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Agricultural impacts of longwall mine subsidence:the experience in Illinois,USA and Queensland,Australia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2014年第2期1卷 207-212页

作者： Robert G.darmody R.Bauer d.Barkley S.Clarke d.hamilton Land Reclamation division Illinois Natural Resources DepartmentIllinois Prairie Research InstituteUniversity of IllinoisChampaignUSA Bandanna Energy Limited and Agricultural Coexistence Research Committee BrisbaneAustralia

Unlike conventional room and pillar underground coal mining,where subsidence is designed to be prevented,subsidence is a planned outcome of other *** include high extraction retreat,where the roof supporting pillars are systematically removed,and longwall mining,which employs a machine that mines a continuous strip of coal,thus leaving no roof *** types result in the surface dropping -70% of the mined-out *** Illinois there was a concern that farm land thus subsided would be lost to productive ***,the possibility that planned mine subsidence would be banned in Illinois lead to the creation of the Illinois Mine Subsidence Research Program in 1985 to investigate agricultural impacts of planned mine subsidence and the possibility of mitigating its *** findings established that subsidence was not as detrimental as feared and that the impacts could be *** project was a successful collaboration of state and federal governments and local ***,in Queensland,longwall mining is opposed by some in the farming *** response,Bandanna Energy,the company planning the mining,organized the Agricultural Coexistence Research Committee to oversee research into the mitigation of longwall mining *** the soils,climate,and regulatory regimes are different,concerns of the local communities are similar.

关键词： Agricultural impact Longwall mine subsidence Coal mining subsidence Subsidence mitigation

The China tuberculosis clinical trials consortium network:a model for international TB clinical trials capacity building

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 148-149页

作者： Yu-Hong Liu Shu Chen Jing-Tao Gao Yao Zhang Kimberly Booher Xiao-Fen ding Wei Shu Jian du Jing Bao Richard Hafner Carol d.hamilton Liang Li Beijing Chest Hospital Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor InstituteNo.9Beiguan AveTongzhou DistrictBeijing 101149China 不详

Background:With the second largest tuberculosis(TB)burden globally,China is committed to actively engage in international TB clinical trials to contribute to global TB ***,lack of research capacity among local sites has been identified as a *** text:The China Tuberculosis Clinical Trials Consortium(CTCTC)was initiated by Beijing Chest Hospital with investment from the US National Institutes of Health and technical support from Family Health International 360 in 2013,as a nationwide collaborative clinical trial network to strengthen selected clinical site research capacity and attract TB clinical *** program aims to:1)recruit leading hospitals that care for TB patients;2)conduct on-site assessment to identify capacity gaps and needs for improvement;3)design and deliver capacity building activities;4)attract and deliver high quality results for TB clinical trials.A total of 24 sites have joined CTCTC,covering 20 provinces in ***-two sites have been accredited by the National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)to be qualified to conduct TB clinical *** onsite assessment,extensive trainings among the CTCTC sites and young investigators have resulted in better understanding and improvement of the site capacity in conducting TB clinical *** establishment and growth of the CTCTC network has benefited from the good leadership,effective international cooperation and local *** in human resources,regulatory environment and sustainability have been challenging the network from continuing *** researchers have full-time clinical responsibilities in China and it is thus important to build a cadre of other human resources to *** regulatory environment is becoming friendlier in China to introduce international clinical trials to the CTCTC ***:The CTCTC,with mature management structure and sustainable development model,which are distilled five key lessons for other developing countr

关键词： Clinical trial consortium Tuberculosis Capacity building China

A novel artificial nerve graft for repairing longdistance sciatic nerve defects:a self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold-containing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduit

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第24期9卷 2132-2141页

作者： Xianghai Wang Mengjie Pan Jinkun Wen Yinjuan Tang Audra d.hamilton Yuanyuan Li Changhui Qian Zhongying Liu Wutian Wu Jiasong Guo department of Histology and Embryology Southern Medical University department of Histology and Embryology Xiangnan University department of Neurology Vanderbilt University department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan University Key Laboratory of Tissue Construction and detection of Guangdong Province Institute of Bone Biology Academy of Orthopedics

In this study, we developed a novel artificial nerve graft termed self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold （SAPNS）-containing poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） conduit （SPC） and used it to bridge a 10-mm-long sciatic nerve defect in the rat. Retrograde tracing, behavioral testing and histomorphometric analyses showed that compared with the empty PLGA conduit implantation group, the SPC implantation group had a larger number of growing and extending axons, a markedly increased diameter of regenerated axons and a greater thickness of the myelin sheath in the conduit. Furthermore, there was an increase in the size of the neuromuscular junction and myofiber diameter in the target muscle. These findings suggest that the novel artificial SPC nerve graft can promote axonal regeneration and remyelination in the transected peripheral nerve and can be used for repairing peripheral nerve injury.

