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A New Fairness-Oriented Packet Scheduling Scheme with Reduced Channel Feedback for OFDMA Packet Radio Systems

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2009年第7期2卷 608-618页

作者： Stanislav NONCHEV mikko VALKAMA 不详

In this paper, we propose a flexible and fairness-oriented packet scheduling approach for 3GPP UTRAN long term evolution (LTE) type packet radio systems, building on the ordinary proportional fair (PF) scheduling principle and channel quality indicator (CQI) feedback. Special emphasis is also put on practical feedback reporting mechanisms, including the effects of mobile measurement and estimation errors, reporting delays, and CQI quantization and compression. The performance of the overall scheduling and feedback re-porting process is investigated in details, in terms of cell throughput, coverage and resource allocation fairness, by using extensive quasistatic cellular system simulations in practical OFDMA system environment with frequency reuse of 1. The performance simulations show that by using the proposed modified PF ap-proach, significant coverage improvements in the order of 50% can be obtained at the expense of only 10-15% throughput loss, for all reduced feedback reporting schemes. This reflects highly improved fairness in the radio resource management (RRM) compared to other existing schedulers, without essentially com-promising the cell capacity. Furthermore, we demonstrate the improved functionality increase in radio re-source management for UE’s utilizing multi-antenna diversity receivers.

关键词： Radio Resource Management Packet Scheduling Proportional-Fair Channel Quality Feedback Throughput Fairness

Chemical fractionation method for characterization of biomass-based bottom and fly ash fractions from large-sized power plant of an integrated pulp and paper mill complex

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第2期24卷 588-596页

作者： Risto PYKI Hannu NURMESNIEMI Olli DAHL mikko MKEL City of Kemi Valtakatu 26 FI-94100 Kemi Finland Stora Enso Oyj Veitsiluoto Mill FI-94800 Kemi Finland Aalto University School of Chemical Technology Department of Forest Products TechnologyP. O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Division of Biomass Technology and Chemistry P.O. Box SLU SE-90183 UmeSweden

The aim of this study was to extract the biomass-based bottom and fly ash fractions by a three-stage fractionation method for water-soluble （H2O）, ammonium-acetate （CH3COONH4） and hydrochloric acid （HCl） fractions in order to access the leaching behaviour of these residues. Except for Mo, S, Na and elements whose concentrations were lower than the detection limits, the extractable element concentrations in both ash fractions followed the order H2O＆lt;CH3COONH4＆lt;HCl. The elements concentrations in this study were also lower than those in our previous studies, in which certain extraction stages followed the BCR extraction procedure.

关键词： ash extraction forest industry landfilling leaching heavy metals waste

Good Splendid Things:The Dilemma of Tradition and Modernization in Faulkner’s Go Down,Moses

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Good Splendid Things:The Dilemma of Tradition and Modernizat...

北京论坛（2011）文明的和谐与共同繁荣--传统与现代、变革与转型

作者： mikko Salovaara Yale University

Through the experience of Isaac McCaslin,William Faulkner illustrates his vision of the problems facing the post-Civil War American *** protagonist of Go Down,Moses With the description of Isaac McCaslin's life experi... 详细信息

关键词： Southern s Go Down,Moses Good Splendid Things:The Dilemma of Tradition and Modernization in Faulkner

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第12期55卷 1057-1063页

作者： LI ChunYan WANG WeiZhuo GUO Xlong ZHANG Feng MA WeiJuan ZHANG YinGang LI YouFen BAI YiDong LAMMI mikko J Faculty of Public Health Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related Diseases of Min- istry of Education Key Laboratory of Trace elements and Endemic Diseases of Ministry of Health Xi'an 710061 China 1nstitute of Health Education of Xi'an Xi'an 710004 China Department of Orthopedics Surgery Second Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710004 China Department of Orthopedics Surgery First Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061 China School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Cellular and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas 78229 USA Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedicine University of Kuopio Kuopio F1N-70211 Finland

In this paper, we present the first evidence of differences in the mitochondria-related gene expression profiles of adult articular cartilage derived from patients with Kashin-Beck disease and normal controls. The expression of 705 mitochondria-related genes was analyzed by mitochondria-related gene expression analysis and ingenuity pathways analysis. Mitochondria-related gene expression analysis identified 9 up-regulated genes in Kashin-Beck disease based on their average expression ratio. Three canonical pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis signaling and pyruvate metabolism were identified, which indicate the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease.

