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Factors associated with concussion-symptom knowledge and attitudes toward concussion care seeking in a national survey of parents of middle-school children in the US

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 113-121页

作者： Zachary Y.Kerr Aliza K.Nedimyer melissa c.kay Avinash chandran Paula Gildner K.Hunter Byrd Juliet K.Haarbauer-Krupa Johna K.Register-Mihalik Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research center University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Injury Prevention Research center University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27510USA Human Movement Science curriculum University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA School of Health Professions University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMS 39406USA Datalys center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention IndianapolisIN 46202USA National center for Injury Prevention and control Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA 30341USA

Background:Developing appropriate concussion prevention and management paradigms in middle school(MS)settings requires understanding parents’general levels of concussion-related knowledge and *** study examined factors associated with concussion-symptom knowledge and care-seeking attitudes among parents of MS children(aged 10-15 years).Methods:A panel of 1224 randomly selected ***,aged ≥18 years and identifying as parents of MS children,completed an online questionnaire capturing parental and child *** parents’concussion-symptom knowledge was measured using 25 questions,with possible answers being“yes”,“maybe”,and“no”.correct answers earned 2 points,“maybe”answers earned 1 point,and incorrect answers earned 0 point(range:0-50;higher scores=better knowledge).concussion care-seeking attitudes were also collected using five 7-point scale items(range:5-35;higher scores=more positive attitudes).Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models identified predictors of higher *** met proportional odds *** odds ratios(aORs)with 95%confidence intervals(95%cIs)(excluding 1.00)were deemed statistically ***:Median scores were 39(interquartile range:32-44)for symptom knowledge and 32(interquartile range:28-35)for care-seeking *** multivariable models,odds of better symptom knowledge were higher in women ***(aOR=2.28;95%cI:1.71-3.05),white/non-Hispanics *** racial or ethnic groups(aOR=1.88;95%cI:1.42-2.49),higher parental age(10-year-increase aOR=1.47;95%cI:1.26-1.71),and greater competitiveness(10%-scale-increase aOR=1.24;95%cI:1.13-1.36).Odds of more positive care-seeking attitudes were higher in white/non-Hispanics *** racial or ethnic groups(aOR=1.45;95%cI:1.06-1.99)and in older parental age(10-year-increase aOR=1.24;95%cI:1.05-1.47).conclusion:characteristics of middle school children’s parents(e.g.,sex,race or ethnicity,age)are associated with their concussion-symptom knowle

关键词： Pediatrics Traumatic brain injury Youth

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 716-724页

作者： Zachary Yukio Kerr Avinash chandran Aliza K.Nedimyer Allison E.Rothschild melissa c.kay Paula Gildner K.Hunter Byrd Juliet K Haarbauer-Krupa Johna K.Register-Mihalik Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research center University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Injury Prevention Research center University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27510USA Human Movement Science curriculum University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Department of Health Behavior Gillings School of Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-7400USA School of Health Professions University of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMS 39406USA National center for Injury Prevention and control Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA 30341USA

Objective:Parents may use various information sources to obtain information about sport-related concussions(SRc).This study examined SRcrelated information sources used by parents of United States middle school children(age:10-15 years).Methods:A panel of 1083 randomly selected ***,aged≥18 years and identifying as parents of middle school children,completed an online questionnaire capturing parental and child characteristics,and utilization and perceived trustworthiness of various sources of SRc-related *** logistic regression models identified factors associated with utilizing each *** odds ratios(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(95%cIs)excluding 1.00 were deemed ***:Doctors/healthcare providers(49.9%)and other healthcare-related resources(e.g.,centers for Disease control and Prevention,WebMD)(37.8%)were common SRc-related information sources;64.0%of parents utilized≥1 of these *** sources were considered“very”or“extremely”trustworthy for SRc-related information among parents using these sources(doctors/healthcare providers:89.8%;other healthcare-related resources:70.9%).A 10-year increase in parental age was associated with higher odds of utilizing doctors/healthcare providers(adjusted odd ratio(OR_(adjusted))=1.09,95%cI:1.02-1.16)and other healthcare-related resources(OR_(adjusted)=1.11,95%cI:1.03-1.19).The odds of utilizing doctors/healthcare providers(OR_(adjusted)=0.58,95%cI:0.40-0.84)and other healthcare-related resources(OR_(adjusted)=0.64,95%cI:0.44-0.93)were lower among parents whose middle school children had concussion histories versus the parents of children who did not have concussion ***:One-third of parents did not report using doctors/healthcare providers or other healthcare-related resources for SRc-related *** associated with underutilization of these sources may be targets for future *** education for healthcare providers and e

关键词： Information seeking Media use Traumatic brain injury

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Factors and expectations influencing concussion disclosure within NcAA DivisionⅠathletes:A mixed methodological approach

