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Acknowledgement to reviewers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第2期6卷 87-88页

作者： michel koenig Weiyan Zhang Ho-Kwang Mao Laboratoire LULI CNRSCEAEcole PolytechniqueUPMCUniv.Paris 06 Sorbonne UniversitesInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China China Academy of Engineering Physics MianyangChina Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research ShanghaiChina

In 2020,Matter and Radiation at Extremes(MRE)reached a particularly important milestone when it received its first official impact factor of 2.931,which indicates the high quality of the papers published to *** outstanding success can be attributed to the strong commitment and valuable contributions from all the *** Editors of MRE wish to express their deepest gratitude to the following individuals who generously provided advice on manuscripts as reviewers for MRE in the year of 2020.

关键词： knowledge Extreme individual

Matter and radiation at extremes:Prospects and impacts

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第1期6卷 3-4页

作者： michel koenig David Crandall Ho-Kwang Mao Ke Lan Dieter H.H.Hoffmann Weiyan Zhang Laboratoire LULI CNRSCEAEcole PolytechniqueUPMCUniv Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau cedexFrance Independent Consultant Retired from United States Department of EnergyRockvilleMaryland 20850USA Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research ShanghaiChina Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics BeijingChina Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’anChina China Academy of Engineering Physics MianyangChina

High-energy-density science(HEDS)has been recognized as a comprehensive new area of physical science,with the potential to revolutionize various scientific and technological fields,including nuclear fusion,particle acceleration,astrophysics,and the properties of condensed matter under extreme *** is why this journal,Matter and Radiation at Extremes(MRE),was established five years ago by the China Academy of Engineering Physics(CAEP)with the mission of informing the worldwide scientific community about progress related to HEDS,whether this be in the basic physics.

关键词： conditions. extreme acceleration

Direct imaging of shock wave splitting in diamond at Mbar pressure

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 90-100页

作者： Sergey Makarov Sergey Dyachkov Tatiana Pikuz Kento Katagiri Hirotaka Nakamura Vasily Zhakhovsky Nail Inogamov Victor Khokhlov Artem Martynenko Bruno Albertazzi Gabriel Rigon Paul Mabey Nicholas JHartley Yuichi Inubushi Kohei Miyanishi Keiichi Sueda Tadashi Togashi Makina Yabashi Toshinori Yabuuchi Takuo Okuchi Ryosuke Kodama Sergey Pikuz michel koenig Norimasa Ozaki Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences 13/2 Izhorskaya St.125412 MoscowRussia Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0817Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences 1-A Akademika Semenova Ave.ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432Russia LULI CNRSCEAEcole PolytechniqueUPMCUniversite Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Graduate School of Science Nagoya UniversityChikusa KuNagoyaAichi 4648602Japan Department of Physics Experimental Biophysics and Space SciencesFreie Universitat BerlinArnimallee 1414195 BerlinGermany SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute SayoHyogo 679-5198Japan RIKEN SPring-8 Center SayoHyogo 679-5148Japan Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto UniversityYoshida-honmachiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan

Understanding the behavior of matter at extreme pressures of the order of a megabar(Mbar)is essential to gain insight into various physical phenomena at macroscales—the formation of planets,young stars,and the cores of super-Earths,and at microscales—damage to ceramic materials and high-pressure plastic transformation and phase transitions in *** dynamic compression of solids up to Mbar pressures,even a solid with high strength exhibits plastic properties,causing the induced shock wave to split in two:an elastic precursor and a plastic shock *** phenomenon is described by theoretical models based on indirect measurements of material *** advent of x-ray free-electron lasers(XFELs)has made it possible to use their ultrashort pulses for direct observations of the propagation of shock waves in solid materials by the method of phase-contrast ***,there is still a lack of comprehensive data for verification of theoretical models of different ***,we present the results of an experiment in which the evolution of the coupled elastic-plastic wave structure in diamond was directly observed and studied with submicrometer spatial resolution,using the unique capabilities of the x-ray free-electron laser(XFEL).The direct measurements allowed,for the first time,the fitting and validation of the 2D failure model for diamond in the range of several *** experimental approach opens new possibilities for the direct verification and construction of equations of state of matter in the ultra-high-stress range,which are relevant to solving a variety of problems in high-energy-density physics.

