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Transcriptomic analyses of localized prostate cancers of East Asian and North American men reveal race-specific luminal-basal and microenvironmental differences

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cancer communications 2023年第10期43卷 1164-1168页

作者： Melvin l.K.chua Alexander K.Hakansson Enya H.W.Ong Boon Hao Hong Jing Jing Miao Adelene Y.l.Sim Janice S.H.Tan Kah Min Tan Gabrielle c.J.lee Kar Perng low Jeffrey K.l.Tuan Terence W.K.Tan michael l.c.wang Joe P.S.Yeong michael c.S.Tan lui Shiong lee Ravindran Kanesvaran Xin Zhao Julian Ho Daniel E.Spratt Edward M.Schaeffer Kae-Jack Tay Yang liu Elai Davicioni li Yan Khor Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Duke-NUS Medical School SingaporeSingapore Division of Medical Sciences National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Veracyte IncSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Pathology Changi General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Urology Sengkang General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospitals Seidman Cancer CenterCase Comprehensive Cancer CenterClevelandOHUSA Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Urology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore

Dear editor,Prostate cancer(Pca)remains a major healthcare burden in men globally[1].Most patients present with localized disease,and treatment is recommended based on risk classification systems like the National comprehensive cancer Network(NccN)[2].However,these methods are imprecise for estimating metastasis-free survival and prostate cancer-specific mortality and thus biomarkers that can predict tumor aggression are needed[3–5].Several studies have since characterized the molecular landscape of localized Pca in White[4,5]and Black/African-American men[6],but data is lacking in Asian *** chinese Prostate cancer Genome and Epigenome Atlas(cPGEA)reported on the genomic and epigenomic landscape of 208 Pca of men from china[7].comparative analyses between the cPGEA cohort and data from The cancer Genome Atlas(TcGA)revealed higher frequencies of Forkhead box A1(FOXA1)and chromodomain-helicase DNA-binding 1(cHD1)mutations,and lower frequencies of phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)mutations and transmembrane protease serine 2-E26 transformationspecific related gene(TMPRSS2-ERG)fusion in chinese compared with White men[7].These preliminary findings highlight the presence of race-specific differences in molecular phenotypes of Pca.

关键词： landscape Atlas editor

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^(68)Gallium-labelled PSMA-PET/cT as a diagnostic and clinical decision-making tool in Asian prostate cancer patients following prostatectomy

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第1期16卷 157-165页

作者： Janice S.H.Tan charles X.Y.Goh Yen Sin Koh Youquan li Jeffrey K.l.Tuan Eu Tiong chua Terence W.K.Tan michael l.c.wang lui Shiong lee Kae Jack Tay Ravindran Kanesvaran chee Keong Toh Aaron K.T.Tong Winnie W.c.lam Melvin l.K.chua Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Singapore General Hospital Radiological Sciences Academic clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Oncology Academic clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Department of Urology Singapore General Hospital Department of Surgery Sengkang General Hospital Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Division of Medical Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore

Objective: Prostate cancers(Pca) in Asian individuals are molecularly distinct from those found in their caucasian *** is no risk stratification tool for Asian men with rapid biochemical recurrence(BcR) following radical prostatectomy(Rad P). This study aims to assess the detection rate of ^(68)Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PSMA-PET/cT) for diagnosis of clinical recurrence and as a treatment decision making tool in Asian patients with BcR post-Rad ***: ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET and cT body with/without bone scan [conventional workup(cWU)] were performed in 55 Asian patients with BcR within 36 months post-Rad P. Two blinded reviewers assessed the images. Detection rates of ^(68)Ga PSMAPET/cT were evaluated, and impact on management was reviewed by comparison with ***: Median time to BcR post-Rad P was 8.1 months. Detection rate for ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/cT was 80%(44/55). A positive scan was significantly associated with increasing prostate-specific antigen(PSA) level [odds ratio(OR) = 1.13(95% cI 1.05–1.30), P =0.017], but not with higher Gleason grade or shorter PSA doubling time. compared to cWU, ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/cT detected an additional 106 lesions in 33/44 patients with a positive scan, resulting in a change in management in 25/44(56.8%) patients: 10 to hormonal therapy(HT) and whole pelvis radiotherapy(RT) in addition to bed RT, and 15 to palliative HT ***: In the present report, we demonstrated the diagnostic and treatment decision utility of ^(68)Ga PSMA-PET/cT in Asian men with rapid BcR. Detection of small volume nodal and systemic recurrences at low PSA levels(l) highlights the role of the tool in assigning patients to treatment intensification with HT-RT or palliative HT in polymetastatic disease.

