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Milling degree affects the fermentation properties of rice:perspectives from the composition of nutrients and gut microbiota via in vitro fermentation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1578-1588页

作者： Yu Zhang Fan Li Shutong Pan Bing Bai Kai Huang Sen Li Hongwei cao Tian Xie jian Xie Xiao Guan School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China National Grain Industry(Urban Grain and Oil Security)Technology Innovation Center Shanghai 200093China Nutrition&Health Research Institute Co.Ltd. COFCO CorporationBeijing 102209China China Grain Wuhan Scientific Research&Design Institute Co.Ltd. Wuhan 430079China

Fermentation substrates of rice with different milling degrees(MDs) were prepared and fermented with human feces to compare their fermentation properties and effects on gut *** 0s,MD 5s and MD 60s represented brown rice,moderately-milled rice and white rice,*** in vitro fermentation,the MD 5s group showed higher starch utilization,compared with the MD 0s and 60s groups evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and confocal laser scanning *** of fermentation substrates of rice with different MDs on gut microbiota were evaluated by 16S rDNA *** the sample groups reduced the pH and produced short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty *** MD 5s group exhibited higher α-diversity than the MD 0s and 60s *** of Phascolarctobacterium,Blautia and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae were higher in the MD 0s and 5s groups,compared with the MD 60s *** bacteria were also positively correlated with the SCFAs production via Spearman correlation *** vitro culture assay revealed that fermentation substrates of MD 0s and 5s promoted the growth of two probiotics(Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium adolescentis).Our results showed that moderate milling might be an appropriate way to produce rice products with richer nutrients and better fermentation properties.

关键词： Rice processing Milling Whole grains Gut microbiota

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Targeted G-to-T base editing for generation of novel herbicide-resistance gene alleles in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1048-1051页

作者： Yifu Tian Xinbo Li Jiyong Xie Zai Zheng Rundong Shen Xuesong cao Mugui Wang Chao Dong jian-Kang Zhu Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies(Hainan) Institute of Crop Sciences and National Nanfan Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory Sanya 572024China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Deaminase-based cytosine base editors(CBEs)and adenine base editors(ABEs)induce C-to-T and A-to-G transitions,respectively,enabling single-nucleotide variants(SNVs)in plants for research and crop enhancement(Li et al.,2023a).The C-to-G base editors(CGBEs)and A-to-Y base editors(AYBEs),developed by incorporating glycosylases with CBEs and ABEs,expand the repertoire of base editing products,allowing C-to-T/G and A-to-T/G transversions in plants(Li et al.,2023b,2023c;Sretenovic et a.,2021).

关键词： base alleles CBE

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Synergistic effect of homojunction and Ohmic junctions in CdS boosting spatial charge separation for U(VI)photoreduction

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6849-6859页

作者： Haonan Pei Zhimin Dong Zifan Li jian Huang Yuanping jiang Zuojia Li Lin Xu Xiaohong cao Yunhai Liu Zhibin Zhang Guoping Yang State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Photo-excited holes usually migrate to the surface of the catalyst and rapidly recombine with electrons,reducing the photocatalytic reduction efficiency of uranium(VI)(U(VI))in radioactive ***,we employed a straightforward synthesis technique to meticulously shape and manipulate the morphology of CdS to precisely construct CdS-Ni dandelion-like composites with different aspect ***,the introduction of crystal facet homojunction with Ohmic contacts in this unique morphology siqnificantly improves the photocatalytic ***-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy(TD-PL)verifies that the composite material positively effects on the dissociation of *** 30 min,CdS(002)/(102)/Ni-4 removed 98% of the uranium content in solution and showed a rather high apparent rate constant(0.114 min^(−1)),which was 4.8 times higher than that of CdS nanospheres(NSs)(0.024 min^(−1))and 3.7 times higher than that of CdS nanorods(NRs)(0.031 min^(−1)).This is much higher the most reported photocatalysts for U(VI)*** after 5 consecutive cycles,the photocatalytic efficiency only decreased by 7%.This offers a fresh perspective on constructing a new perspective for building a green,efficient,and multi mechanism collaborative catalytic system to remediate environmental pollution.