关键词： Kashin-Beck disease microarray mitochondrial dysfunction IPA analysis

Heavy metals leaching in bottom ash and fly ash fractions from industrial-scale BFB-boiler for environmental risks assessment

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第1期26卷 256-264页

作者： Risto POYKIO mikko MAKELA Gary WATKINS Hannu NURMESNIEMI OUi DAHL Department of Environmental Protection City ofKemiValtakatu 26FI-94100 KemiFinland Division of Biomass Technology and Chemistry Department of Forest Biomaterials and TechnologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box SLUSE-90183 UmehSweden Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8502Japan Department of Forest Products Technology School of Chemical TechnologyAalto UniversityP.O.Box 16400FI-00076 AaltoFinland Department of Environmental Protection Stora Enso OyjVeitsiluoto MillFI-94800 KemiFinland

The bottom ash and fly ash from the co-combustion of wood residues and peat at a bubbling fluidised bed boiler（296 MW） contained only quartz（SiO_2）, microcline（KAl Si_3O_8） and albite（NaAlSi_3O_8）. Thus, X-ray powder diffraction（XRD） was not useful for clarifying the difference in the release of associated heavy metals from ash matrices. In order to assess the release of heavy metals from ashes under changing environmental conditions, they were sequentially extracted and fractionated by the BCR-procedure into acid soluble/exchangeable（CH_3COOH）, reducible（NH_2OH-HCl） and oxidizable（H_2O_2/CH_3COONH_4） phases. The CH_3 COOH extractable fraction in conjunction with the total heavy metals concentrations were used to calculate the risk assessment code values for heavy metals leaching from the ash matrix. The leaching studies indicate that the heavy metals in the bottom ash and fly ash are bound to different fractions with different strengths. From the environmental and utilization perspectives, heavy metals in ashes posed different levels of environmental contamination risk. Only As in the bottom ash posed a very high risk. High risk metals were Cd in the bottom ash as well as As, Cd and Se in the fly ash.

关键词： bottom ash fly ash BCR extraction heavy metals risk assessment code

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTIMAL CHANNEL ESTIMATION AND MULTIUSER DETECTION IN A RANDOMLY-SPREAD CDMA CHANNEL

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第1期23卷 22-34页

作者： Keigo TAKEUCHI mikko VEHKAPER Toshiyuki TANAKA Ralf R.MLLER Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electro-Communications Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Systems Science Graduate School of InformaticsKyoto University

This paper analyzes performance of optimal channel estimation and multiuser detection(MUD) in a block-fading code-division multiple-access (CDMA) channel on the assumptions of randomspreading and large-system limit,by using the replica method developed in statistical *** authors find that the asymptotic spectral efficiency of the linear minimum mean-squared error(LMMSE) MUD which was proposed and analyzed by Evans and Tse in 2000 is indistinguishable fromthat of the optimal MUD for small system *** results imply that performance of MUD scarcelyimproves even if one spends more computational cost than that of the LMMSE MUD,i.e.,at most thecube of the number of users,on the above-described conditions.

关键词： Channel estimation code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems multiuser detection replica method spectral efficiency.

