏加工及安全控制技术国家地方联合工程研究中心辽宁锦州121013

我国高校的“双一流”建设,对高等教育教学改革与创新提出了新的目标与挑战,培养引领新时代发展的高层次食品专业应用型人才迫在眉睫。基于高等教育改革的新要求、学科一流专业的建设优势、学校“双一流”建设的规划以及专业认证标准,... 详细信息

我国高校的“双一流”建设,对高等教育教学改革与创新提出了新的目标与挑战,培养引领新时代发展的高层次食品专业应用型人才迫在眉睫。基于高等教育改革的新要求、学科一流专业的建设优势、学校“双一流”建设的规划以及专业认证标准,本文探究了食品类专业型硕士培养模式的构建行径。在分析当前专业型硕士研究生人才培养不足的基础上,提出“以创新为突破、以涉农加工技术为根基”是“双一流”协同乡村振兴政策推动下食品类专业型硕士培养的重要体现,同时结合创新机制的完善途径,构建“一体三翼两融合”的食品类专业型硕士培养模式与“平台+四化”的联培机制。该培养模式可以有效提升食品类专业型硕士的综合素养、实践能力以及创新创业创造能力。这对推动食品类专业型硕士研究生实现内涵式高质量发展具有重要的时代意义。

关键词：双一流乡村振兴专业学位培养模式创新机制

Theory-guided electrocatalyst engineering:From mechanism analysis to structural design

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2022年第12期43卷 2987-3018页

作者： mingcheng zhang Kexin zhang Xuan Ai Xiao Liang Qi zhang Hui Chen Xiaoxin Zou State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina

The exploitation of competent electrocatalysts is a key issue of the broad application of many promising electrochemical processes,including the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)and the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).The traditional searches for good electrocatalysts rely on the trial-and-error approaches,which are typically tedious and *** the past decades,some fundamental principles,activity descriptors and catalytic mechanisms have been established to accelerate the discovery of advanced ***,it is time to summarize these theory-related research advances that unravel the structure-performance relationships and enables predictive ability in electrocatalysis *** this review,we summarize some basic aspects of catalytic theories that are commonly used in the design of electrocatalysts(e.g.,Sabatier principle,d-band theory,adsorption-energy scaling relation,activity descriptors)and their ***,we briefly introduced the fundamental mechanisms and central challenges of HER,OER,ORR,CO_(2)RR and NRR electrocatalysts,and highlight the theory-based efforts used to address the challenges facing these electrocatalysis ***,we propose the key challenges and opportunities of theory-driven electrocatalysis on their future.

关键词： Electrocatalysis d-band theory Scaling relation Sabatier principle Descriptor

Tactical conflict resolution in urban airspace for unmanned aerial vehicles operations using attention-based deep reinforcement learning

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2023年第4期2卷 43-57页

作者： mingcheng zhang Chao Yan Wei Dai Xiaojia Xiang Kin Huat Low School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Air Traffic Management Research Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637460Singapore

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have gained much attention from academic and industrial areas due to the significant number of potential applications in urban airspace.A traffic management system for these UAVs is needed to manage this future *** conflict resolution for unmanned aerial systems(UASs)is an essential piece of the puzzle for the future UAS Traffic Management(UTM),especially in very low-level(VLL)urban *** conflict resolution in higher altitude airspace,the dense high-rise buildings are an essential source of potential conflict to be considered in VLL urban *** this paper,we propose an attention-based deep reinforcement learning approach to solve the tactical conflict resolution ***,we formulate this task as a sequential decision-making problem using Markov Decision Process(MDP).The double deep Q network(DDQN)framework is used as a learning framework for the host drone to learn to output conflict-free maneuvers at each time *** use the attention mechanism to model the individual neighbor's effect on the host drone,endowing the learned conflict resolution policy to be adapted to an arbitrary number of neighboring ***,we build a simulation environment with various scenarios covering different types of encounters to evaluate the proposed *** simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm provides a reliable solution to minimize secondary conflict counts compared to learning and non-learning-based approaches under different traffic density scenarios.

关键词： Unmanned aircraft system traffic management Tactical conflict resolution Double deep Q network Attention mechanism Secondary conflict

水氮耦合对陕南烤烟渗透调节物质及抗逆生理特性的影响

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湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期50卷 30-35页

作者：娄慧敏郑玺王平平张明诚王艳阳胡鑫穆耀辉黄金辉艾绥龙张立新西北农林科技大学生命科学学院陕西杨凌712100 陕西省烟草科学研究所陕西西安710000 陕西省烟草公司商洛市公司陕西商洛726000

以云烟99为材料,采用双因素完全组合法,设置W1(土壤相对含水量75%~85%)、W2(土壤相对含水量55%~65%)、W3(土壤相对含水量35%~45%)3个土壤水分条件和N1(4 g)、N2(5 g)、N3(6 g)3个单株施氮量,共9个处理,进行盆栽试验,旺长期控水15 d后测... 详细信息

