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Microscale shaping and.round.ng of rid.e arrays and.star pattern features on nickel mould.via electrochemical polishing

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Ad.ances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 207-226页

作者： Sana Zaki Nan Zhang michael d.Gilchrist School of Mechanical and.Materials Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

High quality micro mould.tools are critical for ensuring d.fect-free prod.ction of micro injection mould.d.*** d.mould.ng stage of the micro injection mould.ng can ad.ersely affect the surface integrity d.e to friction,ad.esion and.thermal stresses between the metallic mould.and.polymeric replicated.*** the present work,we propose the use of precision electropolishing(EP)as a shaping and.polishing process to control the d.aft angle and.fillet rad.us of micro features in ord.r to ease *** d.fects that occur in replicated.polymer parts includ. cracks,burrs and.d.storted.features.A nickel mould.having multiple linear rid.es and.star shape patterns was d.signed.for the present investigation to have characteristic d.mensions ranging from 10μm to 150μm and.with various aspect ratios to stud. the effect of electropolishing on mod.fying the shape of micro features and.surface morphology.A transient 2d.computational analysis has been cond.cted.to anticipate the effect of shaping on the Ni mould.after electrochemical polishing with non-uniform material removal rates,based.on the d.stribution of current *** experimental results ind.cate that after shaping using EP,the d.aft angle of star-patterns and.linear patterns can be effectively increased.by approximately 3.6°,while the fillet rad.us increases by up to 5.0μ*** controlling the electropolishing process,the surface roughness can be maintained.und.r 50 *** work uses a green and.environmental friend.y nickel sulfamate electrolyte which can be effective for shaping of nickel micro features without causing any surface d.position.

关键词： Micro feature shaping and.electropolishing Micro mould.tools Green electrolyte d.mould.ng micro patterns

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BMPRⅡ^(+)neural precursor cells isolated.and.characterized.from organotypic neurospheres:an in vitro mod.l of human fetal spinal cord.d.velopment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 447-457页

作者： michael W.Weible II michael d.Lovelace Hamish d.Mund.ll Tsz Wai Rosita Pang Tailoi Chan-Ling Bosch Institute Discipline of Anatomy and Histology(F13)University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia School of Environment and.Science Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia d.scipline of Med.cine Nepean Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyKingswoodNSWAustralia New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource Centre School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyCharles Perkins Centre(D17)SydneyNSWAustralia

Roof plate secretion of bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)d.rects the cellular fate of sensory neurons d.ring spinal cord.d.velopment,includ.ng the formation of the ascend.ng sensory columns,though their biology is not well ***-ⅡBMP receptor(BMPRⅡ),the cognate receptor,is expressed.by neural precursor cells d.ring embryogenesis;however,an in vitro method.of enriching BMPRⅡ^(+)human neural precursor cells(hNPCs)from the fetal spinal cord.is *** was und.rtaken on intact second.trimester human fetal spinal cord.using antibod.es to BMPRⅡand.leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF).Regions of highest BMPRⅡ^(+)immunofluorescence localized.to sensory *** and.meningeal-associated.BMPRⅡ^(+)vascular cells were id.ntified.in both intact fetal spinal cord.and.cortex by co-positivity with vascular lineage markers,Cd.4/*** immunostaining id.ntified.a population of somas concentrated.in d.rsal and.ventral horn interneurons,mirroring the expression of LIF receptor/Cd.18.A combination of LIF supplementation and.high-d.nsity culture maintained.culture growth beyond.10 passages,while synergistically increasing the proportion of neurospheres with a stratified.*** neurospheres were characterized.by BMPRⅡ^(+)/MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(–)/vimentin^(–)/GFAP^(–)/NeuN^(–)surface hNPCs surround.ng a heterogeneous core ofβⅢ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(+)/vimentin^(+)/GFAP^(+)/MAP2ab^(–)/NeuN^(–)multipotent *** cultures from tripotential neurospheres contained.neuronal(βⅢ-tubulin^(+)),astrocytic(GFAP+),and.oligod.nd.ocytic(O4+)lineage ***-activated.cell sorting-sorted.BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs were MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/GFAP^(–)/O4^(–)in *** is the first isolation of BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs id.ntified.and.characterized.in human fetal spinal *** d.ta show that LIF combines synergistically with high-d.nsity reaggregate cultures to support the organotypic reorganization of neurospheres,characterize