关键词： shock wave solids

Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas(PowerLaPs) for plasma physics, high power laser-matter interactions and high energy density physics-theory and experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 22-26页

作者： John Pasley Georgia Andrianaki Andreas Baroutsos Dimitri Batani Emmanouil P.Benis Marco Borghesi Eugene Clark Donna Cook Emmanuel D'Humieres Vasilios Dimitriou Brendan Dromey Michael Ehret Ioannis Fitilis Anastasios Grigoriadis Satya Kar Evaggelos Kaselouris Ondrej Klimo michel koenig Kyriaki Kosma George Koundourakis Milan Kucharik Aveen Lavery Jiri Limpouch Yannis Orphanos Nektarios A.Papadogiannis Stelios Petrakis Dave Riley Maria Serena Rivetta Laura Tejada Pascual Joao Jorge Santos Alexandros Skoulakis Ioannis Tazes Vladimir Tikhonchuk Jocelain Trela Calliope Tsitou Luca Volpe Steven White Mark Yeung Michael Tatarakis York Plasma Institute University of York Technological Educational Institute of Crete School of Applied SciencesCentre for Plasma Physics and Lasers-CPPL Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA(Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications) Department of Physics University of Ioannina Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University Belfast Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague LULI-CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA:UniversitéParis-Saclay UPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne Universités CLPU Laser-Plasma Chair University of Salamanca Centro de Láseres Pulsados(CLPU) Edificio M5.Parque Cientfico.C/Adaja

The Erasmus Plus programme’Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas’,otherwise known as PowerLaPs,is *** PowerLaPs programme employs an innovative paradigm in that it is a multi-centre programme where teaching takes place in five separate institutes with a range of different aims and styles of *** ’in class’ time is limited to four weeks a year,and the programme spans two *** aims to train students from across Europe in theoretical,applied and laboratory skills relevant to the pursuit of research in laserplasma interaction physics and inertial confinement fusion(ICF).Lectures are intermingled with laboratory sessions and continuous assessment *** programme,which is led by workers from the Technological Educational Institute(TEI)of Crete,and supported by co-workers from the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux,the Czech Technical-University in Prague,Ecole Polytechnique,the University of Ioannina,the University of Salamanca and the University of York,has just completed its first *** far three Learning Teaching Training(LTT)activities have been held,at the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux and the Centre for Plasma Physics and Lasers(CPPL)of TEI *** last of these was a two-week long Intensive Programme(IP),while the activities at the other two universities were each five days in *** far work has concentrated upon training in both theoretical and experimental work in plasma physics,high power laser-matter interactions and high energy density *** nature of the programme will be described in detail and some metrics relating to the activities carried out to date will be presented.

关键词： higher education inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interactions post-graduate education

Innovative education and training in high power laser plasmas(PowerLaPs) for plasma physics, high power laser matter interactions and high energy density physics: experimental diagnostics and simulations

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第1期8卷 30-36页

作者： John Pasley Georgia Andrianaki Andreas Baroutsos Dimitri Batani Emmanouil PBenis Andrea Ciardi Donna Cook Vasilios Dimitriou Brendan Dromey Ioannis Fitilis Giancarlo Gatti Anastasios Grigoriadis Marine Huault Jose Antonio Pérez Hernández Evaggelos Kaselouris Ondrej Klimo michel koenig George Koundourakis Milan Kucharik Jiri Limpouch Richard Liska Carlos Salgado Lopez Sophia Malko Susana Olmos-Miguelanez Yannis Orphanos Valeria Ospina Nektarios APapadogiannis Stelios Petrakis Jan Psikal Maria Serena Rivetta Maria-ose Rodriguez-Conde Joao Jorge Santos Milan Sinor Alexandros Skoulakis Ioannis Tazes Laura Tejada Pascual Calliope Tsitou Pavel Vachal Luca Volpe Jiri Vyskocil Steven White Mark Yeung Ghassan Zerouli Michael Tatarakis York Plasma Institute University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DQUK Hellenic Mediterranean University Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers-IPPL74100 Rethymnon73133 ChaniaCreteGreece University of Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA(Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications)UMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance Department of Physics University of IoanninaGR 45110 IoanninaGreece LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversiesEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de Paris-F-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Observatoire de Paris 5 Place J JanssenMeudon 92195France Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Centro de Láseres Pulsados(CLPU) Edificio M5Parque CientficoC/Adaja 837185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain University of Salamanca 37008 SalamancaSpain Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PragueBrehova 711519Prague 1Czech Republic University Institute for Educational Sciences University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Group of Research“Interaction and e Learning”(GRIAL) University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain CLPU Laser-Plasma Chair at University of Salamanca 37008 SalamancaSpain

