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Novel concept of nano-additive design:PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles for water lubrication

Friction 2024年第2期12卷 258-270页

作者： Yanfei LIU Hailing HE Meng Yang Ruize ZHANG Shengtao YU Tiantian yang Wenzhong WANG Fuxin LIANG School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Polymer Science&Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)has been widely used as a lubrication additive for reducing friction and wear;however,the hydrophobic nature of PTFE restricts its application in eco-friendly water-based lubrication systems.In this study,for the first time,we designed novel PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles(JNs)to meet the requirement for additives in water-based lubricants,which have excellent dispersion stability in water attributed to the unique amphiphilic structure.By introducing the lubrication of the aqueous dispersion of the JNs with a concentration of 0.5 wt%,the coefficient of friction(COF)and wear volume were reduced by 63.8%and 94.2%,respectively,comparing to those with the lubrication of pure water.Meanwhile,the JNs suspension also exhibits better lubrication and wear-resistance performances comparing to commercial silica and PTFE suspensions.The excellent tribological behaviors of PTFE@silica JNs as nano-additives could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the two components,where the PTFE provided lubrication through the formed tribofilms on the friction pairs,and the rigid silica further enhanced the wear-resistance performance.Most importantly,the unique structure of JNs makes it possible to use PTFE as an additive in water-lubrication systems.Our study shed light on the design and application of novel JNs nanomaterials as additives to meet the requirements of future industrial applications.

关键词： Janus nanoparticles(JNs) polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) nano-additives friction lubrication

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Investigating the causal associations between five anthropometric indicators and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1215-1226页

作者： Xian-Pei Xiao Yong-Jun Dai Yu Zhang Meng Yang Jian Xie Guo Chen Zheng-Jun yang Department of Oncology Luojiang District People's Hospital of Deyang CityDeyang 618000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics Luojiang District People's Hospital of Deyang CityDeyang 618000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicalChengdu 610500Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Although the etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has not been thoroughly understood,the emerging roles of anthropometric indicators in assessing and predicting the risk of NAFLD have been highlighted by accumulating evidence.AIM To evaluate the causal relationships between five anthropometric indicators and NAFLD employing Mendelian randomization(MR)design.METHODS The Anthropometric Consortium provided genetic exposure data for five anthropometric indicators,including hip circumference(HC),waist circumference(WC),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),body mass index(BMI),and body fat percentage(BF).Genetic outcome data for NAFLD were obtained from the United Kingdom Biobank and FinnGen Consortium.Genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms were chosen as instrumental variables.Univariable MR(UVMR)and multivariable MR(MVMR)designs with analytical approaches,including inverse variance weighted(IVW),MR-Egger,weighted median(WM),and weighted mode methods,were used to assess the causal relationships between anthropometric indicators and NAFLD.RESULTS Causal relationships were revealed by UVMR,indicating that a higher risk of NAFLD was associated with a perunit increase in WC[IVW:odds ratio(OR)=2.67,95%CI:1.42-5.02,P=2.25×10^(−3)],and BF was causally associated with an increased risk of NAFLD(WM:OR=2.23,95%CI:1.07-4.66,P=0.033).The presence of causal effects of WC on the decreased risk of NAFLD was supported by MVMR after adjusting for BMI and smoking.However,no causal association between BF and NAFLD was observed.In addition,other causal relationships of HC,WHR(BMI adjusted),and BMI with the risk of NAFLD were not retained after FDR correction.CONCLUSION This study establishes a causal relationship,indicating that an increase in WC is associated with a higher risk of NAFLD.This demonstrates that a suitable decrease in WC is advantageous for preventing NAFLD.

关键词： Anthropometric indicator Waist circumference Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Mendelian randomization Genetic variant

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Selenium Differentially Regulates Flavonoid Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacities in Sprouts of Twenty Diverse Mungbean(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)Genotypes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 611-625页

作者： Fenglan Zhao Jizhi Jin Meng Yang Franklin Eduardo Melo Santiago Jianping Xue Li Xu Yongbo Duan Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants College of Life SciencesHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Department of Soil Science Federal Institute of PiauiUruçuíPiauí64860-000Brazil The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang550003China