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerve defect artificial nerve graft poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold remyelination axon myelin neuromuscular junction NSFC grants neural regeneration

Targeting KRAS in pancreatic cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 799-805页

作者： SANdRA STICKLER BARBARA RATH GERHARd.hamilton Institute of Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaViennaA-1090Austria

Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis due to late detection and lack of efficient *** Kirsten rat sarcoma virus(KRAS)oncogene is mutated in up to 90%of all pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas(PdACs)and constitutes an attractive target for ***,the most common KRAS mutations in PdAC are G12d(44%),G12V(34%)and G12R(20%)that are not amenable to treatment by KRAS G12C-directed cysteine-reactive KRAS inhibitors such as Sotorasib and Adagrasib that exhibit clinical efficacy in lung *** G12C mutant pancreatic cancer has been treated with Sotorasib but this mutation is detected only in 2%–3%of ***,the KRAS G12d-directed MRTX1133 inhibitor has entered clinical trials and more of such inhibitors are in *** other KRAS mutations may be targeted indirectly via inhibition of the cognate guanosine exchange factor(GEF)Son of Sevenless 1 that drives *** agents seem to provide the means to target the most frequent KRAS mutations in PdAC and to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer PdAC KRAS SOS1 PROTAC

Preserved liver regeneration capacity after partial hepatectomy in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 8-21页

作者： david Haldrup Sara Heeboll Karen Louise Thomsen Kasper Jarlhelt Andersen michelle Meier Frank Viborg Mortensen Jens Randel Nyengaard Stephen hamilton-dutoit Henning Gronbaek department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus C DK-8000Denmark department of Internal Medicine Randers Regional HospitalRanders NO DK-8930Denmark department of Surgical Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus C DK-8000Denmark Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced BioimagingAarhus University HospitalAarhus C DK-8000Denmark Institute of Pathology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus C DK-8000Denmark

AIM To evaluate the liver regeneration capacity(LRC) after partial hepatectomy(PH) in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHOdS Fifty-four female rats were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet(HFCd, 65% fat, 1% cholesterol) or standard diet(STd) for 16 wk. A 70% PH was performed and the animals were euthanised before PH or 2 or 5 d postPH. LRC was evaluated using: The total number of Ki-67 positive hepatocytes in the caudate lobe, N(Ki-67, lobe) evaluated in a stereology-based design, the regenerated protein ratio(RPR), prothrombin-proconvertin ratio(PP), and m RNA expression of genes related to *** The HFCd NASH model showed significant steatosis with ballooning and inflammation, while no fibrosis was present. Mortality was similar in HFCd and STd animals following PH. HFCd groups were compared to respective STd groups and HFCd animals had a significantly elevated alanine transaminase at baseline(P d bilirubin at day 2 after PH(P d animals had a higher N(Ki-67, lobe) at baseline,(P day 2 after PH(P = 0.06) and day 5 after PH(P d no significant difference in RPR or PP neither 2 or 5 d post-PH. Expression of liver regeneration genes(e.g., hepatic growth factor) was higher at both day 2 and 5 post-PH in HFCd groups(P d a preserved LRC after hepatectomy when compared to STd rats. The methods and models of NASH are essential in understanding and evaluating LRC.

关键词： Rat Non-alcoholic fatty liver Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver regeneration Hepatectomy Ki-67 Gene expression

Role of circulating tumor cell spheroids in drug resistance

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Cancer drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 762-772页

作者： Gerhard.hamilton Barbara Rath department of Surgery Medical University of ViennaVienna A-1090Austria

Cancer cell spheroids are used for drug screening as these three-dimensional(3d)assemblies recapitulate tumors more realistic than the widely employed 2d in vitro *** drug diffusion and gradients of oxygen and nutrients in spheroids represent avascular tumor regions containing quiescent and hypoxic tumor cells with high drug *** tumor cells(CTCs)effect metastatic spread and are present in high numbers in malignant diseases such as small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)and in other cancer patients with high tumor *** are heterogeneous and only a small fraction of these cells survive in the circulation and cause distal *** may circulate as single cells but small CTC clusters or CTC spheroids have been detected in cancer patients and demonstrated to possess increased metastatic *** our lab we have obtained 9 permanent SCLC CTC cell lines(BHGc7,BHGc10,BHGc16,BHGc26,BHGc27,BHGc50,BHGc59,BHGc71,and UHGc5)of distinct patients exhibiting similar characteristics and spontaneous formation of large spheroids,termed *** aggregates were shown to exhibit high drug resistance compared to the corresponding single cell *** increased metastatic capability of small circulating tumor clusters/spheroids may be explained by their role as putative precursors of tumorospheres eventually trapped in *** drug penetration and the presence of hypoxic/quiescent cells can readily account for the global drug resistance of advanced SCLC which has resulted in clinical failure of a wide range of chemotherapeutics and low ***,we have detected such tumorospheres in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients progressing under EGFR-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy which had undergone NSCLC-SCLC transformation.

