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Arabidopsis HIPP proteins regulate endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of CKX proteins and cytokinin responses.

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1918-1934页

作者： Tianqi Guo Henriette Weber michael C.E.Niemann Lisa Theisl Georgeta Leonte Ondrej Novak Tomas Werner Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences(DCPS)Freie Universitat BerlinAlbrecht-Thaer-Weg 614195 BerlinGermany Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas School of Life Science of Jiaying University514015 Mei ZhouChina lnstitute of Biology University of GrazSchubertstraβe 518010 GrazAustria Laboratory of Growth Regulators Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchPalacky University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR78371 OlomoucCzech Republic

Eukaryotic organisms are equipped with quality-control mechanisms that survey protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and remove non-native proteins by er-associated degradation (erAD). Recent research has shown that cytokinin-degrading CKX proteins are subjected to erAD during plant development. The mechanisms of plant erAD, including the export of substrate proteins from the er, are not fully understood and the molecular components involved in the erAD of CKX are unknown. We show that heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant proteins (HIPP) interact specifically with CKX proteins synthesized in the er and processed by erAD. CKX-HIPP protein complexes were detected at the er as well as in the cytosol, suggesting that the complexes involve retrotranslocated CKX protein species. Altered CKX levels in HIPP-overexpressing and higher-order hipp mutant plants suggest that the studied HIPP proteins control the erAD of CKX. Deregulation of CKX proteins caused corresponding changes in the cytokinin signaling activity and triggered typical morphological cytokinin responses. Notably, transcriptional repression of HIPP genes by cytokinin indicates a feedback regulatory mechanism of cytokinin homeostasis and signaling responses. Moreover, the loss of HIPP genes constitutively activates the unfolded protein response and compromises the er stress tolerance, supporting the conclusion that HIPPs represent novel functional components of plant erAD.

关键词： Arabidopsis remove folding

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Differences between amorphous indium oxide thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第5期23卷 475-480页

作者： D.Bruce Buchholz Li Zeng michael J.Bedzyk Robert P.H.Chang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University

A series of 60~nm thick indium oxide thin-films,all amorphous as determined by x-ray diffraction,were found to have physical and electrical properties that depended on the temperature of *** carrier mobility and flm conductivity decreased with decreasing deposition temperature;the best electrical properties of high mobility and conductivity were observed at a deposition temperature just below the temperature at which crystalline films *** density of the flm also decreased with deposition temperature from 7.2g/cm3 at+50℃ to 5.3g/cm3 at 100℃.

关键词： Transparent conducting oxide Semiconductor Oxide Amorphous Deposition temperature

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Enhancing the soil and water assessment tool model for simulating N_(2)O emissions of three agricultural systems

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第2期3卷 17-29页

作者： Qichun Yang Xuesong Zhang michael Abraha Stephen Del Grosso G.P.Robertson Jiquan Chen Joint Global Change Research Institute Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryCollege ParkMaryland 20740 USA Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824 USA W.K.Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State UniversityHickory CornersMichigan 49060 USA Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureFort CollinsColorado 80526 USA Department of Plant Soiland Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824 USA Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824 USA

Nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)is a potent greenhouse gas(GHG)contributing to global warming,with the agriculture sector as the major source of anthropogenic N_(2)O emissions due to excessive fertilizer *** is an urgent need to enhance regional-/watershed-scale models,such as Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT),to credibly simulate N_(2)O emissions to improve assessment of environmental impacts of cropping ***,we integrated the DayCent model’s N_(2)O emission algorithms with the existing widely tested crop growth,hydrology,and nitrogen cycling algorithms in SWAT and evaluated this new tool for simulating N_(2)O emissions in three agricultural systems(i.e.,a continuous corn site,a switchgrass site,and a smooth brome grass site which was used as a reference site)located at the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center(GLBRC)scale-up fields in southwestern *** three systems represent different levels of management intensity,with corn,switchgrass,and smooth brome grass(reference site)receiving high,medium,and zero fertilizer application,*** indicate that the enhanced SWAT model with default parameterization reproduced well the relative magnitudes of N_(2)O emissions across the three sites,indicating the usefulness of the new tool(SWAT-N_(2)O)to estimate long-term N_(2)O emissions of diverse cropping ***,parameter calibration can significantly improve model simulations of seasonality of N_(2)O fluxes,and explained up to 22.5%-49.7%of the variability in field *** sensitivity analysis indicates that climate change(e.g.,changes in precipitation and temperature)influences N_(2)O emissions,highlighting the importance of optimizing crop management under a changing climate in order to achieve agricultural sustainability goals.

