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Tackling the proton limit under industrial electrochemical CO_(2)reduction by a local proton shuttle

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 233-243页

作者： Tianye Shao Kang Yang Sheng Chen min zheng Ying Zhang Qiang Li Jingjing Duan MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingChina School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia

Industrial CO_(2)electroreduction has received tremendous attentions for resolution of the current energy and environmental crisis,but its performance is greatly limited by mass transport at high current density.In this work,an ion‐polymer‐modified gas‐diffusion electrode is used to tackle this proton limit.It is found that gas diffusion electrode‐Nafion shows an impressive performance of 75.2%Faradaic efficiency in multicarbon products at an industrial current density of 1.16 A/cm^(2).Significantly,in‐depth electrochemical characterizations combined with in situ Raman have been used to determine the full workflow of protons,and it is found that HCO_(3)^(−)acts as a proton pool near the reaction environment,and HCO_(3)^(−)and H_(3)O^(+)are local proton donors that interact with the proton shuttle−SO_(3)^(−)from Nafion.With rich proton hopping sites that decrease the activation energy,a“Grotthuss”mechanism for proton transport in the above system has been identified rather than the“Vehicle”mechanism with a higher energy barrier.Therefore,this work could be very useful in terms of the achievement of industrial CO_(2)reduction fundamentally and practically.

关键词： industrial CO_(2)electroreduction proton donor proton pool proton shuttle proton transport mechanism

Universal method for designing periodic orbits by homotopy classes in the elliptic restricted three-body problem

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 175-188页

作者： Yue zheng min Zhao School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an Aeronautical InstituteXi’an710077China School of Aircraft Engineering Xi’an Aeronautical InstituteXi’an710077China School of Astronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

The current methods for designing periodic orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem(ERTBP)have the disadvantages of targeting limited orbits and ergodic searches and considering only symmetric orbits.A universal method for designing periodic orbits is proposed in this paper.First,the homotopy classes of orbits are structured based on their topological structures.Second,a dynamic model based on homotopy classes,ranging from the circular restricted three-body problem(CRTBP)to the ERTBP,can be built using the homotopy method.Third,a multi-and a single-period orbit were selected based on the resonance ratios.Finally,the corresponding orbit in the ERTBP was computed by modifying the initial condition of the orbit in the CRTBP.This method,without an ergodic search,can extend to any orbit,including an asymmetric orbit in the CRTBP,to the ERTBP model,and the two orbits are of the same homotopy class.Examples of the Earth–Moon ERTBP are presented to verify the efficiency of this method.

关键词： periodic orbit elliptic restricted three-body problem(ERTBP) topology homotopy circular restricted three-body problem(CRTBP)

Molecular regulation of the key specialized metabolism pathways in medicinal plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 510-531页

作者： min Shi Siwei Zhang Zizhen zheng Itay Maoz Lei Zhang Guoyin Kai Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health Zhejiang Provincial Key TCM Laboratory for Chinese Resource Innovation and TransformationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesJinhua AcademyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of Postharvest Science Agricultural Research OrganizationVolcani CenterRishonLeZion 7505101Israel Department of Pharmaceutical Botany School of PharmacyNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

The basis of modern pharmacology is the human ability to exploit the production of specialized metabolites from medical plants,for example,terpenoids,alkaloids,and phenolic acids.However,in most cases,the availability of these valuable compounds is limited by cellular or organelle barriers or spatio-temporal accumulation patterns within different plant tissues.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate biosynthesis of these specialized metabolites by tightly controlling the expression of biosynthetic genes.Cutting-edge technologies and/or combining multiple strategies and approaches have been applied to elucidate the role of TFs.In this review,we focus on recent progress in the transcription regulation mechanism of representative high-value products and describe the transcriptional regulatory network,and future perspectives are discussed,which will help develop high-yield plant resources.

关键词： biosynthesis medicinal plants omics secondary metabolism transcription factors

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π-conjugated chromophore functionalized high-nuclearity titanium-oxo clusters containing structural unit of anatase for photocatalytic selective oxidation of sulfides

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1736-1746页

作者： Ling-Rong Liao Dong-Chun zheng Pin-Xi Ou Qi-Xin Zhao Wei-min Xuan Qi zheng State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University

