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Supply and Demand of a Forest Biomass in Application to the Region of South-East Finland

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2012年第1期3卷 34-42页

作者： Antti Karhunen mika Laihanen Tapio Ranta LUT Energy-Bioenergy Technology Lappeenranta University of Technology Lappeenranta Finland.

In Finland it is estimated that forest biomass will be the main source of bioenergy when meeting the national target: 38% renewable from total energy consumption by 2020. This target must become concrete for regional and local level participators of a forest industry and actions should take place in large combined heat and power generation (CHP) plants, district heating plants and independent heating systems. In energy production replacing fossil fuels with renewa-ble energy is reasonable in many cases. However, there are usually doubts about the availability and security of supply of forest biomass. The aim of this study is to introduce a systematical method for analyzing the availability and demand of forest biomass in regional and local level. This study introduces an objective method for analyzing local possibilities on where and how much the use of forest biomass could be increased. By replacing use of fossil fuels with renewable and domestic energy sources carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and dependency on imported fossil fuels can be reduced. Utilization of biomass creates also local employment on energy sector.

关键词： Forest Biomass Energy Production Energy Consumption

Biological Evaluation of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Using Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide)-Grafted Hyaluronan

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2012年第1期3卷 1-9页

作者： Kazuaki Muramatsu mika Ide Fujio Miyawaki Division of Life Science and Engineering School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Saitama Japan

In order to contribute to the development of minimally invasive surgery techniques for autologous chondrocyte implantation, a novel self-assembling biomaterial consisting of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-grafted hyaluronan (PNIPAAm-g-HA) has been synthesized as an injectable scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and cytocompatibility of PNIPAAm-g-HA to normal chondrocytes by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and histochemical staining in preliminary in vitro and in vitro experiments. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed homogeneous distribution of cells in the PNIPAAm-g-HA hydrogel in 3-dimensional in vitro cultivation. Alcian blue staining also indicated that abundant extracellular matrix formation, including acidic glycosaminoglycans, occurred in tissue-engineered cartilage over time in vitro. Cartilage-related gene expression patterns, which were tested in rabbit normal chondrocytes embedded in the hydrogel, were almost maintained for 4 weeks. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulation enhanced the expression of SRY-related HMG box-containing gene 9 (Sox9) and type X collagen genes suggesting promotion of chondrogenic differentiation. Histochemical evaluation showed neocartilage formation following subcutaneous implantation of the chondrocyte-gel mixture in nude mice. Furthermore, TGF-β1 stimulation promoted production and maturation of the extracellular matrix of the in situ tissue engineered hyaline cartilage. These data suggested that PNIPAAm-g-HA could be a promising biomaterial, i.e., a self-assembling and injectable scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.

关键词： Cartilage Tissue Engineering Hyaluronan Self-Assembly Thermally Responsive Material

Expression and contribution of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor to the melanin deposition in Liancheng white ducks

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 800-809页

作者： XIN Qing-wu MIAO Zhong-wei LIU Zhao-yuan LI Li ZHANG Lin-li ZHU Zhi-ming ZHANG Zhenghong ZHENG nen-zhu WANG Zheng-chao Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou 350013P.R.China Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences/Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007P.R.China

The present study investigates the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(MITF) and its contribution to the melanin deposition in Liancheng white *** PCR was used to clone the MITF gene sequence from the skin tissue of female Liancheng white *** spectrophotometry was used to detect the melanin *** mRNA expression and melanin deposition in different tissues and organs were detected and their correlation was *** MITF gene(GenBank number: MG516570) was 1 323 bp in length,contains a complete CDS region(34-1 323 bp) and codes 429 amino acids with 100% homology to the MITF of Anas platyrhynchos and over 95% homology to those of Gallus gallus and Coturnix *** evolution analysis reveals a close relationship of Liancheng white ducks with ***,and also to lesser extents with Anser cygnoides,silky fowl and ***,as well as Sus scrofa,Ovis aries and other ***-time quantitative PCR(qPCR) analysis demonstrated that MITF was expressed in skin,gizzard,liver,kidney and muscle,and of these tissues,its expression was the highest in the skin tissue(skin>gizzard>liver>kidney>muscle).Ultraviolet spectrophotometry showed that melanin deposition was positively correlated with the MITF expression level in these five tissues and organs(P<0.05).Together,these results demonstrated a tissue-specific pattern of MITF expression and a positive correlation between MITF expression and melanin deposition,indicating that MITF expression may contribute to the melanin deposition in Liancheng white ducks.

关键词： microphthalmia-associated transcription factor genetic evolution analysis melanin deposition Liancheng white ducks

Development of a career-orientation scale for public health nurses

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第1期3卷 16-24页

作者： mika Okura Chizuko Noro Hidenori Arai Department of Human Health Sciences Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan Department of Human Nursing Sonoda Women’s University Amagasaki Japan

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a career-orientation scale for public health nurses (PHNs) and to validate the scale. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were sent to 7170 PHNs in 10 prefectures. A retest survey was sent to 252 participants. Results: The valid responses from 2003 PHNs in the first survey were analyzed for major factors by varimax rotation. The analysis resulted in five orientation factors and 19 items being selected. The cumulative contribution ratio was 46.9%, and Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was 0.863. The exact match ratio of test-retest was 59.7% (from 47.7% to 72.1% for each item and from 12.0% to 92.0% for each participant). Conclusions: The reliability and validity of this survey were confirmed;however, further research is required to confirm the reproducibility. This scale can be used as a self-assessment tool when managers need to advise their staff on career development.

