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Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis

World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第3期13卷 260-271页

作者： Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant Diabetes Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicester General HospitalLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom The Hanning Sleep Laboratory University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustUniversity of LeicesterLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research CentreLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Leicester Diabetes Centre University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration East MidlandsLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom Department of Diabetes University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerby DE223NEUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger *** To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with *** A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 *** and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood *** and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk *** A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in *** diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older *** results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other *** age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and *** The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardi

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Early-onset adult type 2 diabetes Age of onset Cardiovascular risk Young adults Glycaemic control Obesity

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The gardener's companion to medicinal plants

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作者： Simmonds Monique S. J. Howes melanie-Jayne Irving Jason

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Dynamics and origin of cytokinins involved in plant manipulation by a leaf-mining insect

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1065-1078页

作者： Hui Zhang Antoine Guiguet Geraldine Dubreuil Anna Kisiala Peter Andreas R. J. Neil Emery Elisabeth Huguet melanie Body David Giron Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de I'lnsecte UMR 7261 CNRSIUniversite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France Departement de Biologie Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon Lyon France Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University Kyoto Japan Department of Biology Trent University Peterborough Canada Division of Plant Sciences Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia USA

Several herbivorous insects and plant-associated microorganisms control the phytohormonal balance, thus enabling them to successfully exploit the plant by inhibiting plant defenses and withdrawing plant resources for their own benefit. The leaf-mining moth Phyllonorycter blancardella modifies the cytokinin （CK） profile of mined leaf-tissues, and the insect symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia is involved in the plant manipulation to the benefit of the insect host. To gain a deeper understanding into the possible origin and dynamics of CKs, we conducted an extensive characterization of CKs in larvae and in infected apple leaves. Our results show the enhanced CK levels in mines, both on green and yellow leaves, allowing insects to control their nutritional supply under fluctuating environmental conditions. The spatial distribution of CKs within the mined leaves shows that hormone manipulation is strictly limited to the mine suggesting the absence of CK translocation from distant leaf areas toward the insect feeding site. Mass spectrometry analyses reveal that major CK types accumulating in mines and larvae are similar to what is observed for most gall-inducers, suggesting that strategies underlying the plant manipulation may be shared between herbivorous insects with distinct life histories. Results further show that CKs are detected in the highest levels in larvae, reinforcing our hypothesis that CKs accumulating in the mines originate from the insect itself. Presence of bacteria- specific methylthio-CKs is consistent with previous results suggesting that insect bacterial symbionts contribute to the observed phenotype. Our study provides key findings toward the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this intricate plant-insect-microbe interaction.

关键词： cytokinins insect bacterial symbionts leaf-miners phytohormones plantinsect-microbe interactions plant manipulation

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永不消失的电视机

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英语学习 2003年第4期 53-54页

作者： melanie Bowden 迹远

一只小狗因主人的孩子整天坐在地板上看电视,再也无暇于它而伤心地离家出走。虽然这只是一部动画片里的情节,但现实生活中电视引发的种种问题已无可回避。

关键词：电视机动画片

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生物安全漏洞是疾病暴发的主要诱因

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2022年第2期42卷 62-64页

作者：孟霞(译) 王晶晶(校) melanie Epp 不详

在集约化畜牧生产中,良好的生物安全至关重要,因为潜在的疾病会造成巨大的损失。实施这些措施并不难,挑战在于做好这些措施,因为人为因素会造成很大的风险。本文研究了一些有助于提高生物安全意识的工具。

关键词：生物安全疾病暴发应急计划

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Hiroshige

Hiroshige

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作者： Trede melanie. (1797-1858.)Andō Hiroshige Bichler Lorenz.

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Cytosolic Ca^2＋ Signals Enhance the Vacuolar Ion Conductivity of Bulging Arabidopsis Root Hair Cells

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Molecular Plant 2015年第11期8卷 1665-1674页

作者： Yi Wang Julian Dindas Florian Rienmuller melanie Krebs Rainer Waadt Karin Schumacher Wei-Hua Wu Rainer Hedrichl M. Rob G. Roelfsema Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences Biocenter Werzburg University Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082Wurzburg Germany State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB) College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Centre for Organismal Studies Developmental Biology of Plants University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany College of Science King Saud University (KSU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Plant cell expansion depends on the uptake of solutes across the plasma membrane and their storage within the vacuole. In contrast to the well-studied plasma membrane, little is known about the regulation of ion transport at the vacuolar membrane. We therefore established an experimental approach to study vacuolar ion transport in intact Arabidopsis root cells, with multi-barreled microelectrodes. The subcellular position of electrodes was detected by imaging current-injected fluorescent dyes. Comparison of measurements with electrodes in the cytosol and vacuole revealed an average vacuolar membrane potential of -31 inV. Voltage clamp recordings of single vacuoles resolved the activity of voltage-independent and slowly deactivating channels. In bulging root hairs that express the Ca2＋ sensor R-GECO1, rapid elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration was observed, after impalement with microelectrodes, or injection of the Ca^2＋ chelator BAPTA. Elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level stimulated the activity of voltage- independent channels in the vacuolar membrane. Likewise, the vacuolar ion conductance was enhanced during a sudden increase of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level in cells injected with fluorescent Ca^2＋ indicator FURA-2. These data thus show that cytosolic Ca^2＋ signals can rapidly activate vacuolar ion channels, which may prevent rupture of the vacuolar membrane, when facing mechanical forces.