关键词： agriculture climate change greenhouse gas sensitivity analysis

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OR^His, a Natural Variant of OR, Specifically Interacts with Plastid Division Factor ARC3 to Regulate Chromoplast Number and Carotenoid Accumulation

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Molecular Plant 2020年第6期13卷 864-878页

作者： Tianhu Sun Hui Yuan Cheng Chen Deena K.Kadirjan-Kalbach michael Mazourek Katherine W.Osteryoung Li Li Robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Chromoplasts are colored plastids that synthesize and store massive amounts of *** number and size define the sink strength for carotenoid accumulation in ***,nothing is known about the mechanisms controlling chromoplast ***,a natural allele of Orange(OR),OR^His,was found to promote carotenoid accumulation by activating chromoplast differentiation and increasing carotenoid biosynthesis,but cells in orange tissues in melon fruit and cauliflower OR mutant have only one or two enlarged *** this study,we investigated an OR^His variant of Arabidopsis OR,genetically mimicking the melon OR^His allele,and found that it also constrains chromoplast number in Arabidopsis *** in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that OR^His specifically interacts with the Membrane Occupation and Recognition Nexus domain of ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 3(ARC3),a crucial regulator of chloroplast *** further showed that OR^His interferes with the interaction between ARC3 and PARALOG OF ARC6(PARC6),another key regulator of chloroplast division,suggesting a role of OR^His in competing with PARC6 for binding to ARC3 to restrict chromoplast *** or knockout of ARC3 in Arabidopsis OR^His plants significantly alters total carotenoid ***,overexpression of the plastid division factor PLASTID DIVISION 1 greatly enhances carotenoid *** division factors likely alter carotenoid levels via their influence on chromoplast number and/or *** together,our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the machinery controlling chromoplast number and highlight a potential new strategy for enhancing carotenoid accumulation and nutritional value in food crops.

关键词： ARC3 carotenoid chromoplast number OR^His PARC6 PDV1 plastid division

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Two Poplar Glycosyltransferase Genes, PdGATL 1.1 and PdGATL1.2, Are Functional Orthologs to PARVUS/AtGATL 1 in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 1040-1050页

作者： Yingzhen Kong Gongke Zhou Utku Avci Xiaogang Gu Chelsea Jones Yanbin Yin Ying Xu michael G. Hahn Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA BioEnergy Science Center The University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA Computational System Biology Lab Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Several genes in Arabidopsis, including PARVUS/AtGATL1, have been implicated in xylan synthesis. However, the biosynthesis of xylan in woody plants, where this polysaccharide is a major component of wood, is poorly understood. Here, we characterize two Populus genes, PdGATL 1.1 and PdGATL 1.2, the closest orthologs to the Arabidopsis PARVUS/GATL1 gene, with respect to their gene expression in poplar, their sub-cellular localization, and their ability to complement the parvus mutation in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of the two poplar genes in the parvus mutant rescued most of the defects caused by the parvus mutation, including morphological changes, collapsed xylem, and altered cell wall monosaccharide composition. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that PdGATL1.1 is expressed most strongly in developing xylem of poplar. In contrast, PdGATL1.2 is expressed much more uniformly in leaf, shoot tip, cortex, phloem, and xylem, and the transcript level of PdGATL1.2 is much lower than that of PdGATL 1.1 in all tissues examined. Sub-cellular localization experiments showed that these two proteins are localized to both er and Golgi in comparison with marker proteins resident to these sub-cellular compartments. Our data indicate that PdGATLI.1 and PdGATL1.2 are functional orthologs of PARVUS/ GATL1 and can play a role in xylan synthesis, but may also have role（s） in the synthesis of other wall polymers.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana poplar xylan glycosyltransferase.

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Deep brain stimulation for Tourette’s syndrome

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第1期9卷 20-38页

作者： Wenying Xu Chencheng Zhang Wissam Deeb Bhavana Patel Yiwen Wu Valerie Voon michael S.Okun Bomin Sun Department of Functional Neurosurgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineRuijin Hospital197 Ruijin Er RoadShanghai 200025China Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608USA Department of Neurology&Institute of Neurology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Psychiatry University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Tourette syndrome(TS)is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of multiple motor and vocal *** usually co-occurs with one or multiple psychiatric *** behavioral and pharmacological treatments for TS are available,some patients do not respond to the available *** these patients,TS is a severe,chronic,and disabling *** recent years,deep brain stimulation(DBS)of basal ganglia-thalamocortical networks has emerged as a promising intervention for refractory TS with or without psychiatric *** major challenges need to be addressed to move the field of DBS treatment for TS forward:(1)patient and DBS target selection,(2)ethical concerns with treating pediatric patients,and(3)DBS treatment optimization and improvement of individual patient outcomes(motor and phonic tics,as well as functioning and quality of life).The Tourette Association of America and the American Academy of Neurology have recently released their recommendations regarding surgical treatment for refractory ***,we describe the challenges,advancements,and promises of the use of DBS in the treatment of *** summarize the results of clinical studies and discuss the ethical issues involved in treating pediatric *** aim is to provide a better understanding of the feasibility,safety,selection process,and clinical effectiveness of DBS treatment for select cases of severe and medically intractable TS.