关键词： Cancer spheroid circulating tumor cells small cell lung cancer non-small-cell lung cancer transformation dormancy

Maintaining Resources for Traditional Medicine: A Global Overview and a Case Study from Buganda (Uganda)

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植物分类与资源学报 2013年第4期35卷 407-423页

作者： Alan hamilton Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre d' Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive

Presentations at a session of the 13 th Congress of the International Society for Ethnobiology ( ISE,May 2012) provided a global overview of'maintaining resources for traditional medicine'. Two themes received special attention,transmission of traditional medical knowledge and conservation of medicinal plants. The consensus at the well-attended session was that traditional medicine can play a useful role in primary healthcare,including for chronic complaints and spiritual problems. However,the use of traditional medicine is declining in many places. Some practical efforts at maintaining resources for traditional medicine are described. A case study for Buganda ( Uganda) , given in greater detail,shows that progress in maintaining resources for traditional medicine can be impeded by forces not directly related to its intrinsic merits. The value of making efforts to maintain resources for traditional medicine is discussed in relation to its contribution to biocultural conservation,much needed today to counter-balance the homogenising and ecologically destabilising influences of globalisation.

关键词：植物学植物分类植物演化植物生理学生物因素

Effects of N on Plant Response to Heat-wave:A Field Study with Prairie Vegetation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1416-1425页

作者： dan Wang Scott A. Heckathorn Kumar Mainali E. William hamilton department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo Toledo Ohio 43606 USA department of Biology Washington and Lee University Lexington Virginia 24450 USA

More intense, more frequent, and longer heat-waves are expected in the future due to global warming, which could have dramatic ecological impacts. Increasing nitrogen （N） availability and its dynamics will likely impact plant responses to heat stress and carbon （C） sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. This field study examined the effects of N availability on plant response to heat-stress （HS） treatment in naturally-occurring vegetation. HS （5 d at ambient or 40.5 ℃） and N treatments （±N） were applied to 16 1 m^2 plots in restored prairie vegetation dominated by Andropogon gerardii （warm-season C4 grass） and Solidago canadensis （warm-season C3 forb）. Before, during, and after HS, air, canopy, and soil temperature were monitored; net CO2 assimilation （Pn）, quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ （ФpsⅡ）, stomatal conductance （gs）, and leaf water potential （ψw） of the dominant species and soil respiration （Rsoll） of each plot were measured daily during HS. One week after HS, plots were harvested, and C% and N% were determined for rhizosphere and bulk soil, and above-ground tissue （green/senescent leaf, stem, and flower）. Photosynthetic N-use efficiency （PNUE） and N resorption rate （NRR） were calculated. HS decreased Pn, gs, ψw, and PNUE for both species, and ＋N treatment generally increased these variables （±HS）, but often slowed their post-HS recovery. Aboveground biomass tended to decrease with HS in both species （and for green leaf mass in S. canadensis）, but decrease with ＋N for A. gerardii and increase with ＋N for S. canadensis. For A. gerardii, HS tended to decrease N% in green tissues with ＋N, whereas in S. canadensis, HS increased N% in green leaves. Added N decreased NRR for A. gerardii and HS increased NRR for S. canadensis. These results suggest that heat waves, though transient, could have significant effects on plants, communities, and ecosystem N cycling, and N can influence the effect of heat waves.

关键词： global climate change heat stress N resorption rate photosynthesis photosynthetic N-use efficiency.

developing targets for radiation transport experiments at the Omega laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第3期5卷 1-4页

作者： d.Capelli C.A.Charsley-Groffman R.B.Randolph d.W.Schmidt T.Cardenas F.Fierro G.Rivera C.hamilton J.d.Hager H.M.Johns N.E.Lanier J.L.Kline Los Alamos National Laboratory

Targets have been developed to measure supersonic radiation transport in aerogel foams usinff absorption spectroscopy. The target consists of an aerogel foam uniformly doped with either titanium or scandium inserted into an undoped aerogel foam package. This creates a localized doped foam region to provide spatial resolution for the measurement. development and characterization of the foams is a key challenge in addition to machining and assembling the two foams so they mate without gaps. The foam package is inserted into a beryllium sleeve and mounted on a gold hohlranm. The target is mounted to a holder created using additive manufacturing and mounted on a stalk. The manufacturing of the components, along with assembly and metrology of the target are described here.

关键词： absorption spectroscopy doped foams radiation transport