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The Brain Connectome for Chinese Reading

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第9期38卷 1097-1113页

作者： Wanwan Guo Shujie Geng Miao Cao Jianfeng Feng Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence(Ministry of Education) Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China

Chinese,as a logographic language,fundamentally differs from alphabetic languages like English.Previous neuroimaging studies have mainly focused on alphabetic languages,while the exploration of Chinese reading is still an emerging and fast-growing research field.Recently,a growing number of neuroimaging studies have explored the neural circuit of Chinese reading.Here,we summarize previous research on Chinese reading from a connectomic perspective.Converging evidence indicates that the left middle frontal gyrus is a specialized hub region that connects the ventral with dorsal pathways for Chinese reading.Notably,the orthography-to-phonology and orthography-to-semantics mapping,mainly processed in the ventral pathway,are more specific during Chinese reading.Besides,in addition to the left-lateralized language-related regions,reading pathways in the right hemisphere also play an important role in Chinese reading.Throughout,we comprehensively review prior findings and emphasize several challenging issues to be explored in future work.

关键词： Brain connectome Chinese reading Word recognition Reading comprehension Structural connectivity Functional connectivity

Frequency-Resolved Connectome Hubs and Their Test-Retest Reliability in the Resting Human Brain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第5期38卷 519-532页

作者： Lei Wang Xiaodan Chen Yuehua Xu Miao Cao Xuhong Liao Yong He State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence(Fudan University) Ministry of EducationShanghai 200433China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China

Functional hubs with disproportionately extensive connectivities play a crucial role in global information integration in human brain networks.However,most resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(R-fMRI)studies have identified functional hubs by examining spontaneous fluctuations of the blood oxygen level-dependent signal within a typical low-frequency band(e.g.,0.01–0.08 Hz or 0.01–0.1 Hz).Little is known about how the spatial distributions of functional hubs depend on frequency bands of interest.Here,we used repeatedly measured R-fMRI data from 53 healthy young adults and a degree centrality analysis to identify voxelwise frequency-resolved functional hubs and further examined their test-retest reliability across two sessions.We showed that a wide-range frequency band(0.01–0.24 Hz)accessible with a typical sampling rate(fsample=0.5 Hz)could be classified into three frequency bands with distinct patterns,namely,low-frequency(LF,0.01–0.06 Hz),middle-frequency(MF,0.06–0.16 Hz),and high-frequency(HF,0.16–0.24 Hz)bands.The functional hubs were mainly located in the medial and lateral frontal and parietal cortices in the LF band,and in the medial prefrontal cortex,superior temporal gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,amygdala,and several cerebellar regions in the MF and HF bands.These hub regions exhibited fair to good test-retest reliability,regardless of the frequency band.The presence of the three frequency bands was well replicated using an independent R-fMRI dataset from 45 healthy young adults.Our findings demonstrate reliable frequency-resolved functional connectivity hubs in three categories,thus providing insights into the frequency-specific connectome organization in healthy and disordered brains.

关键词： Connectome Hubs Frequency Degree centrality Test-retest reliability

In-situ growth of porous Cu_(3)(BTC)_(2) on cellulose nanofibrils for ultra-low dielectric films with high flexibility

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第17期112卷 202-211页

作者： Rui Liu Xiang He miao miao Shaomei cao Xin Feng Department of Chemistry College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Research Center of Nano Science and Technology College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The design of flexible polymeric films with internal porous structures has received increasing attention in low dielectric applications.The highly porous metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)of[Cu_(3)(BTC)_(2)]_(n)(BTC=benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate)were introduced into aramid nanofibers(ANF)matrix by using carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)as carriers to obtain strong,flexible,and ultra-low dielectric films.The well-dispersed“flowers-branch”like CNF@CuBTC through in-situ growth of CuBTC on CNF surface endowed the ANF/CNF@Cu BTC films with excellent thermal stability,mechanical integrity and low dielectric properties.Besides,the flexible dielectric films exhibited superior ultraviolet(UV)resistance,lower coefficient of thermal expansion(4.28×10^(-5)℃^(-1))and increased water contact angle(83.81°).More interestingly,the removal of guest molecules from the ANF/CNF@CuBTC films according to the vacuum heat treatment(VHT)process significantly improved their dielectric response.The specific surface areas of the composite films after VHT increased obviously,and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent decreased to the expected 1.8-2.2 and 0.001-0.03 at 100 MHz,respectively.Consequently,such designable ultra-low dielectric films with high flexibility play an incredible significance in applications of microelectronics under large deformation conditions,especially in flexible/wearable devices at the arrival of 5 G era.