关键词： Tourette syndrome Deep brain stimulation Capsulotomy Adaptive close loop Connectivity

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The Interaction of Spinach Nitrite Reductase with Ferredoxin： A Site-Directed Mutation Study

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 407-415页

作者： Masakazu Hirasawa Jatindra N. Tripathy Ramasamy Somasundaram michael K. Johnson Megha Bhalla James R Allen David B. Knaff Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409-1061 USA Department of Chemistry University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-1604 USA Institute for Biotechnology and Genomics Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409-1061 USA

A series of site-directed mutants of the ferredoxin-dependent spinach nitrite reductase has been characterized and several amino acids have been identified that appear to be involved in the interaction of the enzyme with ferredoxin. In a complementary study, binding constants to nitrite reductase and steady-state kinetic parameters of site-directed mutants of ferredoxin were determined in an attempt to identify ferredoxin amino acids involved in the interaction with nitrite reductase. The results have been interpreted in terms of an in-silico docking model for the 1：1 complex of ferredoxin with nitrite reductase.

关键词： Electron transport enzymology nitrogen metabolism molecular biology.

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迈克尔·迪图洛:将未来现实化,并不难

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艺术与设计 2019年第1期8卷 88-91页

作者：健二迈克尔·迪图洛(图) 不详

虽然工作室成立还不到两年的时间,但是迈克尔·迪图洛却有20年的设计经验。他服务过耐克(Nike)和青蛙设计工作室(Frog Design),涉及到的领域从球鞋、汽车、服饰、家电到手机等。究竟还有什么设计是他仍未挑战的?Q:你对设计的兴趣是如何... 详细信息

虽然工作室成立还不到两年的时间,但是迈克尔·迪图洛却有20年的设计经验。他服务过耐克(Nike)和青蛙设计工作室(Frog Design),涉及到的领域从球鞋、汽车、服饰、家电到手机等。究竟还有什么设计是他仍未挑战的?Q:你对设计的兴趣是如何开始的?

关键词：迈克尔设计工作室设计师

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Impaired dynamic interaction of axonal endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes contributes to defective stimulus-response in spinal muscular atrophy

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 474-495页

作者： Chunchu Deng Sebastian Reinhard Luisa Hennlein Janna Eilts Stefan Sachs Sören Doose Sibylle Jablonka Markus Sauer Mehri Moradi michael Sendtner Institute of Clinical Neurobiology University Hospital Wuerzburg97078 Wür-zburgGermany Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics BiocenterJulius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg97074 WürzburgGermany.

Background:Axonal degeneration and defects in neuromuscular neurotransmission represent a pathological hall-mark in spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)and other forms of motoneuron *** pathological changes do not only base on altered axonal and presynaptic architecture,but also on alterations in dynamic movements of organelles and subcellular structures that are not necessarily reflected by static histopathological *** dynamic inter-play between the axonal endoplasmic reticulum(er)and ribosomes is essential for stimulus-induced local translation in motor axons and presynaptic ***,it remains enigmatic whether the er and ribosome crosstalk is impaired in the presynaptic compartment of motoneurons with Smn(survival of motor neuron)deficiency that could contribute to axonopathy and presynaptic dysfunction in ***:Using super-resolution microscopy,proximity ligation assay(PLA)and live imaging of cultured motoneu-rons from a mouse model of SMA,we investigated the dynamics of the axonal er and ribosome distribution and ***:We observed that the dynamic remodeling of er was impaired in axon terminals of Smn-deficient *** addition,in axon terminals of Smn-deficient motoneurons,ribosomes failed to respond to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulation,and did not undergo rapid association with the axonal er in response to extracellular ***:These findings implicate impaired dynamic interplay between the ribosomes and er in axon terminals of motoneurons as a contributor to the pathophysiology of SMA and possibly also other motoneuron diseases.

关键词： Spinal muscular atrophy Presynaptic er dynamics Dynamics of ribosomal assembly BDNF stimulation

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低温加氢催化剂的设计：理论与实践(英文)

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物理化学学报 2010年第4期26卷 869-876页

作者：陈经广齐随涛 HUMBerT michael P MENNING Carl A 朱月香 Department of Chemical Engineering Center for Catalytic Science and Technology(CCST)University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA 西安交通大学化工系西安710049 北京大学化学与分子工程学院北京分子科学国家实验室分子动态与稳态结构国家重点实验室北京100871

简要总结了我们在C=C及C=O双键低温加氢双金属催化剂方面的最新研究成果.首先,我们以环己烯加氢为探针反应,证明了平行使用多种研究手段的重要性,包括单晶表面的基础研究与DFT计算,多晶表面的合成与表征,负载型催化剂的制备与性能测试等... 详细信息

简要总结了我们在C=C及C=O双键低温加氢双金属催化剂方面的最新研究成果.首先,我们以环己烯加氢为探针反应,证明了平行使用多种研究手段的重要性,包括单晶表面的基础研究与DFT计算,多晶表面的合成与表征,负载型催化剂的制备与性能测试等.其次,总结了双金属催化剂在其他加氢反应,如丙烯醛C=O双键的选择性加氢,苯的低温加氢,以及乙炔的选择性加氢等反应中的应用.最后,讨论了利用金属碳化物代替贵金属Pt以减少双金属催化剂中Pt用量的可能性.

关键词：加氢双金属催化剂金属碳化物 DFT计算

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