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Progress towards onchocerciasis elimination in the participating countries of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control: epidemiological evaluation results

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 557-581页

作者： Afework H.Tekle Honorath G.M.Zouré Mounkaila Noma michel boussinesq Luc E.Coffeng Wilma A.Stolk Jan H.F.Remme African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control OuagadougouBurkina Faso Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD) MontpellierFrance Department of Public Health Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands 120 rue des Campanules OrnexFrance

Background:The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control(APOC)was created in 1995 to establish community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTi)in order to control onchocerciasis as a public health problem in 20 African countries that had 80%of the global disease *** research showed that CDTi may ultimately eliminate onchocerciasis infection,APOC was given in 2008 the additional objective to determine when and where treatment can be safely *** report the results of epidemiological evaluations undertaken from 2008 to 2014 to assess progress towards elimination in CDTi areas with≥6 years ***:Skin snip surveys were undertaken in samples of first-line villages to determine the prevalence of *** *** were two evaluation *** decline in prevalence was evaluated in phase *** and model-predicted prevalences were compared after correcting for endemicity level and treatment *** statistics and Monte Carlo simulation were used to classify the decline in prevalence as faster than predicted,on track or *** the prevalence approached elimination levels,phase 1B was launched to determine if treatment could be safely *** sampling was extended to the whole CDTi *** data were analysed within a Bayesian framework to determine if stopping criteria(overall prevalence<1.4%and maximum stratum prevalence<5%)were ***:In phase 1A 127665 people from 639 villages in 54 areas were *** prevalence had fallen *** decline in prevalence was faster than predicted in 23 areas,on track in another 23 and delayed in eight *** phase 1B 108636 people in 392 villages were examined in 22 areas of which 13 met the epidemiological criteria for stopping ***,32 areas(25.4 million people)had reached or were close to elimination,18 areas(17.4 million)were on track but required more years treatment,and in eight areas(10.4 million)progress was unsatisfactory.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Ivermectin APOC Elimination Community-directed treatment ONCHOSIM

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Epidemiology of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy in the Mbam and Sanaga river valleys of Cameroon:impact of more than 13 years of ivermectin

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1191-1201页

作者： Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Godwin Tatah Earnest Njih Tabah Leonard Ngarka Leonard Njamnshi Nfor Samuel Eric Chokote michel KMengnjo Fidele Dema Aurelien Tele Sitouok Grace Nkoro Felicien ENtone Anne-Cecile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek Cedric BChesnais michel boussinesq Robert Colebunders Alfred K.Njamnshi Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Neurology Department YaoundeCentral HospitalYaoundeCameroon Neurology Department CH Saint-NazaireSaint-NazaireFrance Neuroscience Laboratory FMBSThe University of YaoundeIYaoundeCameroon Ministry of Public Health YaoundeCameroon Neurology Department CHU BrugmanBrusselsBelgium Yoko District Hospital YaoundeCameroon UMI 233 Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement(IRD)MontpellierFrance UniversiteMontpellier MontpellierFrance INSERM Unite1175 MontpellierFrance Brain Research Africa Initiative(BRAIN) YaoundeCameroon.

Background:A high epilepsy prevalence has been reported in several onchocerciasis-endemic villages along the Mbam and Sanaga river valleys in Cameroon,including Bilomo and *** sought to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in these two villages following more than 13 years of community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI).Methods:Door-to-door surveys were performed on the entire resident population in the villages in August 2017 and January *** was diagnosed using a 2-step approach:administration of a standardized 5-item questionnaire followed by confirmation by a *** published diagnostic criteria for onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)were ***16 serology was done for children aged 7-10 years to assess onchocerciasis *** were compared with previous data from these two ***:A total of 1525 individuals(1321 in Bilomo and 204 in Kelleng)in 233 households were surveyed in both *** crude prevalence of epilepsy was 4.6%in Bilomo(2017)and 7.8%in Kelleng(2018),including 12(15.6%of cases)persons with epilepsy(PWE)with nodding *** age and sex-standardized prevalence in Kelleng decreased from 13.5%in 2004 to 9.3%in 2018(P<0.001).The median age of PWE shifted from 17(IQR:12-22)years to 24(IQR:20-30)years in Bilomo(P<0.001);and slightly from 24(IQR:14-34)years to 28(IQR:21.25-36.75)years in Kelleng(P=0.112).Furthermore,47.6%of all tested children between 7 and 10 years had Ov16 ***:There is a decrease in epilepsy prevalence after 13 years and more of CDTI in both *** age-shift observed in PWE suggests that ivermectin may prevent OAE in younger ***16 seropositivity in children indicates ongoing onchocerciasis transmission possibly due to suboptimal control *** findings support the existence of OAE in Cameroon and highlight the need to strengthen onchocerciasis elimination programs.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Ov16 rapid diagnostic test Ivermectin Cameroon

