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pH-mediated synthesis of monodisperse gold nanorods with quantitative yield and molecular level insight

Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1167-1174页

作者： Reese Gallagher Xing Zhang Anthony Altomare David Lawrence Jr. Nicholas Shawver Ninh Tran melanie Beazley Gang Chen Department of Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando32816USA

Although gold nanorods(GNRs)have been produced with different dimensions and aspect ratios,the current synthesis methods through seed-mediated growth are far from ideal,for instance,the quality(rod yield)and the quantity(gold conversion)cannot be simultaneously *** critically,there is no molecular level understanding of the growth ***,we solved the problem by employing the stoichiometric ratio of reactants and tuning the reactivity of the reductant through adjusting the initial pH value of the growth solution to achieve both good quality and high quantity *** also extended our strategy to other enols besides ascorbic acid,such as phenolic compounds,and found that the optimal pH for GNRs synthesis depends on the structure of the individual *** mechanistic insight greatly enriches the toolbox of reductants for GNRs growth and makes it possible to synthesize GNRs at both acidic and basic *** interesting phenomenon is that for most of the phenolic compounds we tested,the morphology of the final products follows the same sphere-rod-sphere trend as the initial pH value of the reaction increases,whether it is under acidic or basic conditions,which cannot be explained by any previously proposed *** effect of pH is mainly attributed to the regulation of the reduction potential of the reductants,and thus the reaction rate.A model has been proposed to explain the dependence of anisotropic growth of GNRs on the concentration gradient of reactants around the seeds,which is decided by both the reaction rate and diffusion rate.

关键词： gold nanorods gold conversion yield shape homogeneity pH value reduction potential concentration gradient

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Patient-specific instruments as a standard procedure in total knee arthroplasty: Logistics and postoperative radiological results in 70 patients

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 57-63页

作者： Dominik Drnek Nicolas haffner Armin Sadjed Peter Ritschl Vienna Hospital Association Orthopedic Clinic Gersthof Vienna Austria

Serous Purpose: There is limited information in the literature surrounding the use of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) by a large number of surgeons. This prospective observational study was therefore designed to evaluate the logistics of using PSI for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a multi-surgeon environment, as well as its accuracy in positioning components. Methods: Of 73 patients enrolled in this study, 3 were excluded after the surgeon decided intraoperatively to switch to conventional instrumentation. Results: Mean operative time was 77.6 minutes. The component size had to be changed in 19 patients and bone cuts corrected in 12. In 65 of the 70 cases (92.9%), mechanical alignment was within the optimal range from 3° varus to 3° valgus, with the remaining 5 cases considered outliers (7.1%). Mean overall mechanical alignment was 0.3° varus (standard deviation, ±2°). There was a distinct variance with regard to the position of the tibial component in the sagittal plane. Conclusions: PSI can be effectively incorporated in larger, multisurgeon practices. Although high accuracy was observed for overall mechanical alignment and component positioning in the frontal and sagittal planes, further attention must be paid to the tibial slope. We highly recommend the use of the extramedullary alignment rod to the proper position of the tibial block, as well as double-checking the slope before performing bone cuts.

关键词： Patient-Matched Instrumentation Patient-Matched Cutting Blocks Total Knee Arthroplasty Radiological Results

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Promising applications of D-amino acids in periprosthetic joint infection

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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 248-272页

作者： Matthew Caldwell Megan Hughes Fei Wei Christopher Ngo Raven Pascua Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi melanie J.Coathup Biionix Cluster&College of Medicine University of Central FloridaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityCF103AT WalesUK Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineUniversity of Central Florida6900 Lake NonaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA

Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TJA)in the elderly is *** joint infection(PJI)represents one of the most challenging complications that can occur following TJA,and as the number of primary and revision TJAs continues to rise,an increasing PJI burden is *** advances in operating room sterility,antiseptic protocols,and surgical techniques,approaches to prevent and treat PJI remain difficult,primarily due to the formation of microbial *** difficulty motivates researchers to continue searching for an effective antimicrobial *** dextrorotatory-isoforms of amino acids(D-AAs)are essential components of peptidoglycan within the bacterial cell wall,providing strength and structural integrity in a diverse range of *** many tasks,D-AAs regulate cell morphology,spore germination,and bacterial survival,evasion,subversion,and adhesion in the host immune *** administered exogenously,accumulating data have demonstrated that D-AAs play a pivotal role against bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation;furthermore,D-AAs have substantial efficacy in promoting biofilm *** presents D-AAs as promising and novel targets for future therapeutic *** their emerging antibacterial efficacy,their role in disrupting PJI biofilm formation,the disassembly of established TJA biofilm,and the host bone tissue response remains largely *** review aims to examine the role of D-AAs in the context of *** to date suggest that D-AA bioengineering may serve as a promising future strategy in the prevention and treatment of PJI.