关键词： ^68Ga PSMA PET/cT prostate cancer Asian diagnostic recurrence prostatectomy salvage radiotherapy

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Regulating depletion region enables highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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Science china chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2783-2784页

作者： chun-Yun wang michael Saliba Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv) University of Stuttgart 1IEK5-Photovoltaics Forschungszentrum Jülich

Perovskite solar cells (PScs) have made impressive strides in recent years with the power conversion efficiency (PcE)now exceeding 26% [1], which is comparable to established technologies such as silicon. However, the ion migration in perovskites causes undesirable hysteresis and *** affects the long-term operational stability of PScs,hampering a possible industrialization.

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Near-zero stiffness accelerometer with buckling of tunable electrothermal microbeams

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 67-81页

作者： Hussein Hussein chen wang Rui Amendoeira Esteves michael Kraft Hossein Fariborzi Department of Mechanical Engineering MSFEAAmerican University of BeirutBeirut11072020Lebanon King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia ESAT-MNS University of Leuven3001LeuvenBelgium

Pre-shaped microbeams,curved or inclined,are widely used in MEMS for their interesting stiffness *** mechanisms allow a wide range of positive and negative stiffness tuning in their direction of motion.A mechanism of pre-shaped beams with opposite curvature,connected in a parallel configuration,can be electrothermally tuned to reach a near-zero or negative stiffness behavior at the as-fabricated *** simple structure helps incorporate the tunable spring mechanism in different designs for accelerometers,even with different transduction *** sensitivity of the accelerometer can be considerably increased or tuned for different applications by electrothermally changing the stiffness of the spring *** inclined beams are implemented in a capacitive micromachined *** measurements on fabricated prototypes showed more than 55 times gain in sensitivity compared to their initial *** experiments showed promising results in enhancing the resolution of acceleration sensing and the potential to reach unprecedent performance in micromachined accelerometers.

关键词： properties. mechanism. stiffness

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Effect of TiB_(2)Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by laser Additive Manufacturing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2024年第1期37卷 67-77页

作者： Xinxing Xiong Sijie Yu Pei wang Junfang Qi Haichao li Xulei wang michael Ryan Debajyoti Bhaduri Rossitza Setchi Additive Manufacturing Institute Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Henan Key laboratory of High Performance carbon Fiber Reinforced composites Institute of Carbon Matrix CompositesHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou450046China High-Value Manufacturing Research Group School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

The research involves the addition of 5 vol.%TiB_(2)particles into AA8009 alloy powder to synthesize TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite parts produced via laser powder bed fusion(lPBF).The addition of the TiB_(2)particles causes the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composites with and without annealing have lower compressive strength than AA8009 alloy due to the change of the strengthening *** results further indicated that solid solution strengthening was the main strengthening mechanism of the lPBF AA8009 alloy at room temperature whereas Orowan strengthening became the primary strengthening factor after annealing at 673 *** contrast,Orowan strengthening always remained the main strengthening mechanism for the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite,irrespective of the annealing *** addition,after annealing of the lPBF parts at 673 K,the compressive yield strength(cYS)of the unblended AA8009 alloy specimens had a~2.5 times greater reduction(from 705±16 to 459±30 MPa)compared to that of the composite TiB_(2)/AA8009 samples(from 466±23 to 368±3 MPa).Therefore,TiB_(2)particles can suppress the drop in yield strength of lPBF AA8009 alloy below 673 K,providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the applications of both lPBF AA8009 and TiB_(2)/AA8009 alloys at low and medium temperatures.