关键词： uranium dandelion-shaped axial size effect crystal facet homojunction ohmic contact

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Mast cell degranulation-triggered by SARS-CoV-2 induces tracheal-bronchial epithelial inflammation and injury

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 309-318页

作者： jian-Bo cao Shu-Tong Zhu Xiao-Shan Huang Xing-Yuan Wang Meng-Li Wu Xin Li Feng-Liang Liu Ling Chen Yong-Tang Zheng jian-Hua Wang Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China School of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKIZCUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyper-inflammation is a key pathogenic factor of *** research,along with others',has demonstrated that mast cells(MCs)play a vital role in the initiation of hyper-inflammation caused by *** previous study,we observed that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced the accumulation of MCs in the peri-bronchus and bronchioalveolar-duct junction in humanized ***,we found that MC degranulation triggered by the spike protein resulted in inflammation in alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells,leading to subsequent lung *** trachea and bronchus are the routes for SARS-CoV-2 transmission after virus inhalation,and inflammation in these regions could promote viral *** are widely distributed throughout the respiratory ***,in this study,we investigated the role of MCs and their degranulation in the development of inflammation in tracheal-bronchial *** analyses showed the accumulation and degranulation of MCs in the peri-trachea of humanized mice infected with *** degranulation caused lesions in trachea,and the formation of papillary hyperplasia was *** transcriptome analysis in bronchial epithelial cells,we found that MC degranulation significantly altered multiple cellular signaling,particularly,leading to upregulated immune responses and *** administration of ebastine or loratadine effectively suppressed the induction of inflammatory factors in bronchial epithelial cells and alleviated tracheal injury in *** together,our findings confirm the essential role of MC degranulation in SARS-CoV-2-induced hyper-inflammation and the subsequent tissue ***,our results support the use of ebastine or loratadine to inhibit SARS-CoV-2-triggered degranulation,thereby preventing tissue damage caused by hyper-inflammation.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Mast cell(MC) Bronchial epithelial cell Inflammation Tracheal injury

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Cemented vertebra and adjacent vertebra refractured in a chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder patient: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1804-1809页

作者： Ti-Dong Zhang Shuai cao Hui-Yong Ren Yu-Min Li Yi-ming Yuan Department of Orthopedics Civil Aviation General HospitalBeijing 100123China

BACKGROUND Although percutaneous vertebral augmentation(PVA)is a commonly used procedure for treating vertebral compression fracture(VCF),the risk of vertebral refracture should be *** kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD)is a systemic disease of mineral and bone *** is associated with an increased risk of *** studies have reported the use of PVA in patients with *** herein report a rare case wherein the cemented vertebra and the adjacent vertebra refractured simultaneously in a CKD-MBD patient after *** SUMMARY A 74-year-old man suffered from low back pain after taking a fall about 3 wk *** to physical examination,imaging and laboratory findings,diagnoses of T12 VCF,CKD-MBD,and chronic kidney disease stage 5 were *** then received percutaneous vertebroplasty at T12 *** weeks later,he presented with T12 and L1 vertebral refractures caused by lumbar *** again,he was given PVA which was optimized for the refractured *** the short-term postoperative effect was satisfactory,he reported chronic low back pain again at the 3-month *** It is necessary that patients with CKD-MBD who have received PVA are aware of the adverse effects of *** may increase the risk of vertebral ***,the PVA surgical technique needs to be optimized according to the condition of the *** medium-and long-term effects of PVA remain uncertain in patients with CKD-MBD.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder Percutaneous vertebral augmentation Vertebral compression fracture Vertebral refracture Cemented vertebra Adjacent vertebra Case report

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A bHLH transcription factor,CsSPT,regulates high-temperature resistance in cucumber

