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The Effects of Exercise on Serum Chemistry, Non-Esterified Fatty Acid, Insulin and Glucagon Dynamics during a 400 Meter Sprint in Racing Greyhounds

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Open j.urnal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 142-151页

作者： michael j. bell Emily M. Donaldson Sabine Mann Robert L. Gillette Corri B. Levine j.seph j. Wakshlag Craigieburn Animal Hospital 9 Craigieburn Rd. Craigieburn Australia Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Ithaca NY USA Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Population Medicine Ithaca NY USA Red Bank Referral Center Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Red Bank NJ USA

The effects of Greyhound racing on plasma insulin, glucagon and non-esterified fatty acid have not been extensively studied. We sought to examine the effects of exercise in 19 greyhounds trialed over 400 meters on serum biochemistry, osmolality, nonessential fatty acids, and the maj.r glucoregulatory hormones insulin and glucagon, before and after racing. Due to the non-traditional dietary patterns of many racing Greyhounds, the diet was analyzed for macro and micro-nutrient assessment to determine adequacy of the diet. Many significant biochemical changes were observed and agreed with previous studies, except for low resting glucose, low post-exercise globulin and phosphorus concentrations, and a high CK both before and after exercise. Insulin concentrations increased 10 minutes post-exercise which might be a result of the rise in serum glucose observed. Non-esterified fatty acids decreased 10 minutes post-exercise, as a likely result of the insulin facilitated cellular uptake of fatty acids early in recovery. Glucagon concentrations did not change after exercise despite the rise in insulin. The diet analysis found some mineral deficiencies in sodium, selenium, iodine and copper;and contained a far higher protein and fat content, being atypical of diets that have been shown to improve the performance in racing Greyhounds.

关键词： Greyhound Insulin Glucagon Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Glucose

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Rethinking the egg

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 81-82页

作者： michael j.Benton School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Our image of early dinosaur eggs must change. Early dinosaur eggs are portrayed as soft-shelled, like those of modern lizards or snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dinosaurs at least laid leathery-shel...

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Universal Hyperthermal Model for Mass Extinctions

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j.urnal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 704-707页

作者： michael j.Benton Paleobiology Research Group School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolLife Sciences BuildingTyndall AvenueBristolBS81TQUK

INTRODUCTION Earth scientists have long sought universal features of past extinction *** can be argued that each past extinction event was a singularity,caused by combinations of circumstances that are unique in each case,and therefore that the search for common causes is ***,a key feature of the uniformitarian approach to geology is that past processes are the same as modern-day processes and,with that in mind,earth scientists are keen to use their knowledge to contribute some understanding to the study of the present and future climate crisis.

关键词： extinction singularity Extinction

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Optimizing oncolytic virus design:a“Swiss army knife”approach to create a systemically delivered therapeutic

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： Carolina S.Ilkow j.hn Cameron bell Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a recent paper published in Nature Biotechnology,Chen et al.1 describe a multiplex oncolytic virus platform that coupled with adoptive T cell therapy could solve the problem of repeat,systemic delivery of virus based *** is widely accepted that multi-targeted therapeutic approaches attacking several facets of cancer biology are necessary to effectively deal with the tumor heterogeneity that exists within and between patients.

关键词： therapeutic al. targeted

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Harnessing naturally occurring mutations for T-cell therapy:a potential new avenue to enhance treatment efficacy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1799-1801页

作者： michael Hiltensperger j.rgen Ruland Kilian Schober Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany TranslaTUM Center for Translational Cancer ResearchTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) HeidelbergGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site MunichMunichGermany FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Garcia et *** a sophisticated approach to identify fitness-enhancing mutations for T cells that was inspired by cancer evolution.1 The identified CARD11-PIK3R3 gene fusion enhanced tumor rej.ction and persistence of engineered T cells in multiple tumor models and might have the potential to improve efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapies in cancer patients.