The second and final year of the Erasmus Plus programme’Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas’,otherwise known as PowerLaPs,is *** PowerLaPs programme employs an innovative paradigm in that it is a multi-centre programme,where teaching takes place in five separate institutes with a range of different aims and styles of ***’in-class’time is limited to 4 weeks a year,and the programme spans 2 *** aims to train students from across Europe in theoretical,applied and laboratory skills relevant to the pursuit of research in laser plasma interaction physics and inertial confinement *** are intermingled with laboratory sessions and continuous assessment *** programme,which is led by workers from the Hellenic Mediterranean University and supported by co-workers from the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux,the Czech Technical University in Prague,Ecole Polytechnique,the University of Ioannina,the University of Salamanca and the University of York,has just finished its second and final *** Learning Teaching Training activities have been held at the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux,the Czech Technical University,the University of Salamanca and the Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers of the Hellenic Mediterranean *** last of these institutes hosted two 2-week-long Intensive Programmes,while the activities at the other four universities were each 5 days in *** addition,a’Multiplier Event’was held at the University of Ioannina,which will be briefly *** this second year,the work has concentrated on training in both experimental diagnostics and simulation techniques appropriate to the study of plasma physics,high power laser matter interactions and high energy density *** nature of the programme will be described in detail,and some metrics relating to the activities carried out will be *** particular,this paper will f

关键词： laser plasma interactions postgraduate education

Analytical modelling of the expansion of a solid obstacle interacting with a radiative shock

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第2期6卷 123-132页

作者： Th.michel E.Falize B.Albertazzi G.Rigon Y.Sakawa T.Sano H.Shimogawara R.Kumar T.Morita C.Michaut A.Casner R Barroso P.Mabey Y.Kuramitsu S.Laffite L.Van Box Som G.Gregori R.Kodama N.Ozaki P.Tzeferacos D.Lamb M.koenig luli-cnrs ecole polytechniquecea:universite paris-saclayupmc univ paris 06:sorbonne universites-f-91128 palaiseau cedexFrance cea damdifF-91297 ArpajonFrance cea saclay dsm/irfu/service d'astrophysiqueF-91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance institute of laser engineering osaka universitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan faculty of engineering sciences kyushu university6-1 Kasuga-KoenKasugaFukuoka 816-8580Japan luth observatoire de parispsl research universitycnrsuniversite paris diderotSorbonne Paris Cite92190 MeudonFrance universite de bordeaux-cnrs-cea celia UMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance gepi observatoire de parispsl research universitycnrsuniversite paris diderotSorbonne Paris Cite75014 ParisFrance graduate school of engineering osaka universitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan lerma observatoire de parispsl research universitycnrssorbonne universitesUPMC Univ.Paris 06F-75005 ParisFrance clarendon laboratory university of oxfordParks RoadOxford OX1 3PUUK flash center for computational science university of chicagoIL 60637USA

In this paper, we present a model characterizing the interaction of a radiative shock(RS) with a solid material, as described in a recent paper(koenig et al., Phys. Plasmas, 24, 082707(2017)), the new model is then related to recent experiments performed on the GEKKO XII laser facility. The RS generated in a xenon gas cell propagates towards a solid obstacle that is ablated by radiation coming from the shock front and the radiative precursor, mimicking processes occurring in astrophysical phenomena. The model presented here calculates the dynamics of the obstacle expansion,which depends on several parameters, notably the geometry and the temperature of the shock. All parameters required for the model have been obtained from experiments. Good agreement between experimental data and the model is found when spherical geometry is taken into account. As a consequence, this model is a useful and easy tool to infer parameters from experimental data(such as the shock temperature), and also to design future experiments.

关键词： high energy density physics laser–plasmas interaction modelling plasmas astrophysics plasma physics radiative hydrodynamics radiative shock

Triggering star formation:Experimental compression of a foam ball induced by Taylor–Sedov blast waves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第3期7卷 31-39页

作者： B.Albertazzi P.Mabey Th.michel G.Rigon, J.R.Marques S.Pikuz S.Ryazantsev E.Falize L.Van Box Som J.Meinecke N.Ozaki G.Gregori M.koenig LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitesEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau cedexFrance Department of Physics Freie Universitat Berlin14195 BerlinGermany JIHT-RAS 13-2 Izhorskaya st.Moscow 125412Russia National Research Nuclear University“MEPhI ”Moscow 115409Russia CEA-DAM-DIF F-91297 ArpajonFrance Clarendon Laboratory University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUnited Kingdom Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

The interaction between a molecular cloud and an external agent(e.g.,a supernova remnant,plasma jet,radiation,or another cloud)is a common phenomenon throughout the Universe and can significantly change the star formation rate within a *** process leads to fragmentation of the cloud and to its subsequent compression and can,eventually,initiate the gravitational collapse of a stable molecular *** is,however,difficult to study such systems in detail using conventional techniques(numerical simulations and astronomical observations),since complex interactions of flows *** this paper,we experimentally investigate the compression of a foam ball by Taylor–Sedov blast waves,as an analog of supernova remnants interacting with a molecular *** formation of a compression wave is observed in the foam ball,indicating the importance of such experiments for understanding how star formation is triggered by external agents.