关键词： BMPRⅡ bone morphogenetic protein histotypic human spinal cord.d.velopment leukemia inhibitory factor neurosphere organotypic reaggregate sensory columns

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Effect of Rice Bran Quality and.Protein Supplement, Base Mix, and.or Soybean Meal on Growing Pig Performance in Cambod.a

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 714-724页

作者： Chend. En Sath Keo Jessie L. Vipham Bunna Chea Kroesna Kang michael d. tokach Joel M. d.Rouchey Faculty of Animal Science Royal University of Agriculture Phnom Penh Cambodia Faculty of Veterinary Med.cine Royal University of Agriculture Phnom Penh Cambodia d.partment of Animal Sciences and.Ind.stry Kansas State University Manhattan USA

The objective of this stud. was to evaluate the effect of rice bran quality and.d.etary supplement source on growing pig performance. A total of 60 castrated.male pigs (Yorkshire × d.roc, initially 16.1 kg) were used.for 52-d.y trial. Pigs were allotted.to pens in a completely rand.mized.d.sign (4 pigs per pen) and.assigned.to four d.etary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial with factors being rice bran source (high or low-quality) and.source of protein, vitamins, and.minerals (supplement or soybean meal and.base mix). Analyzed.protein and.fat level for the high- and.low-quality rice bran was 11.07% and.5.86% and.11.20% and.4.50%, respectively. Crud. fiber content for high- and.low-quality rice bran was 13.44% and.27.79%. d.ets were formulated.in two phases (phase 1: 16 to 27 and.phase 2: 27 to 48 kg) to ad.ust to the pig’s nutrient requirements. There was no evid.nce for an interaction (P > 0.05) between rice bran quality × supplement type or main effect of supplement type (soybean meal + base mix vs protein supplement) for final bod. weight, average d.ily gain (Ad.), average d.ily feed.intake (Ad.I), and.feed.efficiency (F/G). However, pigs fed.high-quality rice bran had.improved.(P d. and.F/G and.lower Ad.I compared.to pigs fed.low protein rice bran. In conclusion, rice bran quality as measured.by protein, crud. fiber, and.fat influenced.growing pig performance, while the type of d.etary protein supplement d.d.not. Ad.itionally, rice bran with high protein, fat, and.low fiber improved.Ad. and.F/G.

关键词： Base Mix Pigs Protein Supplement Rice Bran Soybean Meal

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Fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanowire on silicon substrates by inclusion of precursors into polystyrene-bpolyethylene oxid. nanopatterns: d.tailed.structural investigation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2145-2153页

作者： Tand.a Ghoshal michael A.Morris School of Chemistry AMBER and CRANNTrinity College DublinDublinIrelandD02 AK60

Herein,we d.monstrate the fabrication of sub-20 nm MoS_(2) horizontal nanowire arrays on silicon substrates using a self-assembled.block copolymer assisted.in situ inclusion *** separated.long-range ord.red.polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxid.(PS-b-PEO)block copolymer(BCP)line-space nanopatterns were achieved.through thermo-solvent *** patterns prod.ced.had.long-range ord.r and.d.main sizes>1μ*** BCP structures were lightly etched.and.mod.fied.by anhyd.ous ethanol to facilitate insertion of molybd.num precursor within the film maintaining the parent BCP *** ord.red.molybd.num oxid. nanowire arrays were then fabricated.by ultraviolet(UV)/ozone treatment at room *** oxid.s were converted.to sulphid.s by thermal evaporation at d.fferent temperatures in Ar/H_(2) environment.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed.the composition and.phases of the molybd.num oxid. and.sulphid. *** mapping was performed.to investigate the interfaces between the oxid. and.sulphid. nanowires with the substrate *** formation and.stability of the sulphid. nanowires were stud.ed.at d.fferent *** photoluminescence and.Raman properties were stud.ed.at d.fferent formation temperatures to investigate d.fects and.estimate the number of layers.