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 503-514页

作者： Yonggui Liang Chenyu Yang Fangyan ming Bingwei Yu Zhihua Cheng Yixi Wang Zhengkun Qiu Xiaolan Zhang Bihao cao Shuangshuang Yan Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research CenterCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable CropsMOE Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

High-temperature stress threatens the growth and yield of crops. Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factors(TFs) have been shown to play important roles in regulating high-temperature resistance in plants. However, the bHLH TFs responsible for high-temperature tolerance in cucumbers have not been identified. We used transcriptome profiling to screen the high temperature-responsive candidate bHLH TFs in cucumber. Here, we found that the expression of 75 CsbHLH genes was altered under high-temperature stress. The expression of the CsSPT gene was induced by high temperatures in TT(Thermotolerant) cucumber plants. However, the Csspt mutant plants obtained by the CRISPR-Cas9 system showed severe thermosensitive symptoms, including wilted leaves with brown margins and reduced root density and cell *** Csspt mutant plants also exhibited elevated H_(2)O_(2) levels and down-regulated photosystem-related genes under normal ***, there were high relative electrolytic leakage(REC), malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), and superoxide radical(O_(2)^(·-)) levels in the Csspt mutant plants, with decreased Proline content after the high-temperature treatment. Transcriptome analysis showed that the photosystem and chloroplast activities in Csspt mutant plants were extremely disrupted by the high-temperature stress compared with wildtype(WT) plants. Moreover, the plant hormone signal transduction, as well as MAPK and calcium signaling pathways were activated in Csspt mutant plants under high-temperature stress. The HSF and HSP family genes shared the same upregulated expression patterns in Csspt and WT plants under high-temperature conditions. However, most bHLH, NAC, and bZIP family genes were significantly down-regulated by heat in Csspt mutant plants. Thus, these results demonstrated that CsSPT regulated the high-temperature response by recruiting photosynthesis components, signaling pathway molecules, and transcription factors. Our results pro

关键词： Cucumber bHLH CsSPT Photosynthesis High temperature

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Cooperative enhancement of mechanical and tribological properties through tailoring TiN transition interface in boron nitride nanosheets reinforced copper composites

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5202-5215页

作者： Zhong-Hua Li Liang Liu Xin You jian-Hong Yi Rui Bao ming-Yi Zhu Song Lu Jun-Jun Pai Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and Technology

Strengthening interface bonding between boron nitride nanosheets(BNNS) and copper matrix is an essential prerequisite for exploiting a new generation of copper matrix composites(CMCs) with high strength and wear resistance. Herein, BNNS/Cu composites were fabricated by the powder metallurgy route, matrix-alloying(adding 1.0 wt% Ti) strategy was adopted to improve the interfacial wettability and strengthen interface adhesion. A typical "sandwich"-like multiply interface structure involving TiN transition layers, BNNS and Cu matrix had been well constructed through the rational heat treatment(900℃for 120 min). Additionally, nano-sized TiB whisker was in situ formed in the vicinity of the interface, it had linked the BNNS-Cu-TiN multiply interface, which played a role of "threading the needle" and significantly strengthened the multi-interfaces bonding. This specific interface structure was finely characterized, and the formation mechanism of solid-state interfacial reaction feature was proposed. The results demonstrated that the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of BNNS/Cu-(Ti)-900℃ increased from 248 to 530 MPa(increased by 114%), and the coefficient of friction(COF) decreased from 0.51 to 0.28 than pure Cu. This work highlights the importance of interface configuration design, which contributes to the development of CMCs with prominent comprehensive properties.