以云烟99为材料,采用双因素完全组合法,设置W1(土壤相对含水量75%~85%)、W2(土壤相对含水量55%~65%)、W3(土壤相对含水量35%~45%)3个土壤水分条件和N1(4 g)、N2(5 g)、N3(6 g)3个单株施氮量,共9个处理,进行盆栽试验,旺长期控水15 d后测定烟叶过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸(Pro)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-)含量,分析水氮耦合对烤烟渗透调节物质及抗逆生理特性的影响。结果表明:在W3条件下,增施氮可提高可溶性蛋白含量,与W3N1处理相比,W3N2、W3N3分别提高25.36%和42.86%,能降低可溶性糖含量,分别降低3.85%和12.32%;W2N2、W2N3与W2N1处理相比,SOD活性分别提高20.29%和31.19%,POD活性分别提高24.60%和44.89%;N2条件下,与W1N1处理相比,W1N2和W2N2处理的CAT活性分别提高40.26%、43.58%;W3处理增加了烟叶Pro、GSH、MDA及O2-含量,与W1N1处理相比,增幅分别达69.69%~222.49%、15.2%~89.36%、155.15%~162.37%、24.89%~72.34%。分析互作效应发现,土壤相对含水量对SOD、POD活性及Pro、GSH、MDA、O2-、可溶性糖含量的影响较大;而施氮量对可溶性蛋白含量、CAT活性的影响较大;二者的互作效应对AsA含量的影响较大。综合来看,轻度缺水时株施氮量6 g的处理对烤烟抗氧化酶活性的提升效果较好,而重度缺水时株施氮量为5 g的处理对烤烟渗透调节物质和抗氧化物质含量的提升效果较好。

关键词：烤烟水氮耦合渗透调节物质

Crystal phase engineering of electrocatalysts for energy conversions

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Nano Research 2022年第12期15卷 10194-10217页

作者： Hui Chen mingcheng zhang Yanfei Wang Ke Sun Lina Wang Zhoubing Xie Yucheng Shen Xindi Han Lan Yang Xiaoxin Zou State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute Beijing102206China

Crystal phase is an intrinsic structural parameter to determine the physicochemical properties and functionalities of *** unconventional phases of materials with distinct atomic arrangements from their thermodynamically stable phases have attracted enormous *** engineering has recently made fruitful achievements in electrocatalysis field to optimize the performance of various electrochemical *** this review,theoretical and experimental advances made in phase engineering of electrocatalysts are ***,we introduce basic understanding on crystal phases of catalysts to show the dialectical relationship between bulk phase and surface catalytic layer,and highlight the multiple functions of phase engineering in catalysis *** then describe phase-controlled synthesis of materials through various experimental methods such as wet-chemical method,phase transition,and template *** a focus,we discuss the wide usage of phase engineering strategy in different kinds of electrocatalytic materials,and particular emphasis is given to establishment of reasonable crystal phase-activity ***,we propose several future directions for developing more desirable electrocatalysts by rational crystal phase design.

关键词： crystal phase electrocatalysis transition metal atomic arrangement energy conversion

Screening and Assessing 11 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Proteins as Potential Serodiagnostical Markers for Discriminating TB Patients from BCG Vaccinees

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第3期7卷 107-115页

作者： Guoqiang zhang Lingxia zhang mingcheng zhang Linlin Pan Fengyu Wang Jun Huang Guoli Li Jun Yu Songnian Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China The Second Hospital Affiliated to the General Hospital of the People＇s Liberation Army Beijing 100091 China

Purified protein derivative （PPD） skin tests often yield poor specificity, so that to develop new serological antigens for distinguishing between Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and Bacille Calmette-Guerin （BCG） vaccination is a priority, especially for developing countries like China. We predicted the antigenicity for selected open reading frames （ORFs） based on the genome sequences of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and M. boris BCG, as well as their functions and differences of expression under different stimulus. The candidate ORFs were cloned from H37Rv sequences and expressed as recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. We studied the serodiagnostic potential of 11 purified recombinants by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and involving a cohort composed of 58 TB patients （34 males and 24 females）, 8 healthy volunteers and 50 PPD-negative individuals before and after BCG vaccination. For all the 11 antigens, the median OD values for the sera from TB patients were statistically significantly higher than those for PPD-negative individuals before or after BCG vaccination （P〈0.01）. They had at least 92% specificity in healthy controls and six seroantigens （Rv0251c, Rv1973, Rv2376c, Rv2537c, Rv2785c and Rv3873A） were never reported with seroantigenicities previously. Thus the approach combining comparative genomics, bioinformatics and ELISA techniques can be employed to identify new seroantigens distinguishing M. tuberculosis infection from BCG vaccination.

关键词： comparative genomics M. tuberculosis BCG seroantigen ELISA