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Demonstrating grating-based phase-contrast imaging of laser-driven shock waves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 90-97页

作者： Leonard Wegert Stephan Schreiner Constantin Rauch Bruno Albertazzi Paulina Bleuel Eric Frojdh michel Koenig Veronika Ludwig Artem SMartynenko Pascal Meyer Aldo Mozzanica Michael Müller Paul Neumayer Markus Schneider Angelos Triantafyllidis Bernhard Zielbauer Gisela Anton Thilo michel Stefan Funk Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungPlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NurnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-StraBe 291058 ErlangenGermany LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitésEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau CedexFrance Paul Scherrer Institut(Psi) Forschungsstrasse 1115232VilligenSwitzerland Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Microstructure TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Single-shot X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to take high-resolution images of laser-driven strong shock *** a two-grating Talbot interferometer,we successfully acquire standard absorption,differential phase-contrast,and dark-field images of the shocked *** agreement is demonstrated between experimental data and the results of two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the laser-plasma *** main sources of image noise are identified through a thorough assessment of the interferometer’s *** acquired images demonstrate that grating-based phase-contrast imaging is a powerful diagnostic tool for high-energy-density *** addition,we make a novel attempt at using the dark-field image as a signal modality of Talbot interferometry to identify the microstructure of a foam target.

关键词： interaction shock phase

堆石混凝土坝概述及下一代混凝土坝施工技术展望

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 99-105页

作者： Feng Jin Duruo Huang michel Lino Hu Zhou Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China ISL Ingénierie International Commission on Large DamsParis 75016France

Over the past few decades,one of the most significant advances in dam construction has been the inven-tion of the rock-filled concrete(RFC)dam,which is constructed by pouring high-performance self-compacting concrete(HSCC)to fill the voids in preplaced large *** innovative use of large rocks in dam construction provides engineers with a material that requires less cement consumption and hydration heat while enhancing construction efficiency and environmental ***,two fundamental scientific issues related to RFC need to be addressed:namely,the pouring compactness and the effect of large rocks on the mechanical and physical properties of *** article provides a timely review of fundamental research and innovations in the design,construction,and quality control of *** for next-generation concrete dams are discussed from the perspectives of envi-ronmental friendliness,intrinsic safety,and labor savings.

关键词： Rock-filled concrete dam Pouring compactness Effect of large rocks Intelligent quality control Unmanned dam construction

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Unraveling the hydrothermal history of the Xinshuijing Na-metasomatite uranium deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt， Northwest China by coupled hydrothermal zircon U–Pb and albite Ar–Ar dating

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： JUN ZHONG MARK MIHALASKY michel CUNEY SHENG HE JUN-JIE LI National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resource Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing， Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)， Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section， Division of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology， Vienna International Center Université de Lorraine， GéoRessources CNRS State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKLLE)， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences

Na-metasomatite uranium deposits are an important type of large-tonnage low-grade uranium deposit. They are characterized by an intimate association between uranium minerals and albite， and by the common development of syn-ore hydrothermal zircons. Similar to other types of uranium deposits， constraining an accurate age of mineralization remains a challenge for the Na-metasomatite type ones. In this study， we present for the first time， an approach that combines age dating results from the syn-ore albites (40Ar-39Ar) and hydrothermal zircons （U-Pb） for a typical Na-metasomatite uranium deposit， the Xinshuijing deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt of northwest China. The hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar ages are consistent with each other （378-366 Ma; within error）， but also identical to the previously reported uraninite chemical U-Pb ages （approximately 370 Ma）. The coupled application of hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar age dating is thus regarded as a robust approach for constraining the age of mineralization for Na-metasomatite uranium deposits. An age gap of approximately 70 m.y. between uranium mineralization （～ 370 Ma） and host granitoid emplacement （about 440 Ma） suggests no direct genetic linkage between the two. Further exploration in the surrounding metamorphic units is therefore suggested， rather than only focusing on the host granitoids， especially where intensive wallrock alteration and structural features are pervasive. The varied hydrothermal zircon δ18O isotope compositions are attributed to the significant fluid-wallrock interaction during the uranium mineralization， which is consistent with our previous fluid inclusion and geochemical studies. Our study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate isotopic dating methods， which is informed by detailed paragenetic and geochemical analysis of dateable minerals formed before or coeval to the main-stage uranium mineralization. Moreover， it is underlined that the e

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中国北方盆地大规模铀成矿作用:地层篇

地质学报 2024年第7期98卷 1953-1976页

作者：程银行金若时 michel CUNEY V.A.PETROV 苗培森中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心(华北地质科技创新中心) 天津300170 中国地质调查局铀矿地质重点实验室天津300170 法国洛林大学资源学院法国NancyF54500 俄罗斯科学院矿床地质、岩石学、矿物学和地球化学研究所俄罗斯Moscow119017

“红黑”耦合沉积建造是中国北方中—新生代盆地(简称北方盆地)砂岩型铀矿的重要控矿要素之一,在勘查实践中得到了广泛证实和应用,指导发现找矿靶区和矿产地300余处,在成矿理论方面取得重要进展。本文系统总结了北方产铀盆地的60万余米... 详细信息