N-doping has significant influence in manipulating the properties of TiO2,and this has stimulated the development of N-donor-functionalized titanium-oxo clusters（TOCs） as molecular models to study the structure-property relationship.However,the structural type and photoresponsive application are still limited for such TOCs,especially regarding the high-nuclearity TOCs that contain structure unit of TiO2for photocatalysis.Herein,we showed the synthesis of a series of high-nuclearity TOCs 1-3 compounds using π-conjugated 1,10-phenanthroline（phen） as chromophore and N-donor functional ligand.Compound 1 features cocrystal structure composed of one [Ti26]2+and half [Ti22]2+,which renders it as the first cocrystallized TOC containing two positively charged species and phen-functionalized TOC showing the highest nuclearity up to 37 Ti centers.By adjusting the synthetic conditions,the individual {Ti22} and {Ti26} clusters can also be isolated as Compounds 2 and 3,respectively.The core structure of {Ti22} is mainly constructed from four lacunary {Ti4} derived from pentagonal {Ti（Ti）5} unit,while {Ti26} is built from four complete {Ti（Ti）5} unit.Notably,a {Ti8O14} structure unit of anatase TiO2can be identified in {Ti26}.Based on the unique structural features and proper photophysical and photochemical properties of Compounds 1-3,they are applied for photocatalytic sulfoxidation.Owing to the presence of anatase structure unit in {Ti26} and the synergistic effect from {Ti22} and {Ti26},the catalytic performance presents in the order of Compound 1> Compound 3> Compound 2.This work provides excellent models to understand the structureproperty relationship from the perspective of cocrystallization and Ti-O binding model and will further promote the application of TOCs as functional catalysts for organic transformation.

关键词： Titanium-oxo cluster Molecular model of anatase TiO 2 High nuclearity π-conjugated chromophore Photocatalytic sulfoxidation

Comprehensive prognostic and immune analysis of sterol Oacyltransferase 1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 439-451页

作者： Chang-Jiao Gan Yue zheng Bin Yang Li-min Cao Development Research Department National Medical Products Administration Institute of Executive DevelopmentBeijing 100071China School of Medicine Nankai University Affiliated Third Center HospitalTianjin 300070China Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease The Third Central Hospital of TianjinTianjin 300170China Department of Science and Technology Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin 300170China

BACKGROUND Sterol O-acyltransferase 1(SOAT1)is an important target in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.However,the prognostic value of SOAT1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is still not clear.AIM To investigate the correlation of SOAT1 expression with HCC,using RNA-seq and gene expression data of The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC)and pan-cancer.METHODS The correlation between SOAT1 expression and HCC was analyzed.Cox hazard regression models were conducted to investigate the prognostic value of SOAT1 in HCC.Overall survival and disease-specific survival were explored based on TCGA-LIHC data.Biological processes and functional pathways mediated by SOAT1 were characterized by gene ontology(GO)analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis of differentially expressed genes.In addition,the protein-protein interaction network and co-expression analyses of SOAT1 in HCC were performed to better understand the regulatory mechanisms of SOAT1 in this malignancy.RESULTS SOAT1 and SOAT2 were highly expressed in unpaired samples,while only SOAT1 was highly expressed in paired samples.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SOAT1 expression in tumor samples from LIHC patients compared with para-carcinoma tissues was 0.748,while the area under the curve of SOAT1 expression in tumor samples from LIHC patients compared with GTEx was 0.676.Patients with higher SOAT1 expression had lower survival rates.Results from GO/KEGG and gene set enrichment analyses suggested that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,the IL-18 signaling pathway,the calcium signaling pathway,secreted factors,the Wnt signaling pathway,the Jak/STAT signaling pathway,the MAPK family signaling pathway,and cell–cell communication were involved in such association.SOAT1 expression was positively associated with the abundance of macrophages,Th2 cells,T helper cells,CD56bright natural killer cells,and Th1 cells,and negatively linked to the abundance of Th17 cells,dendritic

关键词： Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognostic Immune

YOLOv5ST:A Lightweight and Fast Scene Text Detector

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 909-926页

作者： Yiwei Liu Yingnan Zhao Yi Chen zheng Hu min Xia School of Computer and Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

Scene text detection is an important task in computer vision.In this paper,we present YOLOv5 Scene Text(YOLOv5ST),an optimized architecture based on YOLOv5 v6.0 tailored for fast scene text detection.Our primary goal is to enhance inference speed without sacrificing significant detection accuracy,thereby enabling robust performance on resource-constrained devices like drones,closed-circuit television cameras,and other embedded systems.To achieve this,we propose key modifications to the network architecture to lighten the original backbone and improve feature aggregation,including replacing standard convolution with depth-wise convolution,adopting the C2 sequence module in place of C3,employing Spatial Pyramid Pooling Global(SPPG)instead of Spatial Pyramid Pooling Fast(SPPF)and integrating Bi-directional Feature Pyramid Network(BiFPN)into the neck.Experimental results demonstrate a remarkable 26%improvement in inference speed compared to the baseline,with only marginal reductions of 1.6%and 4.2%in mean average precision(mAP)at the intersection over union(IoU)thresholds of 0.5 and 0.5:0.95,respectively.Our work represents a significant advancement in scene text detection,striking a balance between speed and accuracy,making it well-suited for performance-constrained environments.