关键词： prevention spite furthermore

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Complete coverage of reduced graphene oxide on silicon dioxide substrates

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第8期23卷 143-146页

作者： Huang Jingfeng melanie Larisika Chen Hu Steve Faulkner Myra A.Nimmo Christoph Nowak Alfred Tok Iing Yoong School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Institute for Sports Research Nanyang Technological University Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough University

Reduced graphene oxide （RGO） has the advantage of an aqueous and industrial-scale production route. No other approaches can rival the RGO field effect transistor platform in terms of cost （〈US$1） and portability （millimetre scale）. However the large deviations in the electrical resistivity of this fabricated material prevent it from being used widely. After an ethanol chemical vapor deposition （CVD） post-treatment to graphene oxide with ethanol, carbon islets are deposited preferentially at the edges of existing flakes. With a 2-h treatment, the standard deviation in electrical resistance of the treated chips can be reduced by 99.95%. Thus this process could enable RGO to be used in practical electronic devices.

关键词： graphene oxide reduced graphene oxide graphene growth field effect transistor

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Linkage between the intestinal microbiota and residual feed intake in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1073-1088页

作者： Jing Liu Sydney N.Stewart Kelsy Robinson Qing Yang Wentao Lyu melanie A.Whitmore Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research Service(ARS)FayettevilleARUSA Institute of Quality and Standards for Agro-products Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina

Background:Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in nutrient digestion and utilization with a profound impact on feed efficiency of livestock ***,the intestinal microbes that are critically involved in feed efficiency remain ***:To identify intestinal bacteria associated with residual feed intake(RFI)in chickens,male Cobb broiler chicks were individually housed from day 14 to day *** RFI values were calculated for 56 *** contents were collected from the ileum,cecum,and cloaca of each animal on day *** DNA was isolated and subjected to 16S rRNA gene *** microbiota was classified to the feature level using Deblur and QIIME *** and low RFI groups were formed by selecting 15 and 17 chickens with the most extreme RFI values for subsequent LEfSe comparison of the difference in the *** correlation analysis was further performed to identify correlations between the intestinal microbiota composition and ***:No significant difference in evenness,richness,and overall diversity of the microbiota in the ileum,cecum,or cloaca was observed between high and low RFI ***,LEfSe analysis revealed a number of bacterial features being differentially enriched in either high or low RFI *** correlation analysis further identified many differentially enriched bacterial features to be significantly correlated with RFI(P<0.05).Importantly,not all short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)producers showed a positive association with *** two novel members of Oscillibacter and Butyricicoccus were more abundant in low-RFI,high-efficiency chickens,several other SCFA producers such as Subdoligranulum variabile and two related Peptostreptococcaceae members were negatively associated with feed ***,a few closely-related Lachnospiraceae family members showed a positive correlation with feed efficiency,while others of the same family displayed an opposite relationship.C

关键词： Feed conversion ratio Feed efficiency Microbiota Poultry Residual feed intake

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Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 520-535页

作者： Qing Yang Jing Liu Kelsy J.Robinson melanie A.Whitmore Sydney N.Stewart Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceFayettevilleARUSA Safety and Security Division Institute for Public ResearchCNAArlingtonVAUSA

Background:Intestinal microbiota is critical for maintaining animal health and ***,involvement of the fungal community,also known as the mycobiota,in animal health and disease is poorly *** study was aimed to examine the association between the intestinal mycobiota and the severity of necrotic enteritis(NE),an economically significant poultry ***:A total of 90 day-of-hatch Cobb broilers were infected with Eimeria maxima on d 10,followed by an oral challenge with *** on d 14 to induce NE,while another 10 broilers were served as mock-infected *** d 17,the lesions in the jejunum were scored,and the ileal digesta were subjected to DNA isolation and real-time PCR quantification of total bacterial and fungi *** transcribed spacer 2(ITS2)amplicon sequencing was also performed to profile the ileal mycobiota *** in the ileal mycobiota in response to NE were *** correlation analysis was further conducted to identify the correlations between relative abundances of individual ileal fungi and the severity of ***:While the total bacterial population in the ileum was increased by 2-to 3-fold in NE chickens,the total fungal population was progressively declined in more exacerbated NE,with the most severely infected chickens showing a nearly 50-fold reduction relative to mock-infected *** of the ileal mycobiota also tended to reduce in chickens with NE(P=0.06).Compositionally,among 30 most abundant fungal amplicon sequence variants(ASVs),11 were diminished and 7 were enriched(P0.05).Multiple Wallemia and Aspergillus species were markedly diminished in NE(P<0.05)and also showed a significant negative correlation with NE severity(P<0.05).Conclusions:Dysbiosis of the ileal mycobiota is induced evidently by NE and the extent of the dysbiosis is positively correlated with disease ***