Dissecting Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathways Involved in Cuticle Formation

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Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 926-938页

作者： Fuqiang Cui Mikael Brosche mikko T. Lehtonen Ali Amiryousefi Enjun Xu Matleena Punkkinen Jari P.T. Valkonen Hiroaki Fujii Kirk Overmyer Division of Plant Biology Viikki Plant Science Centre Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki 00014 Helsinki Finland Department of Agricultural Sciences University of Helsinki PO Box 27 00014 Helsinki Finland Department of Biochemistry Molecular Plant Biology University of Turku Turku 20014 Finland Institute of Technology University of Tartu Nooruse 1 Tartu 50411 Estonia Present address: Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The cuticle is the outer physical barrier of aerial plant surfaces and an important interaction point between plants and the environment. Many environmental stresses affect cuticle formation, yet the regulatory pathways involved remain undefined. We used a genetics and gene expression analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana to define an abscisic acid （ABA） signaling loop that positively regulates cuticle formation via the core ABA signaling pathway, including the PYR/PYL receptors, PP2C phosphatase, and SNF1-Related Protein Kinase （SnRK） 2.21SnRK2.3/SnRK2.6. Downstream of the SnRK2 kinases, cuticle formation was not regulated by the ABA-responsive element-binding transcription factors but rather by DEWAX, MYB16, MYB94, and MYB96. Additionally, low air humidity increased cuticle formation independent of the core ABA pathway and cell death/reactive oxygen species signaling attenuated expression of cuticle-biosynthesis genes. In Physcornitrella patens, exogenous ABA suppressed expression of cuticle- related genes, whose Arabidopsis orthologs were ABA-induced. Hence, the mechanisms regulating cuticle formation are conserved but sophisticated in land plants. Signaling specifically related to cuticle deficiency was identified to play a major role in the adaptation of ABA signaling pathway mutants to increased humidity and in modulating their immunity to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis. These results define a cuticle-specific downstream branch in the ABA signaling pathway that regulates responses to the external environment.

关键词： cuticle abscisic acid Arabidopsis Physcomitrella Botrytis land plants

Prospects of Deliberative Global Governance

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第4期1卷 556-565页

作者： mikko Rask Richard K. Worthington The National Consumer Research Centre Helsinki 00531 Finland Polities Department Pomona College Claremont California 91711 USA

Global governance is often equated with international institutions such as the United Nations and the World Bank that were established after World War II to address problems transcending national borders. While these institutions incorporate norms of representative democracy that evolved in national societies, their legitimacy is often questioned on grounds of limited effectiveness and remoteness from the citizens they purportedly serve. The arguments of many democratic theorists that deliberation among ordinary citizens can legitimize policies that heed these views thus bear important implications for global governance. In this paper, the possibility and different ways that civil society enhancing public participation, transparency and accountability in global governance are addressed. The empirical focus will be on the world＇s first global deliberation--WWViews （world wide views on global warming） that was held in 38 countries with all inhabited continents in 2009. The social drivers that encourage innovation in global democratic governance are analysed, as the main successes and challenges of WWViews and sketch three scenarios of the future of deliberative global governance are based on the experiences and plans around global citizen participation. The authors argue that despite some challenges, such as ensuring high quality of deliberation in highly variant policy cultural contexts and building policy pathways conducive to political impact, the prospects of deliberation in helping solve global environmental and policy problems are high, and likely to see cumulative progress in the near future.

关键词： Deliberation global governance participatory technology assessment social movements future.

Enzyme Aided Low Temperature Evaporation for Concentration of Active Proteins from Potato Fruit Juice

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第9期10卷 846-856页

作者： mikko Ahokas Sanna Taskila Juha Tanskanen Chemical Process Engineering Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland

Extraction of starch from potato leads to formation of potato fruit juice (PFJ), which consists of proteins, fibers, starch and water. PFJ contains 1% - 3% [w/w] of proteins, including protease inhibitors that are potentially valuable for various applications, and could thus bring added value to the potato industry. The use of proteins of PFJ in bioactive form is limited by lack of benign and cost-efficient concentration technologies. The present approach combines a previously introduced low-temperature mechanical vapor compression evaporation technology with option to enzymatic viscosity management in case of high-viscosity fluids. In pilot-scale evaporation, an increase of solid content from 10% to 40% was achieved without major technical challenges. The proposed method offers a low-energy means for the concentration potato industry wastewater and reclamation of valuable proteins in active form.

关键词： Potato Fruit Juice Evaporation Concentration Protein Wastewater Enzymatic Viscosity Management Starch