关键词： Boron nitride nanosheets Copper matrix composites Interface structure Mechanical and frictional properties

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Long-term functional maintenance of primary hepatocytes in vitro using macroporous hydrogels engineered through liquid-liquid phase separation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1725-1736页

作者： Yang Sun Sheng Yin jian Cui Zhongxia Wang Yueying Han Ding Ma Shuo Wang Junhua Wu Yi cao Chunping jiang Xiaosong Gu Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory Jinan 250021China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructureKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationMinistry of EducationDepartment of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210093China National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Preserving the functionality of hepatocytes in vitro poses a significant challenge in liver tissue engineering and bioartificial liver,as these cells rapidly lose their metabolic and functional characteristics after *** by the macroporous structures found in native liver tissues,here we develop synthetic hydrogel scaffolds that closely mimic the liver’s structural organization through the phase separation between polyethylene glycol(PEG)and *** hydrogels exhibit interconnected macroporous structures and appropriate mechanical properties,providing an optimal microenvironment conducive to hepatocyte adhesion and the formation of sizable *** to two-dimensional hepatocyte cultures,enhanced functionalities of hepatocytes cultured in our macroporous hydrogels were observed for 14 days,as evidenced by quantitative reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reactions(qRT-PCR),immunofluorescence,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)*** sequencing data further confirmed the establishment of cell–cell interactions among hepatocytes when cultured in our ***,these hepatocytes maintained a protein expression lineage that closely resembled freshly isolated hepatocytes,particularly in the Notch and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)signaling *** results suggest that the macroporous hydrogels are attractive scaffolds for liver tissue engineering.

关键词： liver tissue engineering phase separation hepatocytes macroporous hydrogel

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High-efficiency sodium storage of Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) encapsulated in N-doped carbon polyhedron via vacancy and heterojunction engineering

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 94-107页

作者： Ya Ru Pei Hong Yu Zhou ming Zhao jian Chen Li Xin Ge Wei Zhang Chun Cheng Yang Qing jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchunChina Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials Electron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchunChina

With the advantage of fast charge transfer,heterojunction engineering is identified as a viable method to reinforce the anodes'sodium storage ***,vacancies can effectively strengthen the Na+adsorption ability and provide extra active sites for Na+***,their synchronous engineering is rarely ***,a hybrid of Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure with Se vacancies and N-doped carbon polyhedron(CoWSe/NCP)has been fabricated for the first time via a hydrothermal and subsequent selenization *** aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy confirms the phase interface of the Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure and the existence of Se *** functional theory simulations reveal the accelerated charge transfer and enhanced Na+adsorption ability,which are contributed by the Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure and Se vacancies,*** expected,the CoWSe/NCP anode in sodium-ion battery achieves outstanding rate capability(339.6 mAh g^(−1) at 20 A g^(−1)),outperforming almost all Co/W-based selenides.

关键词： Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2)heterostructure density functional theory simulations N-doped carbon polyhedron Se vacancies sodium-ion batteries

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Measurement of atmospheric non-reciprocity effects for satellite-based two-way time-frequency transfer

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1274-1282页

作者： TING ZENG QI SHEN YUAN cao jian-YU GUAN MENG-ZHE LIAN JIN-jian HAN LEI HOU jian LU XIN-XIN PENG MIN LI WEI-YUE LIU JIN-CAI WU YONG WANG JUAN YIN JI-GANG REN HAI-FENG jianG QIANG ZHANG CHENG-ZHI PENG jian-WEI PAN Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaShanghai 201315China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230094China Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Future optical clock networks will require high-precision optical time-frequency transfer between satellites and ground ***,due to atmospheric turbulence,satellite motion and time delay between the satellite–ground transmission links will cause spatial and temporal variations,respectively,resulting in the breakdown of the time-of-flight reciprocity on which optical two-way time-frequency transfer is ***,we experimentally simulate the atmospheric effects by two-way spatio-temporally separated links between two stationary terminals located 113 km apart and measure the effects for optical two-way time-frequency *** experiment shows that the effect on the link instability is less than 2.3×10^(−19) at 10,000 *** indicates that when the link instability of satellite-ground optical time-frequency transfer is on the order of 10^(−19),it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric non-reciprocity effects.

关键词： breakdown transfer satellite

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