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance C.perfringens Dysbiosis ITS sequencing Microbiome Mycobiota Necrotic enteritis Poultry

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Transcriptional Control of SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 and CAROTENOID ISOMERASE during Arabidopsis Development

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 174-191页

作者： Christopher I. Cazzonelli Andrea C. Roberts melanie E. Carmody Barry J. Pogson Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Australia

Carotenoids are pigments required for photosynthesis, photoprotection and the production of carotenoid- derived hormones such as ABA and strigolactones. The carotenoid biosynthetic pathway bifurcates after lycopene to produce epsilon- and beta-carotenoids and this branch is critical for determining carotenoid composition. Here, we show how the branch point can be regulated by the chromatin-modifying histone methyltransferase, Set Domain Group 8 （SDG8） targeting the carotenoid isomerase （CRTISO）. SDG8 is required to maintain permissive expression of CRTISO during seedling development, in leaves, shoot apex, and some floral organs. The CRTISO and SDG8 promoters show overlapping tissue-specific patterns of reporter gene activity. Interestingly, CRTISO showed atypical reporter gene expression in terms of greater variability between different lines compared to the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter （CaMV35s） and ~LCY promoters, potentially due to chromosomal position effects. Regulation of the CRTISO promoter was dependent in part upon the presence or absence of SDG8. Knockouts of SDG8 （carotenoid and chloroplast regulation （ccrl）） and CRTISO （ccr2） result in altered carotenoid composition and this could be restored in ccr2 using the CaMV35s or CRTISO promoters. In contrast, varying degrees of GUS expression and carotenoid complementation by CRTISO overexpression using CaMV35S or CRTISO promoters in the ccrl background demonstrated that both the CRTISO promoter and open reading frame are necessary for SDG8-mediated expression of CRTISO.

关键词： Photosynthesis secondary metabolism--terpenoids, isoprenoids, and carotenoids chloroplast biology epigenetics gene expression gene regulation.

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Novel microsatellite markers suggest the mechanism of parthenogenesis in Extatosoma tiaratum is automixis with terminal fusion

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 24-32页

作者： Yasaman Alavi Anthony van Rooyen Mark Adrian Elgar Theresa melanie Jones Andrew Raymond Weeks1 School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Victoria Australia Cesar Pty Ltd 293 Royal Parade Parkville Victoria Australia

Parthenogenetic reproduction is taxonomically widespread and occurs through various cytological mechanisms, which have different impact on the genetic variation of the offspring. Extatosoma tiaratum is a facultatively parthenogenetic Australian insect （Phasmatodea）, in which females oviposit continuously throughout their adult lifespan irre- spective of mating. Fertilized eggs produce sons and daughters through sexual reproduction and unfertilized eggs produce female offspring via parthenogenesis. Here, we developed novel microsatellite markers for E. tiaratum and characterized them by genotyping indi- viduals from a natural population. We then used the microsatellite markers to infer the cytological mechanism of parthenogenesis in this species. We found evidence suggesting parthenogenesis in E. tiaratum occurs through automixis with terminal fusion, resulting in substantial loss of microsatellite heterozygosity in the offspring. Loss of microsatel- lite heterozygosity may be associated with loss of heterozygosity in fitness related loci. The mechanism of parthenogenetic reproduction can therefore affect fitness outcomes and needs to be considered when comparing costs and benefits of sex versus parthenogenesis.

关键词： apomixis automixis Extatosoma tiaratum heterozygosity microsatellite markers parthenogenesis

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三峡库区支流澎溪河水华高发期环境因子和浮游藻类的时空特征及其关系

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环境科学 2016年第3期37卷 873-883页

作者：周川蔚建军付莉崔玉洁刘德富姜伟 Douglas haffner 张磊西南大学资源环境学院重庆400716 中加三峡水域科学研究中心重庆400716 三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心宜昌443000 加拿大温莎大学大湖环境研究中心

分别在2014年春季和夏季三峡库区水华高发期,在库区北岸最大支流澎溪河流域从其河口处逆流而上至回水末端共布置8个采样点,对浮游藻类和环境因子进行了监测,运用数理统计分析手段,对浮游藻类的群落结构及其与环境因子的关系进行了分析.... 详细信息