Seed germination with selenium(Se)is promising for producing Se-biofortiﬁed foods.Mungbean(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)sprout is freshly eaten as a salad dressed with sauce,making it superior for Se biofortiﬁcation.Since the Se safety range for the human body is extremely narrow,it is imperative to evaluate the genotypic responses of mungbean sprouts to Se.This study evaluated the Se enrichment capacity and interaction withﬂavonoids and antioxidant systems in sprouts of 20 mungbean germplasms.Selenium treatment was done by immersing mung-bean seeds in 20μM sodium selenite solution for 8 h.Afterward,the biomass,Se amounts,ﬂavonoid(particularly vitexin and isovitexin)contents,antioxidant capacity,and key biosynthetic gene expressions were measured.Sprout Se content was 2.0-7.0μg g^(-1) DW among the 20 mungbean germplasms.Selenium treatment differentially affected the biomass,totalﬂavonoid,vitexin,isovitexin,antioxidant enzyme activities,and antioxidant capacities of the mungbean germplasms.Eight germplasms showed increased biomass(p<0.05),the highest increasing by 127%,but 13 did not phenotypically respond to Se treatment.Seven and six germplasms showed varied levels of vitexin and isovitexin increment after Se treatment,the highest measuring 2.67-and 2.87-folds for vitexin and isovitexin,respectively.Two mungbeanﬂavonoid biosynthesis genes,chalcone synthase(VrCHS)and chalcone isomerase(VrCHI)were signiﬁcantly up-regulated in the germplasms with increased vitexin and isovitexin levels(p<0.05).Moreover,Se enrichment capacity was signiﬁcantly correlated with the vitexin,isovitexin,and antiox-idant capacities.In conclusion,mungbean sprouts could be a useful Se-biofortiﬁed food,but the Se enrichment capacity and nutritional response must be determined for each germplasm before commercialization.

关键词： Antioxidant capacity gene expression genotypic variation isovitexin vitexin selenium

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Identification of new diagnostic targets for hepatitis B virus‐induced liver fibrosis

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iLABMED 2024年第1期2卷 27-37页

作者： Ying Wang Shuo Qin Meng Yang Xiaoling Wang Department of Clinical Laboratory Shanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Academy of Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina

Background:Liver fibrosis is a transitional stage from hepatitis to cirrhosis,and hepatitis B virus(HBV)is the most common cause of liver disease.Transcriptome sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis are increasingly being used to screen diagnostic targets for liver fibrosis.Methods:The GSE171294 dataset of HBV-induced liver fibrosis tissue and normal tissue was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)public database and used to screen for differentially expressed mRNAs using R software.mRNAs with|log fold change|>1 and p<0.05 were considered to be differentially expressed.A heat map was drawn to visualize the expression patterns of the differentially expressed mRNAs.To screen for candidate target mRNAs,the differentially expressed mRNAs were annotated by Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis.Finally,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed to analyze the relationships between the differen-tially expressed mRNAs.Results:A total of 243 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified(p<0.05);129 were up-regulated and 114 were down-regulated.The up-regulated and down-regulated mRNAs were significantly enriched in 16 and 8 KEGG pathways,respectively.The enriched KEGG pathways included Sal-monella infection,Protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum,IL-17 signaling pathway,and Aldosterone synthesis and secretion.The enriched GO terms were related mainly to cell proliferation,apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum complex assembly,and myosin synthesis.The PPI network con-tained 161 nodes and 120 pairs of interactions.The top 10 key nodes were CAV1,CD4,NR3C1,PDIA3,EZR,IRF4,SOX9,HSP90AB1,CD40,and SEC13.Conclusions:Bioinformatics analysis of the transcriptome sequencing data in the GSE171294 dataset identified CD4,NR3C1,and EZR and other genes at key nodes as new targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis caused by HBV.These results provide new insights for HBV‐induced liver fibrosis research and clinical treatment.

关键词： expression profiles HBV liver fibrosis transcriptome sequencing

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Strong Anisotropic Order Parameters at All-Nitride Ferromagnet/Superconductor Interfaces

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第2期41卷 102-111页

作者： Qiao Jin Meng Yang Guozhu Song Nan Zhao Shengru Chen Haitao Hong Ting Cui Dongke Rong Qianying Wang Yiyan Fan Chen Ge Can Wang Jiachang Bi Yanwei Cao Liusuo Wu Shanmin Wang Kui-Juan Jin Zhi-Gang Cheng Er-Jia Guo Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Physics&Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

Proximity effects between superconductors and ferromagnets(SC/FM)hold paramount importance in comprehending the spin competition transpiring at their interfaces.This competition arises from the interplay between Cooper pairs and ferromagnetic exchange interactions.The proximity effects between transition metal nitrides(TMNs)are scarcely investigated due to the formidable challenges of fabricating high-quality SC/FM interfaces.We fabricated heterostructures comprising SC titanium nitride(TiN)and FM iron nitride(Fe_(3)N)with precise chemical compositions and atomically well-defined interfaces.The magnetoresistance of Fe_(3)N/TiN heterostructures shows a distinct magnetic anisotropy and strongly depends on the external perturbations.Moreover,the superconducting transition temperatureT_(C) and critical field of TiN experience notable suppression when proximity to Fe_(3)N.We observe the intriguing competition of interfacial spin orientations near𝑇T_(C)(∼1.25 K).These findings not only add a new materials system for investigating the interplay between superconductor and ferromagnets,but also potentially provide a building block for future research endeavors and applications in the realms of superconducting spintronic devices.