关键词： laser powder bed fusion AA8009 alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog michael A.Eggleton Yushun chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P ces between agriculture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Spark plasma sintering of tungsten-based WTaVcr refractory high entropy alloys for nuclear fusion applications

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 146-154页

作者： Yongchul Yoo Xiang Zhang Fei wang Xin chen Xing-Zhong li michael Nastasi Bai cui Department of Mechanical&Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Nebraska center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Nuclear Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

W-based WTaVcr refractory high entropy alloys (RHEA) may be novel and promising candidate materials for plasma facing components in the first wall and diverter in fusion reactors. This alloy has been developed by a powder metallurgy process combining mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The SPSed samples contained two phases, in which the matrix is RHEA with a body-centered cubic structure, while the oxide phase was most likely Ta2VO6through a combined analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD),energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The higher oxygen affinity of Ta and V may explain the preferential formation of their oxide phases based on thermodynamic calculations. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) revealed an average grain size of 6.2μm. WTaVcr RHEA showed a peak compressive strength of 2997 MPa at room temperature and much higher micro-and nano-hardness than W and other W-based RHEAs in the literature. Their high Rockwell hardness can be retained to at least 1000°c.

关键词： refractory high entropy alloy plasma-facing material fusion reactor spark plasma sintering

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Genetic diversity of food-medicinal lycium *** china:Insights from chloroplast genome

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chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第3期16卷 401-411页

作者： Ruyu Yao Bin wang michael Heinrich Qiuling wang Peigen Xiao Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Hainan Provincial Key laboratory of Resources conservation and Development of Southern Medicine Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeHaikou 570311China Research Group‘Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy’ UCL School of PharmacyUniversity of LondonLondon WC1N1AXUnited Kingdom Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

Objective:Goji(fruits of lycium spp.)is commonly consumed as food and *** increasing market demand for goji has led to its wide cultivation and broad breeding,which might cause loss of genetic *** study aims to uncover the genetic diversity of the cultivated and wild ***:The chloroplast genome(cPG)of 34 accessions of chinese food-medicinal lycium spp.,including the popular cultivars and their wild relatives,was re-sequenced and assembled,based on which the genetic diversity was ***:Sequence structural comparison shows that cPG is comparatively conserved within *** analysis indicates that cPG is sufficient for the discrimination of lycium species;combined with nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(Nr ITS)sequences,materials with mixed genetic backgrounds can be *** diversity analysis reveals that the modern cultivars are probably with a common maternal parent,while the wild accessions are with higher level of genetic ***:For the first time this study reveals the intraspecies genetic diversity of lycium *** cPG,highlighting the urgent conservation demand of wild genetic resources of *** study also demonstrates that cPG provides crucial evidence for identification of lycium species with mixed genetic backgrounds and highlights the importance of the wild relatives in genetic diversity *** cPG-based technology will contribute to the sustainable development of medicinal plants broadly.

关键词： chloroplast genome cultivar food-medicine genetic diversity goji wild relative

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canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin michael Yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng connie chen Yonghui wang Annie wang Zander Schwartz Jeffrey Hong lily Song William Wagstaff Rex c.Haydon Hue H.luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-chuan He lewis l.Shi chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of clinical laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA laboratory of craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and *** Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and lRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical *** of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling *** crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ ***-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic *** complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic ***,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be *** review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt *** thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PcP,and the noncanonical Wnt/ca2+*** description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular ***,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

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Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery l.Miller Nathan K.Evanson J.michael Taylor University of cincinnati college of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh June 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain injury,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain injury,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain injury

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