“红黑”耦合沉积建造是中国北方中—新生代盆地(简称北方盆地)砂岩型铀矿的重要控矿要素之一,在勘查实践中得到了广泛证实和应用,指导发现找矿靶区和矿产地300余处,在成矿理论方面取得重要进展。本文系统总结了北方产铀盆地的60万余米铀矿岩芯钻探成果,通过典型矿床赋矿层沉积学、地球化学等对比研究,系统分析了北方盆地侏罗系、白垩系、新近系等赋矿层形成的沉积环境、物质组成等,进一步明确了制约成矿流体运移、铀矿物沉淀的赋矿层条件。结果显示:①北方盆地自侏罗纪以来,发育了Ⅰ中侏罗世—晚侏罗世早期(Bathonian-Oxfordian)、Ⅱ早白垩世早期(Valanginian)、Ⅲ早白垩世晚期(Aptian)、Ⅳ晚白垩世早期(Cenomanian)、Ⅴ晚白垩世晚期—早古近纪(Campanian-Thanetian)、Ⅵ早新近纪(Aquitanian-Burdigalian)和Ⅶ晚新近纪(ZancleanPiacenzian)7期红层,与下伏富还原性组分的黑色层构成了典型的对偶沉积建造,为北方盆地大规模成矿奠定了赋矿层基础。②地球化学指标显示:红层中Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)比值介于0.29~1.47(n=78),黑层Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)比值介于0.57~53.96(n=223),赋矿层Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)比值介于1.00~26.45(n=52)。赋矿层、黑层Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)比值一般大于1,以发育黄铁矿、炭屑、油斑为特征,为相对较还原的环境。红层Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)比值一般小于1,以发育钙质结核为特征,为相对较强氧化的环境。③总有机碳含量显示红层为0~0.16%(n=107),含矿层为0.01%~2.65%(n=137),黑层为0.01%~2.66%(n=339),含矿层总有机碳含量略低于黑层,与铀矿的富集沉淀有密切关系。④砂岩型铀矿体呈“板状”或“楔状”产出于黑层顶部的灰色、灰绿色砂岩和细砂岩,甚至泥岩,红层为含氧含铀流体的运移通道,黑层为含氧含铀流体的富集沉淀的化学屏障。因此,北方盆地红层和黑层对偶沉积、旋回充填是大规模铀成矿必要的地层条件,这些认识打破常规思维,“红黑”旋回叠加导致了北方盆地多层成矿的现象,矿体一般呈板状就位于红层和黑层的过渡带,这对深入理解砂岩型铀矿成矿环境、成矿规律及成矿机理等工作和勘查工作部署具有重要实践意义。

关键词：北方中—新生代盆地砂岩型铀矿大规模成矿沉积环境赋矿层

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Liver angiogenesis as a risk factor for hepatocellularcarcinoma development in hepatitis C virus cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 5009-5014页

作者： Roberto Mazzanti Luca Messerini Camilla E Comin Lorenzo Fedeli Nathalie Gannè-Carrie michel.beaugrand Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Sezione di Oncologia Medica Centro di Eccellenza DENOthe Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi Istituto Toscano Tumori Università degli Studi di Firenze Florence Italy Dipartimento di Patologia Umana ed Oncologia Istituto Toscano Tumori Università degli Studi di Firenze Florence Italy Nathalie Gannè-Carrie Michel Beaugrand Service d'Hepato-Gastroenterologie Hopital Jean Verdier Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris et UFR SMBH-Universite Paris XIII Bondy France Nathalie Gannè-Carrie Michel Beaugrand Service d’Hepato-Gastroenterologie Hopital Jean Verdier Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris et UFR SMBH-Universite Paris XIII Bondy France

AIM： To evaluate the predictive value of hepatocyte proliferation and hepatic angiogenesis for the occurrence of Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in hepatitis C virus （HCV） cirrhotic patients.METHODS： One hundred-five patients （69 males, 36 females; age range, 51-90 year; median 66 year） with biopsy proven HCV cirrhosis were prospectively monitored for HCC occurrence for a median time of 64 too. Angiogenesis was assessed by using microvessel density （MVD）, hepatocyte turnover by MIB1 and PCNA indexes at inclusion in liver biopsies.RESULTS： Forty six patients （43.8%） developed HCC after a median time of 55 （6-120） mo while 59 （56.2%） did not. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median value of each index. The difference between patients with low （median MVD = 3; range 0-20） and high （median MVD = 7; range 1-24） MVD was statist（caUy s（gn（ficant （χ^2= 22.06; P 〈 0.0001） wh（ch was not the case for MIB1 or PCNA （MIB-I： χ^2 = 1.41; P = 0.2351; PCNA： χ^2 = 1.27; P = 0.2589）. The median MVD was higher in patients who developed HCC than in those who did not. HOe-free interval was significantly longer in patients with the MVD ≤ 4 （P = 0.0006）. No relationship was found between MIB1 or PCNA and MVD （MIB-1 r^2 = 0.00007116, P = 0.9281; PCNA： P =0.001950; P = 0.6692）. MVD only was able to predict the occurrence of HCC in these patients. Among other known risk factors for HCC, only male sex was statistically associated with an increased risk. CONCLUSION： Liver angiogenesis has a role for in HCV- related liver carcinogenesis and for defining patients at higher risk.