分别在2014年春季和夏季三峡库区水华高发期,在库区北岸最大支流澎溪河流域从其河口处逆流而上至回水末端共布置8个采样点,对浮游藻类和环境因子进行了监测,运用数理统计分析手段,对浮游藻类的群落结构及其与环境因子的关系进行了分析.结果表明在4月中旬,除河口样点外,其他采样点水体出现分层,但断面多只有温跃层和滞温层,而没有混合层;上游水体层次间温差高于下游水体;各采样点的水深以及表层水体(水面向下至0.5 m深的水层)的水温、浊度、p H、电导率、溶解氧、叶绿素a、总氮和总磷的空间分布差异显著(ANOVA,P<0.05);共检测到浮游藻类25种(属),丰度在(2.76~145.8)×10~4cell·L^(-1)之间,以角甲藻(Ceratium hirundinella)为主要优势藻,鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.)为次优势藻;上游接近支流来水的样点S7(63.4×10~4cell·L^(-1))和S8(145.8×10~4cell·L^(-1))水华最为严重;硝酸盐氮、水温、p H、电导率和溶解氧是藻类生长的决定因子.在7月下旬,水体分层,趋势与春季相似;各采样点深度和0~0.5 m水层的水温、浊度、氧化还原电位、p H、电导率、叶绿素a、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总氮和总磷的空间分布仍然差异显著(ANOVA,P<0.05);共检测到浮游藻类46种(属),丰度在(9.56~278.88)×10~4cell·L^(-1)之间,总体以席藻(Phormidium sp.)为主要优势藻,鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.)为次优势藻;下游接近澎溪河河口的样点S2(216.44×10~4cell·L^(-1))、S3(278.88×10~4cell·L^(-1))和S4(108.12×10~4cell·L^(-1))水华严重;浊度、水深、总氮、氧化还原电位、电导率和溶解氧是藻类生长的决定因子.水体分层与水华形成有重要关系.

关键词：澎溪河水华水体分层浮游藻类环境因子冗余度分析

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三峡库区澎溪河与磨刀溪电导率等水质特征与水华的关系比较

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环境科学 2017年第6期38卷 2326-2335页

作者：姜伟周川纪道斌刘德富任豫霜 Douglas haffner 谢德体张磊西南大学资源环境学院重庆400716 三峡库区水环境监测与模拟国际科技合作基地重庆400716 三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心宜昌443000 加拿大温莎大学大湖环境研究中心

三峡库区北岸最大一级支流自三峡大坝2003年蓄水以来,频繁暴发水华,而毗邻的一级支流磨刀溪却少有水华暴发.本文以澎溪河和磨刀溪作为研究对象,于2014年春季和夏季三峡库区水华高发期对两条河流同时采样,对比分析两条河流水体水质以及... 详细信息

三峡库区北岸最大一级支流自三峡大坝2003年蓄水以来,频繁暴发水华,而毗邻的一级支流磨刀溪却少有水华暴发.本文以澎溪河和磨刀溪作为研究对象,于2014年春季和夏季三峡库区水华高发期对两条河流同时采样,对比分析两条河流水体水质以及叶绿素a(Chl-a)含量的时空变化,探索澎溪河水华暴发机理.结果表明:澎溪河Chl-a含量较磨刀溪高,澎溪河春季Chl-a最大值为60.5μg·L^(-1),夏季Chl-a最大值仅7.8μg·L^(-1);磨刀溪Chl-a变化趋势与澎溪河相反,磨刀溪春季Chl-a含量为2.92μg·L^(-1),夏季Chl-a达到7.48μg·L^(-1).澎溪河与磨刀溪春季和夏季节水体温度分层,为温跃层+滞温层模式,而没有混合层;两条河流Chl-a含量均位于水深10 m温跃层.澎溪河春季总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)平均值为2.305 mg·L^(-1)和0.053 mg·L^(-1),夏季为1.673 mg·L^(-1)和0.097 mg·L^(-1);磨刀溪春季为1.875 mg·L^(-1)和0.075 mg·L^(-1),夏季为1.79 mg·L^(-1)和0.054 mg·L^(-1).TN、TP水平均超过了国际公认发生富营养化的阈值;水体氮磷含量与Chl-a浓度并无显著相关性,营养盐并不是藻类生物量的限制性因素.然而在水体电导率的规律方面,两条河却存在很大的差异;春季,磨刀溪上游上层水体(0~10 m)电导率只有下游和长江干流的75%,来自长江干流的回水可覆盖至磨刀溪中游(断面MD03),与Chl-a在此处密集保持一致;夏季电导率和回水区分布与春季相似.与磨刀溪不同,澎溪河春季上游电导率为下游和干流的150%,长江干流回水可到PX04与PX05之间,上游高电导率对应着高Chl-a含量;澎溪河电导率与藻类生长分布表现出显著正相关关系,水体中除N、P营养盐外的其它离子对澎溪河水华暴发起重要作用.

关键词：澎溪河磨刀溪水华水温分层电导率 Chl-a

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