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 388-397页

作者： melissa c.kay Heidi Hennink-Kaminski Zachary Y.Kerr Paula Gildner Brittany M.Ingram Kenneth L.cameron Megan N.Houston Laura A.Linnan Stephen W.Marshall Karen Y.Peck Johna K.Register-Mihalik School of Health Professions College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsUniversity of Southern MississippiHattiesburgMS 39406USA School of Media and Journalism University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Injury Prevention Research center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Exercise and Sport Science College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA center for the Study of Retired Athletes University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Keller Army Hospital United States Military AcademyWest PointNY 10996USA Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20814USA Department of Health Behavior School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Background:Participation in sports is associated with many benefits to all aspects of health;however,it also comes with the risk of injury,particularly ***-disclosure and care seeking following a concussion are especially important because of the lack of outwardly visible signs and/or *** recent research has explored factors affecting concussion disclosure,use of isolated methodologies limits the ability to contextualize how disclosure or nondisclosure ***,the purpose of this study was to describe the factors and expectations of National collegiate Athletic Association(NcAA)athletes that may influence concussion ***:This mixed-methods convergent parallel research study included 25 NcAA Division I athletes representing 13 sports,all of whom completed a concussion-education session with pre-/post-test surveys and a semistructured *** athletes were at least 18 years old and on an NcAA *** surveys focused on previous concussion-related disclosure behaviors,knowledge,attitudes,beliefs,norms,and intentions about disclosing *** focused on the athletes’experiences related to concussion *** data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U *** were analyzed using a consensual Qualitative Research ***:Participants had good concussion knowledge(median=46.0),positive attitudes(median=38.0),strong beliefs(median=13.0),and strong intentions to disclose concussion symptoms(median=7.0).None of the constructs differed by participants’*** quantitative findings were mostly positive,interview data highlighted factors that may explain why some participants are successful in disclosing concussions and why others may find disclosure *** efforts,sport culture,and medical professional presence were the primary facilitators discussed by ***,pressure,and a lack of team support were perceived as di

关键词： Education Medical professional presence Mixed methodological research Reporting Sport culture

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MORPHOLOGY, SEDIMENTARY BEDFORMS AND SAND TRANSPORT AcROSS A RIDGE-AND-RUNNEL BEAcH UNDER THE AcTION OF SUMMER WAVES

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1990年第3期8卷 197-212页

作者： christopher E.Vincent Robert c.kay 陈承惠李立 JackJarvis School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia U.K. 3rd Institute of Oceanography SOA Xiamen China Department of Geography University of St. Andrews Scotland

As part of a collaborative study between the 3rd Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, and the U-K. Universities of East Anglia and St. Andrews, a 4-day experiment was conducted on a ridge- and -runnel beach of north Norfolk on the North Sea coast- Detailed surveys were made of every low water of an area 10m by 30m and electromagnetic current meters were used to measure wave- induced currents over the ridge and in the runnel- The locations of bedform fields were noted, fluorescent sand was used to follow the sand movement and, at the end of the experiment, lacquer peels were taken of the top 0-2 m of a vertical section through the ridge- and- runnel-During the 4 days 0-75 m3 of sand per metre width of beach accreted in the runnel and a similar volume was eroded from the upper foreshore. The dominant shoreward transport, identified qualitatively by the movement of the fluorescent sand, suggests the ridge- and- runnel system migrated shorewards up the general beach slope of 1 by 2 - 3 m. The wave orbital

关键词： beach currents shore collaborative Andrews north Xiamen metre sands AcTION

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Diploidy in evolutionary algorithms for dynamic optimization problems A best-chromosome-wins dominance mechanism

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International Journal of Intelligent computing and cybernetics 2015年第4期8卷 312-329页

作者： Boris Shabash kay c.Wiese School of computing Science Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

Purpose–In this work,the authors show the performance of the proposed diploid scheme(a representation where each individual contains two genotypes)with respect to two dynamic optimization problems,while addressing drawbacks the authors have identified in previous works which compare diploid evolutionary algorithms(EAs)to standard *** paper aims to discuss this ***/methodology/approach–In the proposed diploid representation of EA,each individual possesses two copies of the *** order to convert this pair of genotypes to a single phenotype,each genotype is individually evaluated in relation to the fitness function and the best genotype is presented as the *** order to provide a fair and objective comparison,the authors make sure to compare populations which contain the same amount of genetic information,where the only difference is the arrangement and interpretation of the *** two representations are compared using two shifting fitness functions which change at regular intervals to displace the global optimum to a new ***–For small fitness landscapes the haploid(standard)and diploid algorithms perform comparably and are able to find the global optimum very ***,as the search space increases,rediscovering the global optimum becomes more difficult and the diploid algorithm outperforms the haploid algorithm with respect to how fast it relocates the new *** both algorithms use the same amount of genetic information,it is only fair to conclude it is the unique arrangement of the diploid algorithm that allows it to explore the search space ***/value–The diploid representation presented here is novel in that instead of adopting a dominance scheme for each allele(value)in the vector of values that is the genotype,dominance is adopted across the entire genotype in relation to its *** a result,this representation can be extended across any alphabet,for any optimization function.

