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Host evolution in Mastomys natalensis(Rodentia:Muridae):An integrative approach using geometric morphometrics and genetics

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第6期10卷 505-514页

作者： aude LALIS Allowen EVIN Marc JANIER Lamine KOIVOGUI Christiane DENYS UMR 7205 Institute of Systematic Evolution and Biodiversity(ISYEB)National Museum of Natural History CNRSSorbonne UniversitiesParisFrance Institute of Evolutionary Sciences-Montpellier(ISEM) University of MontpellierCNRSIRDEPHEMontpellierFrance Department of Archaeology University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Plateforme ANIMAGE-CREATIS Faculty of Medicine Lyon-EstClaude Bernard University Lyon 1LyonFrance National Institute of Public Health Guinea CHU DonkaConakryGuinea

The commensal rodent Mastomys natalensis is the natural reservoir of Lassa arenavirus(LASV),which causes hemorrhagic fever in West *** study a possible effect of the virus on phenotypic and genotypic variation of its persistently infected host,we compared LASV-positive and non-infected wild-caught *** LASV effects on the phenotypic variation were explored using standard external morphometric measurements,geometric morphometric analyses of the cranial size and shape,and brain case *** genetic variability of *** specimens was assessed using 9 polymorphic microsatellite *** of sex and age,LASV-infected animals had smaller external body measurements,reproductive organs,skull size and brain case *** shape differences between the 2 groups are represented by a lateral constriction of the entire *** genetic variability revealed consanguinity only among the LASV-positive *** hypothesize that growth impairment may result in a selective disadvantage for LASV-infected ***,leading to a preferably commensal lifestyle in areas where the LAVS is endemic and,thereby,increasing the risk of LASV transmission to humans.

关键词： host evolution genetic diversity inbreeding skull shape variation

Complications of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy at the Departmental University Hospital Teaching of borgou (benin) in 2022: About 3 Cases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第11期12卷 514-526页

作者： Léopold Houétondji Codjo Serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou Sèdjro Raoul Atade Fabrice Atika Hamondji Nicolas Amegan Chabi Olaniran Alphonse biaou Kayivi Murielle Hounkponou Djidjoho Arnaud Sonou Mahouna Philippe Adjagba Marielle Dorine Soude Dominique Sacca Mèdéssè Rolande Quenum aude Sourou bodjrenou Martin Dèdonougbo Houenassi Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit (CNHU-HKM) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Teaching and Research Unit in Cardiology (CHUD-b/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Teaching and Research Department of Gynecology and Obstetric (CHUD-b/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Doctoral School of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Cardiology Teaching and 6 Research Unit (CHU-MEL) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Cardiology Department of Atacora-Donga Department Hospital Center (CHD-A/D) Natitingou Benin Teaching and Research Unit in Cardiology Faculty of Medicine (CHU-OP) University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a dilated cardiomyopathy occurring in the last month of pregnancy or the first five months postpartum without pre-existing cardiovascular pathology. It is a major cause of pregnancy-related heart failure with high morbidity and mortality. In severe forms (10% to 15% of cases), thrombo-embolic complications are the main cause. The initial hemodynamic evolution is totally unpredictable and sometimes extremely brutal and fatal. The objective of this work was to show the often pejorative evolution of PPCM in our country. Methods: We report in this work three serious clinical cases revealing the complications of this PPCM among patients admitted to the cardiology department of the CHUD-b/A in 2022 for heart failure. The data were collected according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Patients and Observations: The first case was a PPCM with severe left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction complicated by spontaneous left intraventricular contrast and right superficial sylvian ischemic stroke. The second case reports a global cardiac decompensation of a PPCM with severe LV systolic dysfunction complicated by an apical thrombus. The third case is that of a state of cardiogenic shock complicating a PPCM with severe LV systolic dysfunction. Among our 03 patients presenting these severe forms of PPCM, the evolution, in spite of the symptomatic and prognostic treatments of the heart failure, and even of the complications, was unfavourable with death in two of them. Conclusion: Complications of PPCM are frequent and fatal in benin.