关键词： Aramid nanofibers Carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils Vacuum heat treatment Dielectric properties Metal-organic frameworks

In-situ growth of polypyrrole on aramid nanofibers for electromagnetic interference shielding films with high stability

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8536-8545页

作者： Jianyu Zhou Sineenat Thaiboonrod Jianhui Fang Shaomei cao miao miao Xin Feng Research Center of Nano Science and Technology College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China National Nanotechnology Center(NANOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)Thailand Science ParkPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Flexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding films with high stability have shown promising prospect in harsh working conditions such as military,communication,and special protection fields.Herein,flexible aramid nanofibers@polypyrrole(ANF@PPy)films with high stability were easily achieved by the in-situ growth of PPy on the surface of ANF and the subsequent pressured-filtration film-forming process.When the amount of pyrrole(Py)monomer is 40μL,the ANF@PPy(AP40)film exhibited excellent EMI shielding performance with shielding effectiveness(SE)of 41.69 dB,tensile strength of 96.01 MPa,and fracture strain of 21.95%at the thickness of 75.76μm.Particularly,the anticipated EMI shielding performance can be maintained even after being heated at 200℃in air,soaked in 3.5%NaCl solution,repeated folding for one million times,or burned directly,indicating superior environmental durability in harsh conditions.Therefore,it is believed that the ANF@PPy films with high stability offer a facile solution for practical protection for high-performance EMI shielding applications.

关键词： in-situ growth of polypyrrole(PPy)on aramid nanofibers(ANF) electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding films high stability water-resistance thermal mechanical properties

The structural connectome in ADHD

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Psychoradiology 2021年第4期1卷 257-271页

作者： Xuan Bu Miao Cao Xiaoqi Huang Yong He State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence(Fudan University) Ministry of EducationShanghai 200433China Huaxi MR Research Center West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)has been conceptualized as a brain dysconnectivity disorder.In the past decade,noninvasive diffusion magnetic resonance imaging(dMRI)studies have demonstrated that individuals with ADHD have alterations in the white matter structural connectome,and that these alterations are associated with core symptoms and cognitive deficits in patients.This review aims to summarize recent dMRI-based structural connectome studies in ADHD from voxel-,tractography-,and network-based perspectives.Voxel-and tractography-based studies have demonstrated disrupted microstructural properties predominantly located in the frontostriatal tracts,the corpus callosum,the corticospinal tracts,and the cingulum bundle in patients with ADHD.Network-based studies have suggested abnormal global and local efficiency as well as nodal properties in the prefrontal and parietal regions in the ADHD structural connectomes.The altered structural connectomes in those with ADHD provide significant signatures for prediction of symptoms and diagnostic classification.These studies suggest that abnormalities in the structural connectome may be one of the neural underpinnings of ADHD psychopathology and show potential for establishing imaging biomarkers in clinical evaluation.However,given that there are inconsistent findings across studies due to sample heterogeneity and analysis method variations,these ADHD-related white matter alterations are still far from informing clinical practice.Future studies with larger and more homogeneous samples are needed to validate the consistency of current results;advanced dMRI techniques can help to generatemuchmore precise estimation of whitematter pathways and assure specific fiber configurations;and finally,dimensional analysis frameworks can deepen our understanding of the neurobiology underlying ADHD.

关键词： attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder white matter diffusion MRI connectomics

Engineering Antibacterial Activities and Biocompatibility of Hyperbranched Lysine-based Random Copolymers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第3期41卷 345-355,I0006页

作者： Hui Liu Xiao Liu Yuan-Qiao cao Ming Liu miao-miao Han Sheng-Xiang Ji Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)have been considered as an alternative to small molecule antibiotics since they are difficult to develop antimicrobial resistance.Hyperbranched polylysine(HPL),an AMP mimics,has gained attention due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activities,but it also suffers from high toxicity.Here we report a facile strategy to engineer the toxicity of HPL by copolymerizing lysine(K)with a hydrophobic amino acid,e.g.,alanine(A),tryptophan(W)or phenylalanine(F),to afford hyperbranched random copolymers.These copolymers have comparable antibacterial activities to HPL while their cytotoxicities and in vivo toxicities are lowered when the type and content of hydrophobic amino acid and the size of copolymers are optimized.The G.mellonella infection model demonstrates that the copolymers are effective against the S.aureus infection in vivo.The copolymers kill the bacteria through the disruption of cell membranes and the bacteria do not develop resistance to the copolymers.