关键词： cloud galaxy supernova

Turbulent hydrodynamics experiments in high energy density plasmas： scientific case and preliminary results of the TurboHEDP project

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 50-64页

作者： A. Casner G. Rigon B. Albertazzi Th. michel T. Pikuz A. Faenov P. Mabey N. Ozaki Y. Sakawa T. Sano J. Ballet P. Tzeferacos D. Lamb E. Falize G. Gregori M. koenig Universite de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIA (CEntre Lasers Intenses et Applications) UMR 5107 F-33405 Talence France LULI- CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA Universite Paris-Saclay UPMC Univ Paris 06 : Sorbonne Universites -F-91128 Palaiseau cedex France ENS Lyon Universite de Lyon CHELS 69342 Lyon France Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Joint Institute for High Temperature RAS Moscow 125412 Russia Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Laboratoire AIM CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Universite Paris Diderot Departement d'Astrophysique CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France Flash Center for Computational Science University of Chicago USA CEA DAM DIF F-91297 Arpajon France Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK

The physics of compressible turbulence in high energy density(HED) plasmas is an unchartered experimental *** of compressible and radiative flows relevant for astrophysics rely mainly on subscale parameters. Therefore,we plan to perform turbulent hydrodynamics experiments in HED plasmas(TurboHEDP) in order to improve our understanding of such important phenomena for interest in both communities: laser plasma physics and astrophysics. We will focus on the physics of supernovae remnants which are complex structures subject to fluid instabilities such as the Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. The advent of megajoule laser facilities, like the National Ignition Facility and the Laser Megajoule, creates novel opportunities in laboratory astrophysics, as it provides unique platforms to study turbulent mixing flows in HED plasmas. Indeed, the physics requires accelerating targets over larger distances and longer time periods than previously achieved. In a preparatory phase, scaling from experiments at lower laser energies is used to guarantee the performance of future MJ experiments. This subscale experiments allow us to develop experimental skills and numerical tools in this new field of research, and are stepping stones to achieve our objectives on larger laser facilities. We review first in this paper recent advances in high energy density experiments devoted to laboratory astrophysics. Then we describe the necessary steps forward to commission an experimental platform devoted to turbulent hydrodynamics on a megajoule laser facility. Recent novel experimental results acquired on LULI2000, as well as supporting radiative hydrodynamics simulations, are presented. Together with the development of LiF detectors as transformative X-ray diagnostics, these preliminary results are promising on the way to achieve micrometric spatial resolution in turbulent HED physics experiments in the near future.

关键词： high energy density physics inertial confinement fusion laboratory astrophysics plasmas astrophysics

On the study of hydrodynamic instabilities in the presence of background magnetic fields in high-energy-density plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第2期6卷 37-45页

作者： M.J.-E.Manuel B.Khiar G.Rigon B.Albertazzi S.R.Klein F.Kroll F.-E.Brack T.michel P.Mabey S.Pikuz J.C.Williams M.koenig A.Casner C.C.Kuranz General Atomics San DiegoCalifornia 92121USA University of Chicago ChicagoIllinois 60637USA Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses 91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance University of Michigan Ann ArborMichigan 48109USA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany National Research Nuclear University Moscow 115409Russia Centre lasers intenses et applications 33405 Talence CedexFrance

Blast-wave-driven hydrodynamic instabilities are studied in the presence of a background B-field through experiments and simulations in the high-energy-density(HED)physics *** experiments conducted at the Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des lasers intenses(LULI),a laserdriven shock-tube platform was used to generate a hydrodynamically unstable interface with a prescribed sinusoidal surface perturbation,and short-pulse x-ray radiography was used to characterize the instability growth with and without a 10-T *** LULI experiments were modeled in FLASH using resistive and ideal magnetohydrodynamics(MHD),and comparing the experiments and simulations suggests that the Spitzer model implemented in FLASH is necessary and sufficient for modeling these planar *** results suggest insufficient amplification of the seed B-field,due to resistive diffusion,to alter the hydrodynamic *** the ideal-MHD simulations did not represent the experiments accurately,they suggest that similar HED systems with dynamic plasma-β(=2μ_(0)ρv^(2)/B^(2))values of less than∼100 can reduce the growth of blast-wave-driven Rayleigh–Taylor *** findings validate the resistive-MHD FLASH modeling that is being used to design future experiments for studying B-field effects in HED plasmas.

关键词： field. hydrodynamic instabilities