关键词： Evolutionary computation Genetic algorithms Diploidy Dynamic optimization

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A study of different annealing schedules in SARNA-predict A permutation based SA algorithm for RNA folding

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International Journal of Intelligent computing and cybernetics 2015年第2期8卷 152-171页

作者： Herbert H.Tsang kay c.Wiese Applied Research Lab Trinity Western UniversityLangleyCanada School of computing Science Simon Fraser UniversitySurreyCanada

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to present a study of the effect of different types of annealing schedules for a ribonucleic acid(RNA)secondary structure prediction algorithm based on simulated annealing(SA).Design/methodology/approach–An RNA folding algorithm was implemented that assembles the final structure from potential substructures(helixes).Structures are encoded as a permutation of *** SA searches this space of *** and annealing schedules were studied and fine-tuned to optimize algorithm ***–In comparing with mfold,the SA algorithm shows comparable results(in terms of F-measure)even with a less sophisticated thermodynamic *** terms of average specificity,the SA algorithm has provided surpassing *** limitations/implications–Most of the underlying thermodynamic models are too simplistic and incomplete to accurately model the free energy for larger *** is the largest limitation of free energy-based RNA folding algorithms in *** implications–The algorithm offers a different approach that can be used in practice to fold RNA sequences ***/value–The algorithm is one of only two SA-based RNA folding *** authors use a very different encoding,based on permutation of candidate *** in depth study of annealing schedules and other parameters makes the algorithm a strong *** benefit is that new thermodynamic models can be incorporated with relative ease(which is not the case for algorithms based on dynamic programming).

关键词： Annealing schedule Simulated annealing RNA secondary structure prediction Ribonucleic acid RNA folding Permutation

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chronic hepatitis B and metabolic risk factors:A call for rigorous longitudinal studies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第3期25卷 282-286页

作者： Wai-kay Seto Department of Medicine the University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Department of Medicine the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital State Key Laboratory for Liver Research the University of Hong Kong

Long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is effective in suppressing viral replication and reducing liver-related complications. However, HBV-related liver events can still occur in different patient sub-groups. There is emerging evidence that, similar to chronic hepatitis c virus infection, metabolic risk factors may play a role in the disease process of chronic HBV. While the mechanistic nature of metabolic-HBV interactions remains uncertain, studies in different HBV-infected populations have demonstrated that hepatic steatosis, increased body-mass index, diabetes, or a combination of different metabolic risk factors are associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. The impact of metabolic risk factors is especially prominent in patients with quiescent virological activity,including on-treatment patients with effective viral suppression. As the proportion of on-treatment chronic HBV patients increases worldwide,longitudinal studies determining the relative risks of different metabolic parameters with respect to clinical outcomes are needed. Future studies should also determine if metabolic-directed interventions can improve disease outcomes in chronic HBV.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Diabetes Obesity Steatosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Body-mass index

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On Some Families of Smooth Affine Spherical Varieties of Full Rank

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第3期34卷 563-596页

作者： kay PAULUS Guido PEZZINI Bart VAN STEIRTEGHEM Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany Dipartimento di Matematica 'Sapienza' Universith di Roma 00185 Roma Italy Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg & Department of MathematicsMedgar Evers College-City University of New York Brooklyn New York 11225 USA

Let G be a complex connected reductive group. Losev has shown that a smooth affine spherical G-variety X is uniquely determined by its weight monoid, which is the set of irreducible representations of G that occur in the coordinate ring of X. In this paper we use a combinatorial characterization of the weight monoids of smooth affine spherical varieties to classify：（a） all such varieties for G = SL（2） × c~×and（b） all such varieties for G simple which have a G-saturated weight monoid of full rank. We also use the characterization and Knop＇s classification theorem for multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifolds to give a new proof of Woodward＇s result that every reflective Delzant polytope is the moment polytope of such a manifold.

关键词： Affine spherical variety weight monoid multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifold moment polytope

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collatz Sequences and characteristic Zero-One Strings: Progress on the 3<i>x</i>+ 1 Problem

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American Journal of computational Mathematics 2021年第3期11卷 226-239页

作者： David c. kay Asheville USA

The unsolved number theory problem known as the 3x + 1 problem involves sequences of positive integers generated more or less at random that seem to always converge to 1. Here the connection between the first integer (n) and the last (m) of a 3x + 1 sequence is analyzed by means of characteristic zero-one strings. This method is used to achieve some progress on the 3x + 1 problem. In particular, the long-standing conjecture that nontrivial cycles do not exist is virtually proved using probability theory.

关键词： Generator Resultant 3x + 1 cycle

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A Solution to the 3x + 1 Problem

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American Journal of computational Mathematics 2023年第2期13卷 371-377页

作者： David c. kay Weaverville NC USA

The author makes the claim to have a solution for the famous 3x + 1 problem. The key to its solution is a special proof that the term (3 + ε)r is a non-integer, as well as the use of properties of extremal points of ... 详细信息

关键词： collatz Sequences Extreme Points Pre-Extreme Sequence

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