关键词： proximity Superconductor titanium

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Natural marmatite photocatalyst for treatment of mineral processing wastewater to help zero wastewater discharge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 83-91页

作者： Meirong Wu Wei Sun Xiangsong meng Jianhua Kang Yue yang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Mineral processing wastewater(MPW)with large discharge and high toxicity affects environmental safety,and the realizing zero discharge of MPW is of great significance for reducing environmental pollution,saving water resources,and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry.In this study,we reported natural marmatite(NM)as a low-cost and efficient photocatalyst for the treatment of MPW to help zero wastewater discharge.The photocatalytic activity of NM was evaluated by the removal of total organic carbon(TOC)from MPW under visible-light illumination,and the optimal degradation conditions were discussed.Results showed that superoxide free radicals(^(·)O_(2)^(-))were the dominant active species responsible for organic pollutants degradation,and 74.25%TOC removal was obtained after 120 min reaction under the optimum treatment conditions.Meanwhile,the wastewater treated by NM photocatalysis can be reused in the flotation system without adverse impact on the product index.Based on these findings,a model of zero wastewater discharge for flotation with the help of photocatalytic treatment was established,it indicated that the water of the whole system can be balanced without affecting the ore dressing index,which showed that visible light-driven photocatalyst has a promising application prospect in the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater.

关键词： Natural mineral Photocatalysis Industrial wastewater Wastewater recycling Water balance

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Maximizing Submodular+Supermodular Functions Subject to a Fairness Constraint

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 46-55页

作者： Zhenning Zhang Kaiqiao meng Donglei Du yang Zhou Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Faculty of Management University of New BrunswickFredericton E3B 5A3Canada School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

We investigate the problem of maximizing the sum of submodular and supermodular functions under a fairness constraint.This sum function is non-submodular in general.For an offline model,we introduce two approximation algorithms:A greedy algorithm and a threshold greedy algorithm.For a streaming model,we propose a one-pass streaming algorithm.We also analyze the approximation ratios of these algorithms,which all depend on the total curvature of the supermodular function.The total curvature is computable in polynomial time and widely utilized in the literature.

关键词： submodular function supermodular function fairness constraint greedy algorithm threshold greedy algorithm streaming algorithm

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Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang yang Yu yang Li Ling Huang Greg Yarwood Fan meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China Asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of China.Utilising the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio.The O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)sensitivity.The source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved CAMx-OSAT.The results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition regime.The modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

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Double Moving Extremes Ranked Set Sampling Design

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 75-90页

作者： meng Chen Wang-xue Chen Rui yang Department of Mathematics and Statistics Jishou UniversityJishou416000China

The traditional simple random sampling(SRS)design method is inefficient in many cases.Statisticians proposed some new designs to increase efficiency.In this paper,as a variation of moving extremes ranked set sampling(MERSS),double MERSS(DMERSS)is proposed and its properties for estimating the population mean are considered.It turns out that,when the underlying distribution is symmetric,DMERSS gives unbiased estimators of the population mean.Also,it is found that DMERSS is more efficient than the SRS and MERSS methods for usual symmetric distributions(normal and uniform).For asymmetric distributions considered in this study,the DMERSS has a small bias and it is more efficient than SRS for usual asymmetric distribution(exponential)for small sample sizes.

关键词： double moving extremes ranked set sampling symmetric distribution efficiency

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Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in spermatogenesis and molecular evolution

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 575-585页

作者： Wen-Bo Chen meng-Fei Zhang Fan yang Jin-Lian Hua College of Veterinary Medicine Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering&TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Spermatogenic cell heterogeneity is determined by the complex process of spermatogenesis differentiation.However,effectively revealing the regulatory mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenic cell development and differentiation via traditional methods is difficult.Advances in technology have led to the emergence of many single-cell transcriptome sequencing protocols,which have partially addressed these challenges.In this review,we detail the principles of 10x Genomics technology and summarize the methods for downstream analysis of single-cell transcriptome sequencing data.Furthermore,we explore the role of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in revealing the heterogeneity of testicular ecological niche cells,delineating the establishment and disruption of testicular immune homeostasis during human spermatogenesis,investigating abnormal spermatogenesis in humans,and,ultimately,elucidating the molecular evolution of mammalian spermatogenesis.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Spermatogenesis Molecular evolution Sertoli cell

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