关键词： Cardiomyopathy Peripartum Complications Parakou benin

通过交换衣壳蛋白亚型基序改变猪圆环病毒2型毒力的研究

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中国畜牧兽医 2011年第12期38卷 154-154页

作者： aude Allemandou 刘丹

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)是导致断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)的一个原因。PCV-2为单链环状DNA病毒,分为2个基因亚型:PCV-2a和PCV-2b。每个亚型的PCV-2衣壳蛋白都存在一个含6个氨基酸、高度保守的特异基序(86-91Aa)。本研究旨在验证该基序... 详细信息

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)是导致断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)的一个原因。PCV-2为单链环状DNA病毒,分为2个基因亚型:PCV-2a和PCV-2b。每个亚型的PCV-2衣壳蛋白都存在一个含6个氨基酸、高度保守的特异基序(86-91Aa)。本研究旨在验证该基序是否位于衣壳蛋白,是否与PCV-2各亚型的特异性毒力相关。以PCV-2a和PCV-2b为亲本,通过交换衣壳基序构建两个突变DNA克隆PCV-2a/motif 2b和PCV-2b/motif 2a。对4个DNA克隆的体内及体外特性进行了研究,转染这4个DNA克隆的细胞均能产生有感染力的病毒。在SPF猪种转染4种DNA克隆转染,与亲本病毒相比,PCV-2b/motif 2a毒力并未减弱,而PCV-2a/motif 2b毒力大大减弱。结果表明,衣壳蛋白的86-91Aa是毒株毒力的决定性因素,同时,该基序所处的环境也有一定影响。

关键词： PCV-2 亚型基序毒力

PREMISE Insect Model： Integrated Population Dynamics Model for the Ex-ante Evaluation of IPM against Insect Pest

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b) 2015年第4期5卷 231-240页

作者： Wil Hennen aude Alaphilippe Agricultural Economics Research Institute (Wageningen UR-LEI) P.O. Box 29703 2502 LS The Hague The Netherlands INRA UERI Domaine de Gotheron F-26320 Saint Marcel-les-Valence France

Codling moth Cydia pomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect"s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health (residues). This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.

关键词：种群动态模型防治害虫昆虫苹果蠹蛾评价成本效益综合防治方法人体健康影响

Management and Development of Newborns from Mothers Carrying HbsAg at the El Rapha Polyclinic in Libreville, Gabon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期11卷 468-478页

作者： Eliane Kuissi Kamgaing Steeve Minto’o Rogombe aude-Mariella Lembet Mikolo Raïssa Koumba Maniaga Edmée Mintsa Mi Nkama Edgar-brice Ngoungou Maiga Aité blaise Okissi Marcelle Djiomo Simon Ategbo Polyclinique El Rapha Libreville Gabon Département de Pédiatrie Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS) Libreville Gabon Department of biostatistics Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS) Libreville Gabon

Introduction: Hepatitis b is a significant public health problem. Infected children Objective: We aimed to assess newborns’ management and outcome from reactive Hbs Ag mothers at the El Rapha Polyclinic in Libreville... 详细信息

Introduction: Hepatitis B is a significant public health problem. Infected children b>Objective: b>We aimed to assess newborns’ management and outcome from reactive HBs Ag mothers at the El Rapha Polyclinic in Libreville, Gabon. b>Methodology: b>Prospective longitudinal study, carried out over four years, including all neonates born from reactive HBsAg mothers admitted in the delivery room. The parameters studied were maternal age, gestation, marital status, pregnancy follow-up, hepatitis B vaccination status, knowledge of hepatitis B, anti-Hbc antibodies’ levels, HBeAg. For the newborn: term, birth weight, management at birth, and hepatitis B serological status at 12 months.b> Results:b> We included 45 newborns. Mothers’ mean age was 30.9 ± seven years. In 32.6% of cases, antenatal consultations were ≤4, and 9.3% were vaccinated for hepatitis B. Mothers had chronic hepatitis in 74.4% of cases. All neonates were vaccinated for hepatitis B at birth;68.9% received hepatitis B immunoglobulin. At 12 months, 77.8% had HBs antibody positive, and 6.7% were HBsAg positive.b> Conclusion: b>Hepatitis B prevalence is significant among parturients. It is essential to set up a national strategy for managing the mother-child couple in a context of positive HBsAg.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis b Newborn Management Evolution Gabon

