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China CDC weekly 2024年第11期6卷 203-207,I0001-I0003页

作者： Chi Shen Xi chen School of Public Policy and Administration Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Health Policy and Management Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTU.S Department of Economics Yale UniversityNew HavenCTU.S

What is already known about this topic?There is mounting evidence indicating that the aging process initiates during early life stages,with in utero the individual’s environment playing a significant role.Consequently,it is crucial to comprehend the enduring effects of early life circumstances on health in old age.What is added by this report?In this study,we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of the Chinese Famine(1959–1961)on the health of older adults.We also explored potential mechanisms underlying these effects.What are the implications for public health practice?The complex interplay between early life circumstances,multiple health-related sectors,and healthy aging necessitates a comprehensive life-course approach and strategic interventions to enhance public health in an aging society.

关键词： life aging mount

Untoward immune effects of modern medication

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第1期38卷 17-23页

作者： Daohong chen Research Institute Changshan Biochemical PharmaceuticalShijiazhuangHebei 050800China.

Immune-related adverse events(irAEs)represent an increasingly concerning challenge in the assessment of biopharmaceutical products.In contrast to historically rare allergic reactions associated with small chemical drugs,contemporary biotherapeutics exhibit a significantly higher morbidity of irAEs,because of their complex structure and comprehensive mechanisms of action.While the immunogenicity of protein-based compounds is associated with the induction of anti-drug antibodies,the pathogenesis of irAEs in advanced biologics,such as cell and gene therapy,remains to be further delineated.In the current study,I present an updated profile regarding the untoward immune effects of medications,covering various material categories systematically,with the underlying mechanisms to inspire risk mitigation in biopharmaceutical development and application.

关键词： immunotoxicology immune-related adverse events anti-drug antibody

Design of an on‑chip wavelength conversion device assisted by an erbium‑ytterbium co‑doped waveguide amplifier

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 51-60页

作者： chen Zhou Xiwen He Mingyue Xiao Deyue Ma Weibiao chen Zhiping Zhou School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Aerospace Laser Technology and System Department Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Hangzhou Aijie Optoelectronic Technology Co.Ltd. Hangzhou 311400China

In current documented studies,it has been observed that wavelength converters utilizing AlGaAsOI waveguides exhibit suboptimal on-chip wavelength conversion efficiency from the C-band to the 2μm band,generally falling below−20.0 dB.To address this issue,we present a novel wavelength conversion device assisted by a waveguide amplifier,incorporating both AlGaAs wavelength converter and erbium-ytterbium co-doped waveguide amplifier,thereby achieving a notable conversion efficiency exceeding 0 dB.The noteworthy enhancement in efficiency can be attributed to the specific dispersion design of the AlGaAs wavelength converter,which enables an upsurge in conversion efficiency to−15.54 dB under 100 mW of pump power.Furthermore,the integration of an erbium-ytterbium co-doped waveguide amplifier facilitates a loss compensation of over 15 dB.Avoiding the use of external optical amplifiers,this device enables efficient and high-bandwidth wavelength conversion,showing promising applications in various fields,such as optical communication,sensing,imaging,and beyond.

关键词： Silicon-based optoelectronics Wavelength conversion Waveguide amplifier 2μm band

Tuberculosis Prevalence Trends from a Predictive Modelling Study-10 High-Burden Countries,1980-2035

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 225-229,I0001,I0002页

作者： Qiuping chen Qiao Liu Kangguo Li Laurent Gavotte Roger Frutos Tianmu chen CIRAD IntertrypMontpellierFrance Universitéde Montpellier MontpellierFrance State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine LaboratorySchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina Espace-Dev Universitéde MontpellierMontpellierFrance

What is already known about this topic?Given the challenges presented by drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis(TB)and the rising mobility of the population,achieving the objective of eradicating TB appears uncertain.What is added by this report?The examination of TB incidence trends in 10 highburden countries(HBCs)indicated a steady rise in cases,with India and China jointly accounting for nearly 70%of the burden.Projections for the future show diverse trajectories in these countries,with potential difficulties in reaching the TB elimination target,especially in Nigeria,Congo,and South Africa.What are the implications for public health practice?The number of TB cases is on the rise.It is crucial to learn from successful strategies to improve TB prevention and control worldwide through collaborative efforts.