关键词： electrophysiology ion channels calcium signaling/transport fluorescence imaging Arabidopsis,vacuolar membrane

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Bisphenol A exposure alters release of immune and developmental modulators and expression of estrogen receptors in human fetal lung fibroblasts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第10期28卷 11-23页

作者： Laziyan Mahemuti Qixuan Chen melanie C. Coughlan Min Zhang Maria Florian Ryan J Mailloux Xu-Liang Cao Kylie A. Scoggan William G. Willmore Xiaolei Jin Regulatory Toxicology Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Food Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ontario Canada Nutrition Research Division Bureau of Nutritional Sciences Food Directorate HPFB Heakh Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Sector Strategies Division Risk Management Bureau Safe Environments Directorate HECSB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Institute of Biochemistry Departments of Biology and Chemistry Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada

Bisphenol A （BPA） has been shown to exert biological effects through estrogen receptor （ER）-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may increase the risk of childhood asthma. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the actions of BPA, human fetal lung fibroblasts {hFLFs） were exposed to varying doses of BPA in culture for 24 hr. Effects of BPA on localization and uptake of BPA, cell viability, release of immune and developmental modulators, cellular localization and expression of ERa, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 （GPR30）, and effects of ERs antagonists on BPA-induced changes in endothelin-1 （ET-1） release were examined. BPA at 0.01-100 μmol/L caused no changes in cell viability after 24 hr of exposure, hFLFs expresses all three ERs. BPA had no effects on either cellular distribution or protein expression of ERa, however, at 100 μmol/L （or 23 μmol/L intracellular BPA） increased ERβ protein levels in the cytoplasmic fractions and GPR30 protein levels in the nuclear fractions. These paralleled with increased release of growth differentiation factor-15, decreased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 at serine 536, and decreased release of ET-1, interleukin-6, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. ERs antagonists had no effects on BPA-induced decrease in ET-1 release. These data suggest that BPA at 100 μmol/L altered the release of immune and developmental modulators in hFLFs, which may negatively influence fetal lung development, maturation, and susceptibility to environmental stressors, although the role of BPA in childhood asthma remains to be confirmed in in viuo studies.

关键词： Bisphenol AHuman fetal lung fibroblastsEstrogen receptorsAntagonistsCytokinesChemokinesImmune and developmentalmodulators

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Hip-Hop时装流行风

长喜欢乐英语

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长喜欢乐英语 2004年第7期 43-45页

作者： melanie Smith 陈秀丽

有一个事实已经引起了人们的注意,那就是时装与音乐具有密切的联系——事实上,两者是互相依存的。我们的很多穿着都受到那些大胆而活泼的影片剪辑的影响,而明星们本身的影响力则更大。很多明星都获得了时尚偶像的地位。

关键词： HIP Hip-Hop 流行风埃利奥特运动鞋

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DATA: Digital Archiving and Transformed Analytics

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Intelligent Information Management 2021年第1期13卷 70-95页

作者： Sheldon Liang Peter McCarthy melanie Van Stry Department of Computer Science Division of STEM Lane College Jackson TN USA

As cloud service becomes more and more capable, available and powerful, wiseCIO has emerged from an innovative roadmap toward archival Content Management Service (aCMS) and massive Content Delivery Service (mCDS) in support of Anything-as-a-Service (XaaS) via Digital Archiving and Transformed Analytics (DATA);DATA aims to automate UBC with FAST solutions throughout a feasible, analytical, scalable and testable approach. This paper, based on the novel wiseCIO (web-based intelligent service engaging Cloud Intelligence Outlet), presents digital archiving and transformed analytics via machine learning automata for intelligent UBC processes to liaise with Universal interface for human-computer interaction, enable Brewing aggregation (differing from traditional web browsing), and engage Centered user experience. As one of the most practical aspects of artificial intelligence, machine learning is applied to analytical model building and massive and/or multidimensional Online Analytical Processing (mOLAP) for more intelligent cloud service with little explicit coding required. DATA is central to useful information via archival transformation and analytics, and utilizable intelligence for Business, Education and Entertainment (iBEE) in support of decision-making. As a result, DATA orchestrates wiseCIO to promote ACTiVE XaaS that enables accessibility, contextuality and traceability of information for vast engagement with various cloud services, such as aCMS (archival Content Management Service), COSA (Context-Oriented Screening Aggregation), DASH (Deliveries Assembled for fast Search and Hits), OLAS (Online Learning via Analytical Synthesis), REAP (Rapid Extension and Active Presentation), and SPOT (Special Points On Top) with great ease.

关键词： wiseCIO: Web-Based Intelligent Service Engaging Cloud Intelligence Outlet LIAiSE: Layouts of Interactivity and Actionability via Intelligent Systems Engineering iDEA: Intelligence-Driven Efficient Automation ACTiVE: Accessible/Available Contextual and Traceable Information for Vast Engagement winCOM: Web-Intensive Composite

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