关键词： cancer potential

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Dietary fibre effects and the interplay with exogenous carbohydrases in poultry nutrition

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： michael R.Bedford Birger Svihus Aaron j.Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingredients Ltd Norwegian University of Life Sciences DSM Nutritional Products

A comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal production is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coupled with significant analytical complexity,interact with poorly defined host and microbiome relationships. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut development, feed intake and passage rate, nutrient absorption, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut p H, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gaps persist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal production, there is substantial interest in optimizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as improved welfare,live performance and to reduce the environmental footprint of animal production systems. In order to achieve these aspirational goals, it is important to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as protein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical,mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be explored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in parallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for speciation. To further complicate subj.ct, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying capacity to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will explore the interactive space between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibre Carbohydrase Nutrition Microbiome Gastro-intestinal development Feed

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Mathematical beauty and Palladian architecture:Measuring and comparing visual complexity and diversity

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 729-740页

作者： j. Hyun Lee michael j.Ostwald School of Built Environment Faculty of ArtsDesign&ArchitectureThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Palladio’s design principles,including proportion and harmony,have often been associated with mathematical definitions of ***,the geometric and semantic properties of his fac¸ades have rarely been analysed in a holistic *** is little evidence of how mathematical beauty may be embodied in his *** research investigates complexity(fractal dimension or D)and diversity(perplexity or PP)as aesthetic indices,aiming to capture distinct characteristics of Palladian *** D and PP values of 22 Palladian villa fac¸ades are measured and analysed,before being compared with those of three Renaissance facades by Sebastiano *** combination of D and PP captures the geometric and semantic aesthetic qualities of architectural ***,the developed scatter plot of D and PP results supports the identification of four distinct aesthetic types of Palladian fac¸ade *** novel combination of D and PP measures contributes to a better understanding of one definition of the mathematical beauty of architecture,wherein“the whole is other than the sum of the parts”in compositional terms(a famous Gestalt principle).Specifically,this research provides new mathematical insights into the visual character of Palladian architecture and compares two important measures thereof.

关键词： Palladian architecture Complexity Diversity Mathematical beauty Perplexity Fac¸ade design

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Primary and Secondary Microplastic and Nanoplastic Regulations: Perspectives on Water Industry Impacts

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j.urnal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 697-715页

作者： Shirin Estahbanati Giridhar Upadhyaya Martha j. M. Wells Katherine Y. bell Brown and Caldwell New York NY USA Brown and Caldwell Irvine CA USA EnviroChem Services Cookeville TN USA Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

Plastic pollution, both primary and secondary, is an environmental challenge, prompting regulatory actions at global and regional levels. With increasing research about the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ecosystems and human health, governments worldwide have undertaken efforts to address this issue. The global community has advanced regulatory efforts that have led to the implementation of national laws or regulations in numerous countries. These measures ban or restrict the use of primary and secondary microplastics and nanoplastics. An overview of global and European regulatory frameworks is presented to provide context for the United States (US). In the endeavor to document plastics regulation development in the US, a description of regulatory agencies and their roles in advancing policy and rules as well as future direction and areas for improvement in regulating plastics are introduced. A discussion of what emerging regulations mean to utilities and industries is also provided along with a comparison of regulatory frameworks.

关键词： Microplastic Regulation Environmental Governance Plastic Pollution Mitigation Regulatory Framework

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Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain inj.ry in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery L.Miller Nathan K.Evanson j.michael Taylor University of Cincinnati College of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain inj.ry in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain inj.ry,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a dj.vant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh j.ne 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain inj.ry and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain inj.ry,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subj.cts where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both obj.ctive and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain inj.ry,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain inj.ry and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain inj.ry is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain inj.ry

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Evaluating Methods of Visual Assistance for Workers to Improve Quality and Usability in Individualized Kitchen Cabinet Assembly

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j.urnal of Computer and Communications 2024年第2期12卷 156-172页

作者： Albert Eff michael S. j. Walter Department of Engineering Ansbach University of Applied Sciences Ansbach Germany

In times of digitalisation, visual assistance systems in assembly are increasingly important. The design of these assembly systems needs to be highly complex to meet the requirements. Due to the increasing number of variants in production processes, as well as shorter innovation and product life cycles, assistance systems should improve quality and reduce complexity of assembly processes. However, many large kitchen manufacturers still assemble kitchen cabinets manually, due to the high variety of components, such as rails and fittings. This paper focuses on the analysis and evaluation of virtual assistance systems to improve quality and usability in individualised kitchen cabinet assembly processes at a large German manufacturer. A solution is identified and detailed.

关键词： Digitalisation Assembly Process Visual Assistance Usability Human-Centred Assembly Design

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