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Report of the first international workshop on onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 238-242页

作者： Robert Colebunders michel Mandro Alfred K.Njamnshi michel boussinesq An Hotterbeekx Joseph Kamgno Sarah O’Neill Adrian Hopkins Patrick Suykerbuyk Maria-Gloria Basanez Rory J.Post Belen Pedrique Pierre-Marie Preux Wilma A.Stolk Thomas B.Nutman Richard Idro Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Provincial Health Division of Ituri BuniaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Yaounde Central Hospital/University of Yaounde 1Brain Research Africa Initiative(BRAIN)YaoundeCameroon Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement(IRD) MontpellierFrance Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde 1YaoundeCameroon Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Neglected and Disabling Diseases of Poverty Consultant KentUK London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Imperial College LondonLondonUK London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine and Liverpool John Moores University LondonUK Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative GenevaSwitzerland Preux Pierre-Marie INSERMUniversity LimogesCHU LimogesUMR_S 1094Tropical NeuroepidemiologyInstitute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical NeurologyCNRS FR 3503 GEIST87000 LimogesFrance Department of Public Health Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Centre RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA Makerere University College of Health SciencesKampalaUganda

Background:Recently,several epidemiological studies performed in Onchocerca volvulus-endemic regions have suggested that onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)may constitute an important but neglected public health problem in many countries where onchocerciasis is still *** text:On October 12-14th 2017,the first international workshop on onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)was held in Antwerp,*** workshop was attended by 79 participants from 20 different *** research findings strongly suggest that *** is an important contributor to epilepsy,particularly in meso-and hyperendemic areas for *** with *** is associated with a spectrum of epileptic seizures,mainly generalised tonic-clonic seizures but also atonic neck seizures(nodding),and stunted *** is characterised by an onset of seizures between the ages of 3-18 *** working groups discussed topics such as how to 1)strengthen the evidence for an association between onchocerciasis and epilepsy,2)determine the burden of disease caused by OAE,3)prevent OAE,4)improve the treatment/care for persons with OAE and affected families,5)identify the pathophysiological mechanism of OAE,and 6)deal with misconceptions,stigma,discrimination and gender violence associated with *** OAE Alliance was created to increase awareness about OAE and its public health importance,stimulate research and disseminate research findings,and create partnerships between OAE researchers,communities,advocacy groups,ministries of health,non-governmental organisations,the pharmaceutical industry and funding ***:Although the exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying OAE remains unknown,there is increasing evidence that by controlling and eliminating onchocerciasis,OAE will also ***,OAE constitutes an additional argument for strengthening onchocerciasis elimination *** the high numbers of people with epilepsy

关键词： Onchocerciasis Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Nakalanga syndrome Prevalence Burden of disease Africa

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On Some Elliptic Problems in Unbounded Domains

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 597-606页

作者： michel CHIPOT Dedicated to Philippe G. Ciarlet on the occasion of his 80th birthda

The author presents a method allowing to obtain existence of a solution for some elliptic problems set in unbounded domains,and shows exponential rate of convergence of the approximate solution toward the solution.

关键词： Elliptic Exponential convergence Unbounded domains

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A new family of carbonaceous cathodes for rechargeable batteries through electronic structure tuning engineering

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 7-8页

作者： michel Armand Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies Basque Research and Technology Alliance

Electric vehicles(EVs) and grid storage for renewable energies will require batteries in tens of millions of tons, and thus they need to be sustainable. EVs call also for batteries with higher energy density than currently available, and this value is intrinsically limited by the properties of the transition metal oxide(TMO) cathodes [1]. There are two possible strategies to overcome these limitations: i) increase the operating voltage in the >4.4 V range; and ii) attempt to use more than one electron per transition metal [2]. The first strategy faces problems of electrolyte stability limit and oxygen evolution, and thus safety hazards. The second is limited to vanadium and nickel, but using only1.3 electrons for the former,

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Complete Coulomb stress changes induced by the Ms7.6 earthquake in Lancang-Gengma, Yunnan and triggering of aftershocks by dynamic and static stress

