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Superior electrocatalytic negative electrode with tailored nitrogen functional group for vanadium redox flow battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 148-157,I0005页

作者： min gu kang Wook Ahn Joonhee kang Shin Ae Song Kiyoung Kim Ju Young Woo Yong-Cheol Jeong Bonwook Koo Dae Soo Jung Sung Nam Lim Micro/Nano Scale Manufacturing Group Korea Institute of Industrial Technology143 HanggaulroSangrok-guAnsan-siGyeonggi-do 15588Republic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Engineering Soonchunhyang University22 Soonchunhyang-roShinchang-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31538Republic of Korea Department of Nanoenergy Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Nano Fusion Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Energy Storage Materials Center Energy&Environmental DivisionKorea Institute of Ceramic Engineering&Technology(KICET)101 Soho-roJinju-siGyeongsangnam-doRepublic of Korea

Development of electrodes with high electrocatalytic activity and stability is essential for solving problems that still restrict the extensive application of vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs).Here,we designed a novel negative electrode with superior electrocatalytic activity by tailoring nitrogen functional groups,such as newly formed nitro and pyridinic-N transformed to pyridonic-N,from the prenitrogen-doped *** was experimentally confirmed that an electrode with pyridonic-N and nitro fuctional groups(tailored nitrogen-doped graphite felt,TNGF) has superior electrocatalytic acivity with enhanced electron and mass *** functional theory calulations demonstrated the pyridonic-N and nitro functional groups promoted the adsorption,charge transfer,and bond formation with the vanadium species,which is consistent with expermental *** addition,the V2+/V3+redox reaction mechanism on pyridonic-N and nitro functional groups was estabilised based on density functional theory(DFT) *** TNGF was applied to a VRFB,it enabled enhanced-electrolyte utilization and energy efficiencies(EE) of 57.9% and 64.6%,respectively,at a current density of 250 mA cm^(-2).These results are 18.6% and 8.9% higher than those of VRFB with electrode containing graphitic-N and pyridinicN ***,TNGF-based VRFB still operated with an EE of 59% at a high current density of300 mA cm^(-2).The TNGF-based VRFB exhibited stable cycling performance without noticeable decay of EE over 450 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 250 mA cm^(-2).The results of this study suggest that introducing pyridonic-N and nitro groups on the electrode is effective for improving the electrochemical performance of VRFBs.

关键词： Tailored nitrogen functional group Pyridonic-N Nitro Negative electrode Density functional theory Vanadium redoxﬂow batteries

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Vectorial adaptive optics:expanding the frontiers of optical correction

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 170-171页

作者： Qiming Zhang min gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China

Researchers at the University of Oxford have introduced a groundbreaking technique called vectorial adaptive optics(V-AO),which extends the capabilities of traditional adaptive optics to correct for both polarization and phase *** novel approach opens new possibilities for manipulating the complex vectorial field in optical systems,enabling higher-dimensional feedback correction.

关键词： optics correction frontier

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Nuclear transport receptors underpin plastidial retrograde signaling

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 993-995页

作者： min Jia Yangnan gu Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA

The nucleus integrates cytosolic and organellar signals to regulate gene expression during plant stress responses,and this process is highly dependent on shuttling of signaling molecules in and out of the *** nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules is facilitated by nuclear transport receptors(NTRs).NTRs are broadly categorized into exportins,which mediate the export of cargo from the nucleus to the cytoplasm,and importins,which facilitate the import of cargo into the *** importin family comprises importin-α(IMPa)and importin-β(IMPp).IMPa proteins are adaptor proteins and composed of three functional domains:an N-terminal IMPβ-binding(IBB)domain,ten Armadillo(ARM)repeats responsible for recognizing and interacting with cargo,and an exportin-interacting domain crucial for recycling via nuclear export(Wing et al.,2022).During a nuclear transport event,*** cargo containing a classical nuclear localization signal(cNLS)through its ARM repeats and engages IMPβvia its IBB domain,forming the cargo-IMPa-IMPβternary ***βfacilitates translocation of this complex through the nuclear *** inside the nucleus,RanGTP competes with IMPa for binding to IMPβ,promoting disassembly of the transport complex and releaseofcargo.

关键词： complex. integrate ternary

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A_(2)B_(7)-type La-Mg-Ni alloys prepared by Mg thermal diffusion for improved hydrogen storage performance

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3260-3272页

作者： Yong-Xi Zhang guan-Jiu Wu Jing gu Hong-Xing kang Yuan Li Di Zhou Wen-Feng Wang Lu Zhang Shu-min Han Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA92182-1030USA State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