关键词： Hyperbranched random copolymers Lysine Hydrophobic amino acid Antibacterial activity High selectivity

C60intercalating Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXenes assisted by γ-cyclodextrin for electromagnetic interference shielding films with high stability

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第32期127卷 71-77页

作者： Kunpeng Qian Shuang Li Jianhui Fang Yuhuan Yang Shaomei cao miao miao Xin Feng School of Materials Sciences and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Research Center of Nano Science and Technology Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Dehong Autonomous Prefecture Institute of Sugar Industry Yunnan 678400China

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXenes with excellent metallic conductivity and flexibility have shown a promising prospect as electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding materials. Ultrathin, hierarchical hybrid films were fabricated by using C60intercalating Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXenes with the assistance of water-soluble γ-cyclodextrin(CD). The C_(60)/CD complex was obtained by high-speed vibration milling using hydrophilic CD as dispersing agent. After thermal annealing treatment, the obtained hybrid film exhibited excellent EMI shielding(53.52±0.43 dB), hydrophobicity(water contact angle: 93.7°) and mechanical stability(over 0.9 million bending times). Taking advantage of the antioxidant of C_(60), the chemical durability of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXenes based hybrid films was also improved as expected. These results indicate that the well-designed hierarchical hybrid films with the intercalation of C_(60) have promising potential for high-performance EMI shielding applications.

关键词： Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXenes C_(60) High conductivity Stability EMI shielding

Research on Bionic Jumping and Soft Landing of Single Leg System in Quadruped Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第5期20卷 2088-2107页

作者： Jinzhu Zhang miao Li Jiandong cao Yuhan Dou Xiaoyan Xiong College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

This paper proposed a novel multi-motion wheel-leg-separated quadruped robot that can adapt to both the structured and unstructured grounds.The models of the positive/inverse position,velocity,acceleration,and workspace of the single leg mechanism in the quadruped robot were established.A single leg complex dynamic model of the quadruped robot is derived,considering the mass and inertial force of all the components in the mechanical leg.Combined with the human jumping law in situ,the jumping trajectory of the single leg was planned.To reduce landing impact,a soft landing strategy based on motion planning was proposed by simulating human knee bending and buffering action.The change law of the kinetic energy and momentum of all the links in the single leg mechanism during the jump process was studied,and the influencing factors of jump height were analyzed to realize the height control of the jump.Single leg jumping dynamics model was established,and a dynamic control strategy for trajectory tracking with foot force compensation was proposed.In Adams and MATLAB/Simulink software,the jump simulation of single leg mechanism was carried out.The prototype of quadruped robot was developed,and the jumping experiment of the single leg mechanism was tested.The robot's single leg bionic jumping and soft landing control are realized.

关键词： Wheel-leg-separated quadruped robot Bionic jumping Dynamic modeling Soft landing

Structural optimization design of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement using modulus matching criterion and multi-indicator range analysis

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 131-159页

作者： Zhihao Yang Linbing Wang Dongwei cao Yinghao miao Hailu Yang China Airport Planning&Design Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101312China Department of Road and Urban Railway Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Environmental CivilAgricultural and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA China-Road Transportation Verification&Inspection Hi-Tech Co. Ltd.Beijing 100088China

Damage to semi-rigid base asphalt pavement is related to improper matching of the pavement structure moduli.This study mainly focused on the modulus matching of structural layers and the development of a pavement structure optimization method.First,the modulus loss of existing pavement structures was analysed,and a three-dimensional finite element model was established based on the existing pavement.Second,the influence of the modulus of each structural layer on the mechanical response indicators and fatigue life was analysed.Based on the results,a pavement structure design method using the smoothness of the stress-strain curve as the modulus matching criterion of the structural layers was proposed.And it was found that a strain convex point was present and that the stress mutation between the structural layers was significant when the modulus matching of the pavement structure was reasonable.Further,the evaluation indicators were divided into two groups,namely,mechanical indicators and fatigue life indicators.And it was proposed an optimized pavement structure design method based on modulus matching and multi-indicator range analysis.Finally,the optimal modulus combination of pavement structure was determined by this method.The research systematically studied the influence of the modulus of each structural layer on the mechanical response and fatigue life of the pavement,and proposed the concept and specific executive criteria of modulus matching for the first time.Meanwhile,it also provided an effective optimization method for pavement structure design.

关键词： Stress-strain curve Modulus matching Structural optimization design Multi-indicator range analysis Fatigue life