关键词： Career Orientation Development of Scale Professionalism Public Health Nurse Significance of Working

戴钧衡与桐乡书院教育——兼论清代桐城人文蔚起的重要原因

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大学教育科学 2023年第4期 107-118页

作者：程嫩生南京林业大学人文社会科学学院南京210037

桐乡书院是道光二十年(1840)戴钧衡、文聚奎等人在桐城北乡孔城创建的一所书院,其创建是桐城各地在教育上争奇斗艳、不甘落后的结果。为了表明教育导向,引导生徒合理学习,也为生徒学习提供保障,戴钧衡撰写了《书院杂议四首》,内容包括... 详细信息

桐乡书院是道光二十年(1840)戴钧衡、文聚奎等人在桐城北乡孔城创建的一所书院,其创建是桐城各地在教育上争奇斗艳、不甘落后的结果。为了表明教育导向,引导生徒合理学习,也为生徒学习提供保障,戴钧衡撰写了《书院杂议四首》,内容包括“择山长”“祀乡贤”“课经学”“藏书籍”等四个部分。戴钧衡对乡邦文化耳濡目染,他将乡邦文化纳入了桐乡书院的教育范畴。在清代桐城,具有戴钧衡这样思想的人士不少。经过一代又一代桐城人士的不懈努力,桐城之地逐渐形成了以弘扬乡邦文化、关心与支持家乡教育为重要使命这种“波涛汹涌”的文化浪潮,不断地推动了桐城文化的快速发展。清代桐城人文蔚起,也与一些人士有着“气运+人力”的激励思想有关,桐乡书院的创建就来源于这种思想的指导。

关键词：戴钧衡桐乡书院《书院杂议四首》乡邦文化 “气运+人力”

Biopolymer Films and Coatings in Packaging Applications--A Review of Recent Developments

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2014年第10期5卷 708-718页

作者： Jari Vartiainen mika Vaha-Nissi Ali Harlin VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland EspooFinland

This review covers the recent developments in the field of biobased packaging materials. Special emphasis is placed on the barrier properties, which are crucial in terms of food packaging. The state-of-the-art of several biopolymers including pectin, starch, chitosan, xylan, galactoglucomannan, lignin and cellulose nanofibrils is discussed. As in most cases the packaging related properties of single layer biopolymer films are inadequate, the thin film coatings, such as sol-gel and ALD (atomic layer deposition), as well as the multilayer coatings are also briefly touched.

关键词： Biopolymers Packaging Films and Coatings Barrier Properties

Effects of thermally modified green tea catechins on the oxidative and hydrolytic stability of butter

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Health 2009年第3期1卷 192-196页

作者： Magdalena mika Agnieszka Wikiera Krzysztof Zyla Department of Food Biotechnology Faculty of Food TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture in KrakowKrakowPoland

Green tea catechins are classified as (-)-epi-forms (2R, 3R) or (-)-forms (2S, 3R) with respect to stereoisomerism. The (-)-forms (2S, 3R) in catechin preparations obtained from green tea amounts to approximately 10% of total catechins, whereas the other 90% are (-)-epiforms (2R, 3R). High temperature induces the conversion of (-)-epiforms (2R, 3R) to (-)-forms (2S, 3R). This study investigated the effect of catechin prepa-rations containing 10, 20 and 30% (-)-forms (2S, 3R) on the oxidative and hydrolytic stability of butter. For comparison, butter with δ-tocopherol and BHT and butter without stabilizer were analysed. Butter stability was examined under conditions of refrigeration (8 oC) and freezing (-22 oC) and at temperature of 50 oC and 100 oC. Catechin preparations were more efficient butter stabilizers than BHT and δ-tocopherol. Thermal modification of catechins that led to the genera-tion of 20% of (-) forms (2S, 3R) improved their antioxidative efficacy, but longer treatment lead- ing to the formation of 30% of (-) forms (2S, 3R) decreased their antioxidative activity. The hy-drolytic stability of butter, however, increased as the amount of (-) forms (2S, 3R) increased.

关键词： Oxidative Hydrolytic Stability Antioxidants Catechins

Immunotherapy for esophageal cancer:Where are we now and where can we go

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2496-2501页

作者： Yoshiaki Shoji Kazuo Koyanagi Kohei Kanamori Kohei Tajima mika Ogimi Yamato Ninomiya Miho Yamamoto Akihito Kazuno Kazuhito Nabeshima Takayuki Nishi Masaki Mori Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Tokai University School of MedicineKanagawa 259-1193Japan

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has dramatically improved patient prognosis,and thereby transformed the treatment in various cancer types including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in the past *** antibodies that selectively inhibit programmed cell death-1(PD-1)activity has now become standard of care in the treatment of ESCC in metastatic settings,and has a high expectation to provide clinical benefit during perioperative ***,anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4(CTLA-4)monoclonal antibody has also been approved in the treatment of recurrent/metastatic ESCC in combination with anti-PD-1 *** understanding of the existing evidence of immune-based treatments for ESCC,as well as recent clinical trials on various combinations with chemotherapy for different clinical settings including neoadjuvant,adjuvant,and metastatic diseases,may provide future prospects of ESCC treatment for better patient outcomes.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor Programmed cell death-1 Anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 Neoadjuvant therapy Adjuvant therapy Clinical trials Combination therapy

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用电动纠正法去除土壤中重金属研究

中国水土保持 2002年第7期 20-21页

作者： mika Sillanp  Jurate Virkutyte University of Oulu Water Resources and Environmental Engineering laboratoryUniversity of OuluWater Resources and Environmental Engineering laboratoryTutkijantie I F2Linnanmaa PL430090014 OuluFinland90401OuluFinland