关键词： tuberculosis uncertain Tuberculosis

Application of artificial hibernation technology in acute brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1940-1946页

作者： Xiaoni Wang Shulian chen Xiaoyu Wang Zhen Song Ziqi Wang Xiaofei Niu Xiaochu chen Xuyi chen Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces TianjinChina

Controlling intracranial pressure,nerve cell regeneration,and microenvironment regulation are the key issues in reducing mortality and disability in acute brain injury.There is currently a lack of effective treatment methods.Hibernation has the characteristics of low temperature,low metabolism,and hibernation rhythm,as well as protective effects on the nervous,cardiovascular,and motor systems.Artificial hibernation technology is a new technology that can effectively treat acute brain injury by altering the body’s metabolism,lowering the body’s core temperature,and allowing the body to enter a state similar to hibernation.This review introduces artificial hibernation technology,including mild hypothermia treatment technology,central nervous system regulation technology,and artificial hibernation-inducer technology.Upon summarizing the relevant research on artificial hibernation technology in acute brain injury,the research results show that artificial hibernation technology has neuroprotective,anti-inflammatory,and oxidative stress-resistance effects,indicating that it has therapeutic significance in acute brain injury.Furthermore,artificial hibernation technology can alleviate the damage of ischemic stroke,traumatic brain injury,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction,and other diseases,providing new strategies for treating acute brain injury.However,artificial hibernation technology is currently in its infancy and has some complications,such as electrolyte imbalance and coagulation disorders,which limit its use.Further research is needed for its clinical application.

关键词： cute brain injury artificial hibernation hypothermia low metabolism mild hypothermia

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 involved in the analgesic effects of total flavonoids extracted from Longxuejie(Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis)

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 437-447页

作者： MO Xiaoqiang chen Yating YIN Qian chen Haibo BAN Qiang LI Jun chen Su YAO Jinguang Department of Stomatology Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities College of General Practitioners Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities College of Biomedical Engineering South-Central Minzu UniversityKey Laboratory of Cognitive Science of State Ethnic Affairs CommissionHubei Key Laboratory of Medical Information Analysis and Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment College of Pharmacy South-Central Minzu University

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the analgesic effects of total flavonoids of Longxuejie(Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis)(TFDB) and explore the possible analgesic mechanism associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).METHODS: Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to observe the effects of TFDB on capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents. Rat experiments in vivo were used to observe the analgesic effects of TFDB. Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments were used to test the change of TRPV1 expression in DRG neurons induced by TFDB.RESULTS: Results showed that TFDB inhibited capsaicin-induced TRPV1 receptor currents in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons of rats and the half inhibitory concentration was(16.7 ± 1.6) mg/L.TFDB(2-20 mg/kg) showed analgesic activity in the phase Ⅱ of formalin test and(0.02-2 mg per paw)reduced capsaicin-induced licking times of rats. TFDB(20 mg/kg) was fully efficacious on complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-induced inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia and capsaicin could weaken the analgesic effects. The level of TRPV1 expressions of DRG neurons was also decreased in TFDB-treated CFA-inflammatory pain rats.CONCLUSION: All these results indicated that the analgesic effect of TFDB may contribute to their modulations on both function and expression of TRPV1 channels in DRG neurons.

关键词： Freund's adjuvant Longxuejie () capsaicin flavonoids formaldehyde inflammatory pain transient receptor potential vanilloid 1

Total suprarenal aortic occlusion with cardiac disease: a case series of three cases

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 59-61页

作者： Yuanli Lei Jiaozhen chen Qin chen Jiana Yin Weijia Huang Wenxing Song Shouquan chen Department of Emergency Medicine the First Affi liated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Department of Electrocardiogram Wenzhou People's HospitalWenzhou 325000China

Acute aortic occlusion(AAO)has been very rarely reported in the literature and is a potentially life-threatening emergency.[1-5]AAO mostly occurs in cardiac disease patients,[1-4,6,7]and leads to cardiac complications.[1,2,5,6]Suprarenal aortic occlusion(SAO)is a very rare type of AAO,and infrarenal aortic occlusion(IAO)accounts for 75.8%-97.8%.[1,3,5-7]SAO is different from IAO in some clinical manifestations,treatment strategies,and prognoses.[3,6-8]SAO with cardiac disease will make the condition more complex and could easily cause a delay in diagnosis and portend worse outcomes with amputation and mortality rates.[1,3,6]Early and fast diagnosis and positive revascularization treatment are necessary to prevent cases from becoming fatal.[1-3]Herein,we present a case series of SAO with cardiac disease.