关键词： Scene text detection YOLOv5 lightweight object detection

Role of CD36 in central nervous system diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 512-518页

作者： min Feng Qiang Zhou Huimin Xie Chang Liu Mengru zheng Shuyu Zhang Songlin Zhou Jian Zhao School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina Department of Orthopedic Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology ProductsJiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury RepairCo-Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Stomatology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Medical College of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

CD36 is a highly glycosylated integral membrane protein that belongs to the scavenger receptor class B family and regulates the pathological progress of metabolic diseases.CD36 was recently found to be widely expressed in various cell types in the nervous system,including endothelial cells,pericytes,astrocytes,and microglia.CD36 mediates a number of regulatory processes,such as endothelial dysfunction,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammatory responses,which are involved in many central nervous system diseases,such as stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and spinal cord injury.CD36 antagonists can suppress CD36 expression or prevent CD36 binding to its ligand,thereby achieving inhibition of CD36-mediated pathways or functions.Here,we reviewed the mechanisms of action of CD36 antagonists,such as Salvianolic acid B,tanshinone IIA,curcumin,sulfosuccinimidyl oleate,antioxidants,and small-molecule compounds.Moreover,we predicted the structures of binding sites between CD36 and antagonists.These sites can provide targets for more efficient and safer CD36 antagonists for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

关键词： animal experiments antagonists CD36 antagonist central nervous system diseases clinical trial curcumin microRNA salvianolic acid B small-molecule drugs sulfosuccinimidyl oleate

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A case study of continental shelf waves in the northwestern South China Sea induced by winter storms in 2021

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 59-69页

作者： Junyi Li Chen Zhou min Li Quanan zheng mingming Li Lingling Xie Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction College of Ocean and MeteorologyGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key Laboratory of Climate Resources and Environments in Continent Shelf Sea and Deep OceanDepartment of Education of Guangdong ProvinceZhanjiang 524088China Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

This study aims to investigate characteristics of continental shelf wave(CSW)on the northwestern continental shelf of the South China Sea(SCS)induced by winter storms in 2021.Mooring and cruise observations,tidal gauge data at stations Hong Kong,Zhapo and Qinglan and sea surface wind data from January 1 to February 28,2021 are used to examine the relationship between along-shelf wind and sea level fluctuation.Two events of CSWs driven by the along-shelf sea surface wind are detected from wavelet spectra of tidal gauge data.The signals are triply peaked at periods of 56 h,94 h and 180 h,propagating along the coast with phase speed ranging from 6.9 m/s to18.9 m/s.The dispersion relation shows their property of the Kelvin mode of CSW.We develop a simple method to estimate amplitude of sea surface fluctuation by along-shelf wind.The results are comparable with the observation data,suggesting it is effective.The mode 2 CSWs fits very well with the mooring current velocity data.The results from rare current help to understand wave-current interaction in the northwestern SCS.

关键词： continental shelf waves Ekman transport Kelvin mode wavelet analysis northwestern South China Sea

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Flexible bidirectional self-powered photodetector with significantly reduced volume and accelerated response speed based on hydrogel and lift-off GaN-based nanowires

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 369-378页

作者： min Jiang Yukun Zhao Penghui zheng Jianya Zhang Wenxian Yang min Zhou Yuanyuan Wu Renjun Pei Shulong Lu Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Nanchang Research Institute Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesNanchang 330200China

Due to the wide range of potential applications for next-generation multi-functional devices,the flexible selfpowered photodetector(PD)with polarity-switchable behavior is essential but very challenging to be realized.Herein,a wearable bidirectional self-powered PD based on detached(Al,Ga)N and(In,Ga)N nanowires has been proposed and demonstrated successfully.Arising from the photovoltage-competing dynamics across(Al,Ga)N and(In,Ga)N nanowire photoelectrodes,such PD can generate the positive(33.3 mA W−1)and negative(-0.019 mA W−1)photo-responsivity under ultraviolet(UV)and visible illumination,respectively,leading to the bidirectional photocurrent behavior.Thanks to the introduction of quasi solid-state hydrogel,the PD can work without the liquid-electrolyte,thus remarkably reducing the volume from about 482 cm3 to only 0.18 cm3.Furthermore,the use of hydrogel is found to enhance response speed in the UV range by reducing the response time for more than 95%,which is mainly attributed to the increased open circuit potential and reduced ion transport distance.As the GaN connecting segment is pretty thin,the piezoelectric charges generated by stress are proposed to have only a limited effect on the photocurrent density.Therefore,both the stable on-off switching characteristics and photocurrent densities can still be achieved after being bent 400 times.With an excellent flexibility,this work creates opportunities for technological applications of bidirectional photocurrent PDs in flexible optoelectronic devices,e.g.,wearable intelligent sensors.

关键词： Flexible photodetector Bidirectional photocurrent Lift-off GaN-based nanowires Hydrogel Self-powered device