关键词： Liver cancer Hepatitis C virus Angiogenesis Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第17期13卷 2455-2460页

作者： Jean-Claude Trinchet Nathalie Ganne-Carrié Pierre Nahon Gisèle N’kontchou michel.beaugrand Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie Hpital Jean Verdier Assistance Publique-Hpitaux de Paris UPRES EA 3409 and UPRES EA 3410 UFR SMBH Université Paris 13 Bondy France

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide due to the high prevalence of HCV infection and the high rate of HCC occurrence in patients with HCV cirrhosis. A striking increase in HCC incidence has been observed during the past decades in most industrialized countries, partly related to the growing number of patients infected by HCV. HCC is currently the main cause of death in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, a fact that justifies screening as far as curative treatments apply only in patients with small tumors. As a whole, treatment options are similar in patients with cirrhosis whatever the cause. Chemoprevention could be also helpful in the near future. It is strongly suggested that antiviral treatment of HCV infection could prevent HCC occurrence, even in cirrhotic patients, mainly when a sustained virological response is obtained.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Hepatitis C virus Epidemiology Screening Treatment Prevention

Using Optical Tweezers to Study the Friction of the Red Blood Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 100-111页

作者： Edoukoua Jean michel Konin Pavel Yale Abadê Ange-Boris N’guessan Kouassi Benoit Kouakou Abaka michel Kouacou Eugene Megnassan Département des Sciences et Techniques Université Alassane Ouattara Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire d’Instrumentation Image et Spectroscopie (L2IS) Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Classes préparatoires aux grandes Ecoles Université de San Pedro San Pedro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physique Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

In the last two decades the study of red blood cell elasticity using optical tweezers has known a rise appearing in the scientific research with regard to the various works carried out. Despite the various work done, no study has been done so far to study the influence of friction on the red blood cell indentation response using optical tweezers. In this study, we have developed a new approach to determine the coefficient of friction as well as the frictional forces of the red blood cell. This approach therefore allowed us to simultaneously carry out the indentation and traction test, which allowed us to extract the interfacial properties of the microbead red blood cell couple, among other things, the friction coefficient. This property would be extremely important to investigate the survival and mechanical features of cells, which will be of great physiological and pathological significance. But taking into account the hypothesis of friction as defined by the isotropic Coulomb law. The experiment performed for this purpose is the Brinell Hardness Test (DB).

关键词： Friction Indentation Optical Tweezers Tribology Red Blood Cells

Dissolved Organic Matter Features of Three Adjacent Eastern Mediterranean Urbanized Watersheds

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第3期14卷 153-173页

作者： Nour Abboud Elias michel Maatouk Zeinab Matar Veronique Kazpard Research and Analysis Platform for Environmental Sciences (PRASE) Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology (EDST) The Lebanese University Rafic Hariri Campus Hadat Lebanon Laboratory of Georessources Geosciences and Environment (L2GE) Faculty of Sciences The Lebanese University Fanar Lebanon Department of Earth and Life Sciences Faculty of Sciences The Lebanese University Hadat Lebanon

Landscape urbanization broadly affects ecosystems in coastal watersheds, but, until now, the influence of nonpoint source urban inputs on dissolved organic matter (DOM) amount, composition, and source is poorly understood. To understand how DOM composition varied with urbanization, fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) were determined for urban and non-urban waters from upstream to downstream sites along three adjacent coastal watersheds that flow into the Mediterranean Sea. Two humic DOM fluorescent components (humic-like and fulvic-like peaks) and two proteinic components (tyrosine-like and tryptophane-like peaks) were identified by EEM fluorescence. The results indicated that urbanization had an important influence on DOM concentration and composition, with urban waters having a high degree of DOM variation due to different land uses surrounding each body of water. Urban waters show a higher DOM fluorescence index (FI), the highest fluorescence intensity of protein-like manifested also by BIX values, and a lower value of the humification index (HIX) than non-urban waters which were dominated by allochthonous inputs. In addition, the EEM was compared in dry and wet season where higher DOM amounts and FI appeared in summer due to autochthonous production coming from algae growth compared to allochthonous input from rainfall dominated in wet season. The concentration of DOC increased from upstream to downstream for the three rivers, especially Beirut River. The increase in DOC values was observed in both dry and wet seasons by 39 and 19 times respectively compared to upstream (0.93 - 0.91 mgC/L).

关键词： Dissolved Organic Matter DOM EEM Fluorescence Spectroscopy Autochthonous/Allochthonous DOM Urbanization Upstream/Downstream Wet/Dry Season

对电动汽车购买意愿的探索：考察外国人抵达中国后购买电动汽车意愿的影响因素

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对电动汽车购买意愿的探索：考察外国人抵达中国后购买电动汽车意...

作者： HUMBERT JEAN michel BERNARD 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士