关键词： cardiac occlusion diagnosis

Thin paints for durable and scalable radiative cooling

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 176-182,I0006页

作者： Shanquan Liu Fei Zhang Xingyu chen Hongjie Yan Wei chen Meijie chen School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina School of Intelligent Manufacturing Ecosystem Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215400JiangsuChina

Passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC) is environment-friendly without energy input by enhancing the coating's solar reflectance(R_(solar)) and thermal emittance(ε_(LWIR)) in the atmosphere's long-wave infrared transmission window.However,high R_(solar) is usually achieved by increasing the coating's thickness,which not only increases materials' cost but also impairs heat transfer.Additionally,the desired high R_(solar) is vulnerable to dust pollution in the outdoors.In this work,a thin paint was designed by mixing hBN plates,PFOTS,and IPA. R_(solar)=0.963 and ε_(LWIR)=0.927 was achieved at a thickness of 150 μm due to the high backscattering ability of scatters.A high through-plane thermal conductivity(~1.82 W m^(-1) K^(-1)) also can be obtained.In addition,the porous structure coupled with the binder PFOTS resulted in a contact angle of 154°,demonstrating excellent durability under dust contamination.Outdoor experiments showed that the thin paint can obtain a 2.3℃ lower temperature for sub-ambient cooling than the reference PDRC coating in the daytime.Furtherly,the above-ambient heat dissipation performance can be enhanced by spraying the thin paint on a 3D heat sink,which was 15.7℃ lower than the reference 1D structure,demonstrating excellent performance for durable and scalable PDRC applications.

关键词： Radiative cooling Heat dissipation Solar reflectance Thermal emittance Contact angle

Pathological progression of osteoarthritis:a perspective on subchondral bone

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 237-257页

作者： Xuefei Li Wenhua chen Dan Liu Pinghua chen Shiyun Wang Fangfang Li Qian chen Shunyi Lv Fangyu Li chen chen Suxia Guo Weina Yuan Pan Li Zhijun Hu Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai200032China Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative bone disease associated with aging.The rising global aging population has led to a surge in OA cases,thereby imposing a significant socioeconomic burden.Researchers have been keenly investigating the mechanisms underlying OA.Previous studies have suggested that the disease starts with synovial inflammation and hyperplasia,advancing toward cartilage degradation.Ultimately,subchondral-bone collapse,sclerosis,and osteophyte formation occur.This progression is deemed as“top to bottom.”However,recent research is challenging this perspective by indicating that initial changes occur in subchondral bone,precipitating cartilage breakdown.In this review,we elucidate the epidemiology of OA and present an in-depth overview of the subchondral bone’s physiological state,functions,and the varied pathological shifts during OA progression.We also introduce the role of multifunctional signal pathways(including osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand(RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B(RANK),and chemokine(CXC motif)ligand 12(CXCL12)/CXC motif chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4))in the pathology of subchondral bone and their role in the“bottom-up”progression of OA.Using vivid pattern maps and clinical images,this review highlights the crucial role of subchondral bone in driving OA progression,illuminating its interplay with the condition.

关键词： osteoarthritis subchondral bone OPG/RANKL/RANK CXCL12/CXCR4

Evaluation of 3D crustal seismic velocity models in southwest China:Model performance,limitation,and prospects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 604-619页

作者： Xin WANG Ling chen Qi-Fu chen Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Southwest China is a tectonically and seismically active region,witnessing strong deformation due to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates.Constraining the subsurface velocity structure of this region is thus important in understanding the tectonics and geodynamic processes of continental collision and in mitigating seismic hazards.Numerous studies have provided various 3D seismic velocity models in southwest China.However,discrepancies exist among these models,and less effort has been made to quantify the reliability and accuracy of these existing velocity models.In this study,we use regional 3D waveform simulation to evaluate the performance of various regional crustal 3D velocity models in reproducing observed seismograms.We particularly focus on two recent earthquake sequence in the region,the 2021 Yunnan Yangbi MS_(6.4) earthquake sequence and the 2022 Sichuan Luding MS_(6.8) earthquake sequence.The tested 3D velocity models include the Southwest China Community Velocity model V1.0,the Unified Seismic Tomography Models for Continental China Lithosphere V2.0,the adjoint full waveform tomography model of the crustal and upper mantle beneath Eastern Tibetan Plateau,and the shallow seismic structure model beneath continental China.Our results show that the tested 3D velocity models generally capture well long-period(<0.2 Hz)waveforms,indicating that the 3D models adequately resolve overall large-scale subsurface structures.However,the 3D synthetics show discrepancies in higher frequencies(0.05–0.3 Hz)and the performance of the 3D velocity models varies from region to region,suggesting that smaller scale heterogeneities are not well constrained.Including shallow velocity structures(<10 km)can improve the waveform fitting,emphasizing the importance of incorporating shallow structures in waveform modeling.The full-waveform tomography model shows a slighter better performance than the other models,especially for the body-waves,highlighting the advantages of full-waveform method in achieving sub-wavele

关键词： Southwest China Seismic tomography models Shallow Structures Waveform simulation Model evaluation