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Mothers Regarding Exclusive breastfeeding in Rural Areas of brobo (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期11卷 694-705页

作者： Aka-Tanoh Koko aude-Hélène Avi-Siallou Christelle Honorine Yeboua Kossonou Roland Yao Kouassi Christian Akandji Iburaima Adou Leioh Roméo Sahi Gnantin Landryse Amani Ehi Alexise Asse Kouadio Vincent Department of the University Hospital of bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d'Ivoire

Introduction:In C?te d’Ivoire, despite awareness raising among mothers by health authorities and health care providers, the exclusive breastfeeding rate is still low, 23%. This rate seems even lower in rural areas. The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding for the reduction of malnutrition in rural areasb>. Methods: b>This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Brobo from July to September 2020. It included consenting mothers of infants aged 0 to 24 months. Mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practice were assessed by an anonymous structured questionnaire with a performance threshold set at 75%. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were investigated by the Chi-square test at the 5% level of significance. b>Results: b>The average age of the 183 mothers was 25 years (extremes 13 and 49 years). They were primigravida (33%) and had a low socioeconomic level (84%). The mothers knew the definition of exclusive breastfeeding (33%). They knew that breastfeeding promoted ideal infant growth (64%) and protected against diarrhea and infection (18%). They also knew that breastfeeding reduced the mother’s risk of cancer (16%) and strengthened the mother-infant bond (7%). The mothers interviewed stated that they had put the baby to the breast within the first hour after delivery in 2% and 63% of them gave the baby colostrum. Mothers were confident about breastfeeding (91%) and exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age represented 9%. The factor associated with lack of knowledge of exclusive b

关键词： Exclusive breastfeeding Rural Environment Infant brobo

Fitness components of Drosophila melanogaster developed on a standard laboratory diet or a typical natural food source

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 771-779页

作者： Torsten Nygaard Kristensen Astrid Kallestrup Henningsen Christian Aastrup Mads bech-Hansen Lise b. Hoberg bjerre benjamin Carlsen Marie Hagstrup Sofie Graarup Jensen Pernille Karlsen Line Kristensen Cecillie Lundsgaard Tine MФller Lise D. Nielsen Camilla Starcke Christine Riisager SФrensen Mads Fristrup Schou Department of Chemistry and bioscience Section of Biology and Environmental Science Aalborg University Aalborg East DK-9220 Denmark Department of bioscience Aarhus University Aarhus C DK-8000 Denmark

Drosophila melanogaster is often used as a model organism in evolution- ary biology and ecophysiology to study evolutionary processes and their physiological mechanisms. Diets used to feed Drosophila cultures differ between laboratories and are often nutritious and distinct from food sources in the natural habitat, Here we rear D. melanogaster on a standard diet used in our laboratory and a field diet composed of decomposing apples collected in the field. Flies developed on these two diet compositions are tested for heat, cold, desiccation, and starvation resistance as well as developmental time, dry body mass and fat percentage. The nutritional compositions of the standard and field diets were analyzed, and discussed in relation to the phenotypic observations. Results showed marked differences in phenotype of flies from the two types of diets. Flies reared on the field diet are more starvation resistant and they are smaller, leaner, and have lower heat resistance compared to flies reared on the standard diet. Sex specific effects of diet type are observed for several of the investigated traits and the strong sexual dimorphism usually observed in desiccation resistance in D. melanogaster disappeared when rearing the flies on the field diet. based on our results we conclude that care should be taken in extrapolating results from one type of diet to another and especially from laboratory to field diets.

关键词： diet field fitness life-history traits nutrition stress resistance