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Long-term impact of artificial intelligence on colorectal adenoma detection in high-risk colonoscopy

World Journal of gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 335-342页

作者： Kenneth W Chow Matthew T Bell Nicholas Cumpian Maryanne Amour Ryan h hsu Viktor E Eysselein Neetika Srivastava michael W Fleischman Sofiya Reicher Department of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States Department of Bioengineering Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of gastroenterology Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States

BACKgROUND Improved adenoma detection rate(ADR)has been demonstrated with artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted ***,data on the real-world appli-cation of AI and its effect on colorectal cancer(CRC)screening outcomes is *** To analyze the long-term impact of AI on a diverse at-risk patient population undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy for positive CRC screening tests or *** AI software(gI genius,Medtronic)was implemented into the standard proced-ure protocol in November *** was collected on patient demographics,procedure indication,polyp size,location,and *** screening outcomes were evaluated before and at different intervals after AI introduction with one year of *** We evaluated 1008 colonoscopies(278 pre-AI,255 early post-AI,285 established post-AI,and 190 late post-AI).The ADR was 38.1%pre-AI,42.0%early post-AI(P=0.77),40.0%established post-AI(P=0.44),and 39.5%late post-AI(P=0.77).There were no significant differences in polyp detection rate(PDR,baseline 59.7%),advanced ADR(baseline 16.2%),and non-neoplastic PDR(baseline 30.0%)before and after AI *** In patients with an increased pre-test probability of having an abnormal colonoscopy,the current generation of AI did not yield enhanced CRC screening metrics over high-quality *** the potential of AI in colonoscopy is undisputed,current AI technology may not universally elevate screening metrics across all situations and patient *** studies that analyze different AI systems across various patient populations are needed to determine the most effective role of AI in optimizing CRC screening in clinical practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate Screening Colorectal adenoma

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Post-testing measurement of freely movable and diffusible hydrogen in context of WEC formation at cylindrical roller thrust bearings from 100Cr6

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Friction 2021年第4期9卷 876-890页

作者： Martin LINZMAYER Francisco gUTIÉRREZ gUZMÁN gregor MANKE georg jacobs Christopher SOUS michael POhL Institute for Machine Elements and System Engineering RWTH Aachen UniversitySchinkelstrasse 10Aachen 52062Germany Institute for Materials Material TestingRuhr University BochumUniversitatsstr 150Bochum 44801Germany

Sub-surface crack networks in areas of altered microstructure are a common cause for bearing *** to its appearance under light microscopy,the damage pattern is referred to as White Etching Cracks(WEC).The root causes leading to the formation of WEC are still under ***,it has already been shown that atomic hydrogen can have an accelerating effect on the formation and propagation of *** addition to hydrogen pre-charging,hydrogen can be released and absorbed during rolling/sliding due to the decomposing of the lubricant and *** current work focuses on the analysis of the hydrogen content of cylindrical roller thrust bearings after testing in a FE8 type test rig using two different *** the framework of this work,two different hydrogen analysis methods were used and assessed regarding their *** results show that the so-called hydrogen Collecting Analysis(hCA)is more suitable to investigate the correlation between lubricant chemistry and hydrogen content in the test bearings than the Local hydrogen Analysis(LhA).The measurements with the hCA show a continuously increasing freely movable and diffusible hydrogen content under tribological conditions,which leads to the formation of *** tests with an oil without hydrogen showed that the tendency of the system to fail as a result of WEC can be reduced by using a lubricant without hydride compounds.

关键词： White Etching Crack(WEC) White Etching Areas(WEA) hydrogen content hydrogen Collecting Analysis(hCA) freely movable hydrogen diffusible hydrogen cylindrical roller thrust bearing roller bearings roller contact fatigue

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Platelet-rich plasma for regeneration of neural feedback pathways around dental implants: a concise review and outlook on future possibilities

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： Yan huang michael M Bornstein Ivo Lambrichts hai-Yang Yu Constantinus Politis Reinhilde jacobs OMFS IMPATh Research group Department of Imaging and PathologyFaculty of MedicineKU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity Hospitals Leuven State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan University Section of Dental Radiology and Stomatology Department of Oral Surgery and StomatologyUniversity of Bern Applied Oral Sciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongPrince Philip Dental Hospital group of Morphology Biomedical Research InstituteHasselt University

Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth in patients with complete or partial edentulism. The importance of restoring the peripheral neural feedback pathway and thus repairing the lack of periodontal rnechanoreceptors after tooth extraction has been highlighted in the literature. Nevertheless, regenerating the nerve fibers and reconstructing the neural feedback pathways around osseointegrated implants remain a challenge. Recent studies have provided evidence that platelet-rich plasma （PRP） therapy is a promising treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. Because of its high biological safety, convenience and usability, PRP therapy has gradually gained popularity in the clinical field Although much remains to be learned, the growth factors from PRP might play key roles in peripheral nerve repair mechanisms. This review presents known growth factors contributing to the biological efficacy of PRP and illustrates basic and （pre-）clinical evidence regarding the use of PRP and its relevant products in peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, the potential of local application of PRP for structural and functional recovery of iniured peripheral nerves around dental implants is discussed.