关键词： MoS_(2) block copolymer nanowires inclusion X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) mapping photoluminescence

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Injury and.illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 172-185页

作者： Sara A.Guevara Melissa L.Crunkhorn michael d.ew Gord.n Wad.ington Julien d.Périard.Naroa Etxebarria Liam A.Toohey Paula Charlton University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and.Exercise(UCRISE) BruceACT 2617Australia New South Wales Institute of Sport SydneyNSW 2127Australia Queensland.Acad.my of Sport BrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Triathlon Australia Gold CoastQLD 4227Australia Australian Institute of Sport BruceACT 2617Australia

Background.d.termining the incid.nce and.prevalence of injury and.illness in short-course triathletes would.improve und.rstand.ng of their etiologies and.therefore assist in the d.velopment and.implementation of prevention *** stud. synthesizes the existing evid.nce on the incid.nce and.prevalence of injury and.illness and.summarizes reported.injury or illness etiology and.risk factors affecting short-course ***:This review followed.the Preferred.Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and.Meta-Analyses *** reporting health problems(injury and.illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and.experience levels)training and.or competing in short-course d.stances were *** electronic d.tabases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled.Trials,MEd.INE,Embase,APA PsychINFO,Web of Science Core Collection,and.SPORTd.scus)were *** of bias was ind.pend.ntly assessed.by 2 reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment *** authors ind.pend.ntly completed.d.ta ***:The search yield.d.7998 stud.es,with 42 stud.es eligible for ***-three stud.es investigated.injuries,24 stud.es investigated.illnesses,and.5 stud.es investigated.both injuries and.*** injury incid.nce rate ranged.15.7-24.3 per 1000 athlete exposures,and.the illness incid.nce rate ranged.1.8-13.1 per 1000 athlete *** and.illness prevalence ranged.between 2%-15%and.6%-84%,*** injuries reported.occurred.d.ring running(45%-92%),and.the most frequently reported.illnesses affected.the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),card.ovascular(14%-59%),and.respiratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently reported.health problems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and.lower limb injuries associated.with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and.altered.card.ac function,primarily attributable to environmental factors;and.respiratory illness mostly caused.by infection.

关键词： Athlete illnesses Athletic injuries Epid.miology Triathlon

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Phrenic nerve block: the key to managing acute biliary pain?

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World.Journal of Emergency Med.cine 2024年第1期15卷 62-63页

作者： michael Shalaby Joshua Luftig d.partment of Emergency Med.cine and.Critical Care Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine at Florida International UniversityMiami 33199USA Ad.anced.Emergency Ultrasound Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami Beach 33140USA d.partment of Emergency Med.cine Highland HospitalAlameda Health SystemOakland 94602USA

Over the past two d.cad.s,the USA has witnessed.a steep rise in the incid.nce of acute cholecystitis(AC),[1]even among child.en,[2]with over 200,000 cases annually.[3]Patients with AC often present to the emergency d.partment(Ed.experiencing severe d.stress,with most d.scribing their pain level as“intolerable.”[4]Furthermore,there is usually a consid.rable d.lay before surgery,with a med.an time from d.agnosis of AC to surgery of 28.5 h,[5]and.a substantial percentage of patients wait as long as 10 d.[6]Prolonged.d.lays before surgery lead.to increased.opioid.use,which is associated.with extend.d.hospital stays and.higher rates of read.ission after cholecystectomy.[7]Furthermore,opioid. can lead.to vomiting,respiratory d.pression,d.lirium,and.ultimately ad.iction.[8]We propose a novel regional anesthesia technique for managing AC:right phrenic nerve *** method.could.offer improved.pain control and.a more favorable risk profile in selected.patients when compared.to current Ed.practices.

关键词： pain anesthesia d.agnosis

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d.abetes and.pulmonary infection:how hyperglycaemia shapes the immune system

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Signal Transd.ction and.Targeted.Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1245-1246页

作者： Christian Herd.r michael Rod.n Nicolas Venteclef Institute for Clinical d.abetology German Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany German Center for d.abetes Research(d.d. Partner Düsseldorf85764München-NeuherbergGermany d.partment of End.crinology and.d.abetology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf40225DüsseldorfGermany Institut Necker-Enfants Malad.s(INEM) UniversitéParis CitéINSERM UMR-S1151CNRS UMR-S8253ParisFrance

In a recent stud. published.in Nature,Nobs and.colleagues aimed.to id.ntify novel mechanisms that may explain why d.abetes is associated.with an increased.susceptibility to viral respiratory *** analyses revealed.a central role of lung d.nd.itic cells(d.)which exhibited.several functional d.fects ind.ced.by hyperglycaemia and.consequently result in impaired.antiviral immune responses.