A novel approach based on thermal diffusion was used to achieve controllable Mg content in A_(2)B_(7)-type La-Mg-Ni-based *** formation mechanism of the A_(2)B_(7)-type phase as a result of the thermal diffusion process and the effect of Mg content on hydrogen storage performance were investigated.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns and Rietveld refinement results showed that increased Mg transformed the LaNi_(5)phase in the La_(0.74)Sm_(0.03)Y_(0.23)Ni_(4.32)Al_(0.04)precursor alloy into a superlattice *** electron microscopy(SEM)images showed that Mg was evenly distributed in the alloy *** in the superlattice significantly inhibited the phase decomposition of the superlattice structure during the hydrogen absorption/desorption *** A_(2)B_(7)-type La_(0.57)Sm_(0.02)Y_(0.18)Mg_(0.23)Ni_(3.38)Al_(0.03)alloy composed of Gd_(2)Co_(7)and Ce_(2)Ni_(7)phases was successfully *** pressure-composition isotherm profiles showed that the alloy had a hydrogen storage capacity as high as 1.73 wt%,with good cycling *** 50 cycles of hydrogen absorption/desorption,the alloy retained a hydrogen storage capacity of 1.45 wt%,with a capacity retention rate of up to 84.28%.The Mg thermal diffusion process thus provides a new approach for the controlled preparation of La-Mg-Ni-based alloys.

关键词： La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloy A_(2)B_(7)-type superlattice alloy Mg thermal diffusion process Phase transformation Hydrogen storage property

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Ultrahigh performance passive radiative cooling by hybrid polar dielectric metasurface thermal emitters

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 17-25页

作者： Yinan Zhang Yinggang Chen Tong Wang Qian Zhu min gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Real-world passive radiative cooling requires highly emissive,selective,and omnidirectional thermal emitters to maintain the radiative cooler at a certain temperature below the ambient temperature while maximizing the net cooling *** various selective thermal emitters have been demonstrated,it is still challenging to achieve these conditions sim-ultaneously because of the extreme difficulty in controlling thermal emission of photonic structures in *** we demonstrated hybrid polar dielectric metasurface thermal emitters with machine learning inverse design,en-abling a high emissivity of~0.92 within the atmospheric transparency window 8-13μm,a large spectral selectivity of~1.8 and a wide emission angle up to 80 degrees,*** selective and omnidirectional thermal emitter has led to a new record of temperature reduction as large as~15.4°C under strong solar irradiation of~800 W/m2,signific-antly surpassing the state-of-the-art *** designed structures also show great potential in tackling the urban heat island effect,with modelling results suggesting a large energy saving and deployment area *** research will make significant impact on passive radiative cooling,thermal energy photonics and tackling global climate change.

关键词： radiative cooling dielectric metasurfaces machine learning thermal emitters

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Enhancement of porcine in vitro embryonic development through luteolin‑mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 600-613页

作者： Se-Been Jeon Pil-Soo Jeong min Ju Kim Hyo-gu kang Bong-Seok Song Sun-Uk Kim Seong-Keun Cho Bo-Woong Sim Futuristic Animal Resource&Research Center(FARRC) Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB)Cheongju 28116Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Functional Genomics University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute(RICRI)College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea

Background Oxidative stress,caused by an imbalance in the production and elimination of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),has been recognized for its detrimental effects on mammalian embryonic ***(Lut)has been documented for its protective effects against oxidative stress in various ***,its specific role in embryonic development remains *** study aims to investigate the influence of Lut on porcine embryonic development and to elucidate the underlying *** After undergoing parthenogenetic activation(PA)or in vitro fertilization,embryos supplemented with 0.5μmol/L Lut displayed a significant enhancement in cleavage and blastocyst formation rates,with an increase in total cell numbers and a decrease in the apoptosis rate compared to the *** on D2 and D6 revealed that embryos with Lut supplementation had lower ROS levels and higher glutathione levels compared to the ***,Lut supplementation significantly augmented mitochondrial content and membrane ***,activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway was observed in embryos supplemented with Lut,leading to the upregulation of antioxidant-related gene transcription *** further validate the relationship between the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and effects of Lut in porcine embryonic development,we cultured PA embryos in a medium supplemented with brusatol,with or without the inclusion of *** positive effects of Lut on developmental competence were negated by brusatol *** Our findings indicate that Lut-mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway contributes to the enhanced production of porcine embryos with high developmental competence,and offers insight into the mechanisms regulating early embryonic development.

关键词： Luteolin Mitochondrial function Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway Oxidative stress Porcine embryo development

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Dietary fishmeal replacement by Clostridium autoethanogenum protein meal influences the nutritional and sensory quality of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)via the TOR/AAR/AMPK pathways

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 84-95页

作者： Zezheng Qi Nan Bai Qing Li Shihui Pan min gu Marine College Shandong UniversityWeihaiShandongChina Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai WeihaiShandongChina

Clostridium autoethanogenum protein(CAP)is a promising protein source for aquaculture;however,how CAP influences fish quality is worth extensive *** randomly allocated 630 turbot with initial body weights of about 180 g into 6 groups,with fishmeal-based control diet or diet with CAP replacing 15%(CAP15),30%(CAP30),45%(CAP45),60%(CAP60),or 75%(CAP75)of fishmeal *** a 70-d feeding trial,the fillet yield(P=0.015)and content of protein(P=0.017),collagen(P 0.05).By contrast,the muscle hardness increased linearly with increasing CAP(P=0.004),accompanied by linear reduction of muscle fiber area(P=0.003)and expression of myogenesis-related genes,including cathepsin D(ctsdPmino acid response(AAR)and AMPK pathways were ***,expression of genes related to protein degradation,including myogenic factor 5(myf 5,P<0.001),myogenic differentiation(myod,P<0.001),paired box 7(pax 7,P<0.001),and ctsd(P<0.001),decreased linearly with increasing *** conclusion,CAP could be used to replace up to 15%of fishmeal without negatively impacting turbot ***,higher levels of CAP decreased fillet yield,muscle protein content,and muscle fiber diameter while increasing muscle hardness,which could be attributed to the inhibition of the TOR pathway and activation of the AAR and AMPK pathways.