关键词： neural regeneration osseoperception peripheral nerve degeneration peri-implant sensory feedback platelet-rich plasma

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Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia arising from an ectopic pancreas in the small bowel

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第6期13卷 658-661页

作者： Francisco Igor Macedo Deepa Taggarshe Tafadzwa Makarawo Barry herschman michael J jacobs Department of general Surgery Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA Department of general Surgery Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA Department of Pathology Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Southfield MI 48075 USA

BACKgROUND： Ectopic pancreatic tissue is relatively uncommon, and is characterized as pancreatic tissue with no contact with the normal pancreas, and with its own ductal system and blood supply. It is usually asymptomatic, and can be incidentally diagnosed by conventional imaging studies. METhOD： A 69-year-old woman with a prior history of bilateral breast carcinoma presented with ectopic pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia （PanIN） that was identified incidentally in the small bowel during an oncological resection of a synchronous primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. RESULTS： The patient underwent subtotal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, regional lymphadenectomy, radical left nephrectomy, and small bowel resection with primary anastomosis of ectopic PanlN-2. She had an uneventful hospitalization and was discharged home on postoperative day 7. CONCLUSIONS： The occurrence of ectopic PanIN is extremely unusual with only few cases previously reported in the literature. The need for negative margins after surgical resection of ectopic PanIN lesions remains controversial.

关键词： ectopic pancreas pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia PanIN pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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Completeness of citizen science biodiversity data from a volunteered geographic information perspective

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geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第1期20卷 3-13页

作者： Clemens jacobs Alexander Zipf gIScience Research group Institute of GeographyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Observations of living organisms by citizen scientists that are reported to online portals are a valuable source of *** are also a special kind of volunteered geographic information(VgI).VgI data have issues of completeness,which arise from biases caused by the opportunistic nature of the data collection *** examined the completeness of bird species represented in citizen science observation data from eBird and iNaturalist in US National Parks(NPs).We used approaches for completeness estimation which were developed for data from OpenStreetMap,a crowdsourced map of the ***,we used an extrinsic approach,comparing species lists from citizen science data with National Park Service ***,we examined two intrinsic approaches using total observation numbers in NPs and the development of the number of new species being added to the data-set over *** from the extrinsic approach provided appropriate completeness estimations to evaluate the intrinsic *** found that total observation numbers are a good estimator of species completeness of citizen science data from US *** is also a close relationship between species completeness and the ratio of new species added to observation data *** numbers in a given year.

关键词： Citizen science Volunteered geographic Information(VgI) data quality completeness

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Between fighting and tolerance： reproductive biology of wingless males in the ant Cardiocondyla venustula

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 818-828页

作者： Susanne jacobs Jurgen heinze LS ZoologielEvolutionsbiologie Universitat Regensburg Regensburg Germany

Male reproductive tactics vary widely across the species of the ant genus Cardiocondyla, from obligatory lethal combat among co-occurring males to complete mutual tolerance. The African species C. venustula Wheeler, 1908 has an intermediate phylogenetic position between taxa with fighting males and taxa with tolerant males and also shows an intermediate male behavior. Males from 2 native populations in South Africa and a population introduced to Puerto Rico attacked and killed freshly eclosing rivals but rarely engaged in deadly fights with adult competitors, Instead, several males per colony established small ＂territories＂ in their natal nests and defended them against other males. Males with a stable territory had more contact with female sexuals than nonterritorial males and more frequently engaged in mating attempts. In controlled choice experiments, female sexuals did not show any preference for particular males. We suggest that male territoriality in C. venustula is an adaptation to the seasonal production of large numbers of female sexuals by multiple mothers.