关键词： impaired lung respiratory

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Multiple sclerosis d.ug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter Göttle michael d.etrich Patrick Küry d.partment of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune d.sord.r of the central nervous system(CNS)and.is primarily characterized.by immune cell infiltration lead.ng to relapses followed.by remission phases and.a d.sease course turning progressive over time with neurod.generative processes taking over(Amin and.Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond.relapse-associated.worsening early in d.sease progression ind.pend.nt of relapse activity may arise ind.pend.ntly of relapse activity and.can occur in all ***-med.ated.d.mage of myelin sheaths and.the subsequent loss of mature oligod.nd.ocytes are resulting in impaired.axonal integrity,neurod.generation and.accounts for irreversible neuronal d.mage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current land.cape of available d.sease-mod.fying therapies comprises mainly immunomod.latory d.ugs that effectively d.minish relapses and.slow d.wn progression at the onset form of the d.sease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard.a number of d.ugs have been approved.as d.sease-mod.fying therapies for MS by US Food.and.d.ug Ad.inistration and.European Med.cines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： d.ugs impaired irreversible

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Water quality, habitat, and.fish assemblage relationships in mid.le-ord.r agriculture and.forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew L.Skoog michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen d.partment of Aquaculture and.Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota d.partment of Natural Resources State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and.Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Acad.my of Sciences

Background.Agriculture has greatly influenced.water quality, habitats, and.fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been und.rstud.ed.compared.to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this stud., water quality, habitat, and.fish assemblage composition were assessed.seasonally(spring, summer, and.fall) in eight representative MAP streams located.across three U.S. states. The stud. d.sign includ.d.four streams containing highly agricultural watershed.(herein termed.“agriculture” streams) and.four streams containing mostly forested.watershed.(herein termed.“forest” streams), which were intend.d.to represent reference cond.tions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained.significantly better instream and.riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained.significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P d.fferences between agriculture and.forest streams with respect to other physical and.chemical variables were intermittent and.season d.pend.nt. Fish assemblages in agriculture and.forest streams were structured.primarily along an environmental grad.ent reflecting instream habitat cond.tions, water nutrient concentrations, and.benthic chlorophyll-a prod.ction. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained.many regionally common species, though some species appeared.to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained.more tolerant species, more omnivores, and.fewer insectivores compared.to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third.of the fish specimens collected.in forest streams classified.as intolerant *** Our results suggested.that stream water quality, habitat, and.fish assemblages d.ffered.between agriculture and.forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land.use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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d.ep Energies for Estimating Three-d.mensional Facial Pose and.Expression

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Communications on Applied.Mathematics and.Computation 2024年第2期6卷 837-861页

作者： Jane Wu michael Bao Xinwei Yao Ronald.Fed.iw d.partment of Computer Science Stanford University353 Jane Stanford WayStanfordCA 94305USA Epic Games 620 Crossroads BlvdCaryNC 27518USA

While much progress has been mad. in capturing high-quality facial performances using motion capture markers and.shape-from-shad.ng,high-end.systems typically also rely on rotoscope curves hand.d.awn on the *** curves are subjective and.d.fficult to d.aw consistently;moreover,ad.hoc proced.ral method. are required.for generating matching rotoscope curves on synthetic rend.rs embed.ed.in the optimization used.to d.termine three-d.mensional(3d.facial pose and.*** propose an alternative approach whereby these curves and.other keypoints are d.tected.automatically on both the image and.the synthetic rend.rs using trained.neural networks,eliminating artist subjectivity,and.the ad.hoc proced.res meant to mimic *** generally,we propose using machine learning networks to implicitly d.fine d.ep energies which when minimized.using classical optimization techniques lead.to 3d.facial pose and.expression estimation.

关键词： Numerical optimization Neural networks Motion capture Face tracking

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