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1655-1662页

作者： michel BOUCHON Université Joseph Fourier F38041 Grenoble France

The spatiotemporal evolution patterns of complete Coulomb stress changes caused by 1988 Ms7.6 earthquake in Lancang-Gengma, Yunnan, are calculated and studied. And the triggering problems of Ms7.2 Gengma shock occurring 13 minutes after the main shock and of Ms5.0―6.9 aftershocks within 24 days after the main shock are discussed. The results show that the spatial distribution patterns of complete Coulomb stress changes of the Ms7.6 main shock are strongly asymmetric. The areas of positive dynamic and static Coulomb stress are both coincident well with the strong aftershocks' loca-tions. The Ms7.2 Gengma shock and most of strong aftershocks are subjected to the triggering effect of dynamic and static Coulomb stresses induced by the Ms7.6 Lancang earthquake.

关键词： complete Coulomb stress changes,dynamic and static stress triggering,earthquakes in Yunnan

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New Partial Geometric Difference Sets and Partial Geometric Difference Families

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2017年第5期33卷 591-606页

作者： Jerod michel School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China

Using Galois rings and Galois fields, we construct several infinite classes of partial geometric difference sets, and partial geometric difference families, with new parameters. Furthermore, these partial geometric difference sets(and partial geometric difference families) correspond to new infinite families of directed strongly regular graphs. We also discuss some of the links between partially balanced designs, 2-adesigns(which were recently coined by Cunsheng Ding in "Codes from Difference Sets"(2015)), and partial geometric designs, and make an investigation into when a 2-adesign is a partial geometric design.

关键词： Partial geometric design cyclotomic class directed strongly regular graph partial geometric difference set partial geometric difference family

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Conodont evolution and stratotype sign of carboniferous Tournaisian-Visean boundary in South China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2131-2141页

作者： michel Coen Louvian University of Belgium B-1348 Louvian-la-Neuve Belgium

A stratotype section, boundary point and conodont sign have been recommended for GSSP of the Tournaisian-Visean boundary, based on studies of sectional sedimentology, conodont facies and phylogeneses in South China. Two areas representing margin and inner of the Yangtzi Plate and three sections of different facies were chosen, i.e. the Longdianshan sec-tion of the platform facies in Liuzhou of Guangxi, the Yudong section of the ramp facies in Shidian of Yunnan and the Pengchong section of the basin facies in Liuzhou of Guangxi. Stratigraphic frameworks of two areas were set up by systematical studies of carbonate facies and cycles. Conodont facies-distribution and paleoecologic conditions were researched on statistics of fossil variation and richness, and a kind of planktonic conodont, gnathodids that were widespread, is chosen to select the sign-fossil from it. Seven conodont pedigrees were supplemented or erected by studies of statistics and transitional forms. Conodont evolution in the Early Carboniferous could be divided into three stages, i.e. the Siphonodella stage, the Gnathodus typicus stage and the Gnathodus bilineatus stage. The transform-surface between the later two stages could be put as the Tournaisian-Visean boundary. Finally, this paper proposes that the Pengchong section can be the stratotype candidate of the Tournaisian-Visean boundary, the boundary point be put at the bottom of bed 58 and the stratotype sign of conodont be the first occurrence of Gnathodus praebilineatus of the Gnathodus semiglaber branch.

关键词： Tournaisian-Visean boundary, global stratotype, conodont evolution.

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Which algebraic groups are Picard varieties?

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Science China Mathematics 2015年第3期58卷 461-478页

作者： BRION michel Institut Fourier Universit'e de Grenoble

We show that every connected commutative algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 is the Picard variety of some projective variety having only finitely many non-normal *** contrast,no Witt group of dimension at least 3 over a perfect field of prime characteristic is isogenous to a Picard variety obtained by this construction.

关键词： algebraic group Picard variety pinching

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On the Order of Magnitude of the Divisor Function

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第2期22卷 377-382页

作者： michel WEBER Mathmatique Universit Louis-Pasteur et G.N.R.S.7 rue Rene Descartes. 67084-Strasbourg Cedex France

Let D be an increasing sequence of positive integers, and consider the divisor functions：d（n, D） =∑d｜n,d∈D,d≤√n1, d2（n,D）=∑[d,δ]｜n,d,δ∈D,[d,δ]≤√n1,where [d,δ]=1.c.m.（d,δ）. A probabilistic argumen... 详细信息

关键词： Divisor function Prime divisors Bernoulli random walk

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