关键词： Cardiocondyla ergatoid males Formicidae male competition sexual selection territoriality

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hemolysis results in impaired intestinal microcirculation and intestinal epithelial cell injury

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2011年第2期17卷 213-218页

作者： Sebastiaan J hanssen Tim Lubbers Caroline M hodin Frits W Prinzen Wim A Buurman michael J jacobs Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Center Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Center European Vascular Center Aachen-Maastricht Department of Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital Aachen Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Center Department of Physiology Maastricht University Medical Center

AIM:To study the effect of circulating cell-free oxy-hemoglobin(Fhb) on intestinal microcirculation and intestinal epithelial injury in a rat model. METhODS:To induce elevated intravascular circulating Fhb,male Sprague-Dawley rats received water or Fhb *** changes in jejunum,ileum and colon were evaluated using fluorescent *** injury was quantified as plasmatic release of ileal lipid binding protein(iLBP) and verified by histological analysis of the ileum. RESULTS:Water and Fhb infusions resulted,when compared with saline infusion,in reduced intestinal microcirculation(after 30 min Phb infusion Pg Fhb levels correlated significantly with release of iLBP(Spearman r=0.72,P=0.0011) .Epithelial cell injury of the villi was histologically observed after water and Fhb infusions. CONCLUSION:This study shows that circulating Fhb leads to a reduction in intestinal microcirculatory blood flow with marked injury to intestinal epithelial cells. These data support the hypothesis that circulating Fhb contributes to the development of intestinal injury.

关键词： hemoglobin Microcirculation Organ injury Vasoconstriction

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Do Bilateral Investment Treaties Attract Foreign Direct Investment to Developing Countries？ A Review of the Empirical Literature

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2017年第10期5卷 583-593页

作者： michael jacobs gordon College Massachusetts USA

States have signed over 3,000 bilateral investment treaties （BITs）. BITs stipulate the terms and conditions by which foreign investors from one country must be treated in another. A series of empirical studies have asked the question, do BITs increase foreign direct investment to less developed countries？ This paper reviews the literature. While the studies come to conflicting results, most studies suffer from the same methodological misstep--they fail to account for variation in treaties. The paper concludes that the most productive path forward for future research efforts includes using dyadic research designs that account for variation in BITs.

关键词： bilateral investment treaties BITs foreign direct investment multinational corporations less developedcountries developing countries

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The emerging applications of pillararene architectures in supramolecular catalysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第1期33卷 89-96页

作者： Kaiya Wang Xueqi Tian jacobs h.Jordan Krishnasamy Velmurugan Leyong Wang Xiao-Yu hu College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China The Southern Regional Research Center Agricultural Research ServiceUSDANew OrleansLA 70124United States Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Over the last decade,numerous research efforts have been devoted to pillar[n]arenes since their *** popularity of pillararenes is a reflection of current research trend in supramolecular and macrocyclic chemistry in *** the vast applications(such as chemosensors,drug delivery,transmembrance channels,and separation)of pillararenes,their utilization in catalysis is a relatively less explored ***,soaring attention has been paid by researchers in recent years and this field has seen gradual increasing ***,in this review we will discuss progress in the emerging applications of pillararene architectures in catalysis based on various reaction genre including reduction,oxidation,coupling,decomposition and ***,this review not only focuses on the pillararenes based current progress in catalysis,but also provides the signs for future development in this research field.

关键词： Supramolecular catalysis host–guest chemistry Macrocycles Pillararene Self-assembly

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Numerical prediction of the frictional losses in sliding bearings during start-stop operation

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Friction 2021年第3期9卷 583-597页

作者： Florian KÖNIg Christopher SOUS georg jacobs Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen UniversitySchinkelstraße 10Aachen 52062Germany

With the increased use of automotive engine start-stop systems,the numerical prediction and reduction of frictional losses in sliding bearings during starting and stopping procedures has become an important *** engineering practice,numerical simulations of sliding bearings in automotive engines are performed with statistical asperity contact models with empirical values for the necessary surface *** aim of this study is to elucidate the applicability of these approaches for the prediction of friction in sliding bearings subjected to start-stop *** this purpose,the friction performance of sliding bearings was investigated in experiments on a test rig and in transient mixed elasto-hydrodynamic simulations in a multi-body simulation environment(mixed-EhL/MBS).In mixed-EhL/MBS,the extended Reynold’s equation with flow factors according to Patir and Cheng has been combined on the one hand with the statistical asperity contact model according to greenwood and Tripp and on the other hand with the deterministic asperity contact model according to *** detailed comparison of simulation and experimental results clarifies that the application of statistical asperity contact models with empirical values of the necessary inputs leads to large deviations between experiment and *** actual distribution and position of surface roughness,as used in deterministic contact modelling,is necessary for a reliable prediction of the frictional losses in sliding bearings during start-stop operation.

关键词： sliding bearing friction wearing-in contact model,mixed elasto-hydrodynamic simulation

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