关键词： Bacterial meal Clostridium autoethanogenum Turbot Fish quality Muscle growth

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NiS ultrafine nanorod with translational and rotational symmetry

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 218-225页

作者： Jianxin kang Qi Hu Ruixuan Zhang Ang Gao Zhongning Huang Ziming Su Ke Pei Qinghua Zhang Li-min Liu Renchao Che Lin gu Er-Jia guo Lin guo School of Chemistry Beihang University Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Academy for Engineering&Technology Fudan University Zhejiang Laboratory Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics Beihang University

Anisotropy is a significant and prevalent characteristic of materials, conferring orientation-dependent properties, meaning that the creation of original symmetry enables key functionality that is not found in nature. Even with the advancements in atomic machining, synthesis of separated symmetry in different directions within a single structure remains an extraordinary challenge. Here, we successfully fabricate NiS ultrafine nanorods with separated symmetry along two directions. The atomic structure of the nanorod exhibits rotational symmetry in the radial direction, while its axial direction is characterized by divergent translational symmetry, surpassing the conventional crystalline structures known to date. It does not fit the traditional description of the space group and the point group in three dimensions, so we define it as a new structure in which translational symmetry and rotational symmetry are separated. Further corroborating the atomic symmetric separation in the electronic structure, we observed the combination of stripe and vortex magnetic domains in a single nanorod with different directions, in accordance with the atomic *** manipulation of nanostructure at the atomic level introduces a novel approach to regulate new properties finely, leading to the proposal of new nanotechnology mechanisms.

关键词： separated symmetry NiS anisotropy structure atomic machining magnetic domain

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Orbital angular momentum-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 466-477页

作者： Xinyuan Fang Xiaonan Hu Baoli Li Hang Su Ke Cheng Haitao Luan min gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Machine learning with optical neural networks has featured unique advantages of the information processing including high speed,ultrawide bandwidths and low energy consumption because the optical dimensions(time,space,wavelength,and polarization)could be utilized to increase the degree of ***,due to the lack of the capability to extract the information features in the orbital angular momentum(OAM)domain,the theoretically unlimited OAM states have never been exploited to represent the signal of the input/output nodes in the neural network ***,we demonstrate OAM-mediated machine learning with an all-optical convolutional neural network(CNN)based on Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)beam modes with diverse diffraction *** proposed CNN architecture is composed of a trainable OAM mode-dispersion impulse as a convolutional kernel for feature extraction,and deep-learning diffractive layers as a *** resultant OAM mode-dispersion selectivity can be applied in information mode-feature encoding,leading to an accuracy as high as 97.2%for MNIST database through detecting the energy weighting coefficients of the encoded OAM modes,as well as a resistance to eavesdropping in point-to-point free-space ***,through extending the target encoded modes into multiplexed OAM states,we realize all-optical dimension reduction for anomaly detection with an accuracy of 85%.Our work provides a deep insight to the mechanism of machine learning with spatial modes basis,which can be further utilized to improve the performances of various machine-vision tasks by constructing the unsupervised learning-based auto-encoder.

关键词： polarization mode momentum

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也论股东派生之诉

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同济大学学报（社会科学版） 2008年第3期19卷 102-109页

作者：顾敏康香港城市大学法律学院

股东派生之诉起源于英国,在美国得到充分发展。该诉讼的目的是便于少数股东督促公司董事或管理人士严格履行其职责并保护公司的利益。股东派生之诉被正式引入我国是在2005年大幅度修正1993年颁布的《公司法》。但是,第152条的规定存在... 详细信息

股东派生之诉起源于英国,在美国得到充分发展。该诉讼的目的是便于少数股东督促公司董事或管理人士严格履行其职责并保护公司的利益。股东派生之诉被正式引入我国是在2005年大幅度修正1993年颁布的《公司法》。但是,第152条的规定存在许多概念性的问题。例如,股东派生之诉是否又可称"股东代表之诉"?股东是否可以自己名义提起诉讼?等等。同时,许多有效的机制也没有设立,例如,股东诉讼担保条件和商业判断规则适用等。为此,本文试图澄清许多存在误区的地方,并提出一些完善第152条的建议。这样,就会使得第152条既方便少数股东采取行动威慑董事或管理人士的行为,又不至于使这种诉讼被滥用。

关键词：股东派生之诉股东代表之诉穷尽内部救济经营判断原则《公司法》第152条

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