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Emerging Urban Poverty and Effects of the Dibao Program on Alleviating Poverty in China

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China & World Economy 2007年第2期15卷 74-88页

作者： meiyan wang Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China

The present paper describes the current urban poverty situation, examines the factors affecting the probability of a household being in poverty and investigates how the urban minimum living standard guarantee （dibao） program helps poor people to get out of poverty. The targeting efficiency of the urban dibao program is discussed. The present study finds that the poverty rate of households with unemployed workers is much higher than that of households without unemployed workers. The urban dibao program is helpful in reducing poverty rates, but it does not reduce poverty rates too much. The government should place emphasis on helping laid-off and unemployed workers to become reemployed. The most urgent problem for the dibao program is improving the efficiency of targeting.

关键词： dibao program unemployment urban poverty

Modeling neuropsychiatric disorders using human induced pluripotent stem cells

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Protein & Cell 2020年第1期11卷 45-59页

作者： meiyan wang Lei Zhang Fred H.Gage Laboratory of Genetics The Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 N.Torrey Pines RdLa JollaCA 92037USA Neurobiology Section Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Neuropsychiatric disorders are complex disorders characterized by heterogeneous genetic variations,variable symptoms,and widespread changes in anatomical *** the context of neuropsychiatric disorders,limited access to relevant tissue types presents challenges for understanding disease etiology and developing effective *** pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)reprogrammed from patient somatic cells offer an opportunity to recapitulate disease development in relevant cell types,and they provide novel approaches for understanding disease mechanisms and for development of effective *** we review recent progress and challenges in differentiation paradigms for generating disease-relevant cells and recent studies of neuropsychiatric disorders using human pluripotent stem cell(hPSC)models where cellular phenotypes linked to disease have been *** use of iPSC-based disease models holds great promise for understanding disease mechanisms and supporting discovery of effective treatments.

关键词： neuropsychiatric disorders iPSCs brain organoid schizophrenia autism spectrum disorder bipolar disorder

Metabolic fate of tea polyphenols and their crosstalk with gut microbiota

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第3期11卷 455-466页

作者： meiyan wang Jianying Li Ting Hu Hui Zhao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology School of Biotechnology and Food ScienceTianjin University of CommerceTianjin 300134China Hubei Key Laboratory for EFGIR Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Tea represents an abundant source of naturally occurring *** polyphenols(TPs)have received growing attentions for its wide consumption in the world,and more importantly its pleiotropic bioeffects for human *** ingestion,TPs may undergo absorption and phase II reaction in the small intestine,and most undigested proportion would be submitted to the colon to interact with gut *** between gut microbiota and TPs are bidirectional,including not only bacteria-mediated TPs metabolism,e.g.,removal of gallic acid moiety and ring fission to release phenolic acid catabolites,but also TPs-based modification of bacterial *** between TPs and gut microbes may benefit for gut barrier function,for example,improvement of the intestinal permeability to alleviate ***,by reshaping microbial composition and associated metabolites,TPs may exert a systemic protection on host metabolism,which contributes to improve certain chronic metabolic *** that,further understanding of the metabolic fate of TPs and interplay with gut microbiota as well as potential health-promoting effects are of great significance to development and application of tea and their polyphenolic components in the future as dietary supplements and/or functional ingredients in medical foods.

关键词： Tea polyphenols Metabolism Gut microbiota Bioeffects

Challenge Facing China’s Economic Growth in Its Aging but not Affluent Era

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China & World Economy 2006年第5期14卷 20-31页

作者： Fang Cai meiyan wang Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China

Demographic transition has occurred more rapidly in China than in most developed countries. As the population ages, the growth rate of the working age population has started to decline and the absolute quantity of the working age population will begin to shrink after 2015, which will inevitably result in structural labor shortage. Under the circumstance where comparative advantage is still embodied in its labor-intensive commodities, timely and sufficient supply of a skilled labor force is vital for China to sustain fast economic growth.

关键词： demographic dividend demographic transition growth sustainability

A Counterfactual Analysis on Unlimited Surplus Labor in Rural China

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China & World Economy 2008年第1期16卷 51-65页

作者： Fang Cai meiyan wang Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China

Using a counterfactual analysis approach, the present paper examines a host of conventional wisdoms relating to issues of farmer, the countryside and agriculture, which are believed to be all originated from the existence of mass surplus laborers in China. When analyzing various sources of statistics, evidence shows that there is no longer a large pool of surplus laborers in rural China as most people believe. Based on this counterfactual result, all related events, such as the direction of agricultural technological changes, the level of comparative productivity of agricultural labor, and the degree of rural-urban income gap must be reconsidered.

关键词： comparative labor productivity income gap surplus labor technological change

Rural Labor Migration and Poverty Reduction in China

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China & World Economy 2017年第6期25卷 45-64页

作者： Peng Jia Yang Du meiyan wang Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences China

Using various sources of data, this paper examines the contributions of rural labor migration to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. The results show that there is still a significant number of people living in poverty in rural areas, while the effectiveness of migration on poverty reduction has declined, implying an urgent need for new approaches to poverty reduction. China＇s experiences could also be valuable for the formulation of development strategies in other developing countries.

关键词： poverty reduction rural labor migration social protection

Inequality of Opportunity in China's Labor Earnings: The Gender Dimension

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China & World Economy 2019年第1期27卷 28-50页

作者： Jane Golley Yixiao Zhou meiyan wang Australian Centre on China in the World Australian National University Australia School of Economics Finance and PropertyCurtin University Institute of Population and Labor Economics Chinese Academy of Social SciencesChina

This paper investigates the inequality of opportunity in China's labor earnings,defined as the component of inequality determined by personal circumstances that lie beyond the control of an individual,of which gender is one,as opposed to the component determined by personal *** the Survey of Women's Social Status in China (2010),we measure the share of inequality of opportunity in the total inequality of individual labor earnings for people aged 26-55 years,and separately for six birth cohorts and for female and male *** is revealed as the single most important circumstance determining nationwide individual labor earnings,with one's region of residence, father's occupation,father's education,birth cohort and holding rural or urban hukou also playing significant roles.A further investigation into the roles of circumstances and personal efforts (including education level,occupation,Communist Party membership, migration and marital status)confirms that circumstances *** alarmingly high role in shaping labor earnings distribution in China,and reveals notable gender differences that cannot be attributed to personal effort *** results provide the basis for recommending ways to improve gender equality of opportunity in the future.

关键词： China gende inequality of opportunity

Regulating electronic environment on alkali metal-doped Cu@NS-SiO_(2) for selective anisole hydrodeoxygenation

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Green Chemical Engineering 2023年第3期4卷 294-302页

作者： Xiaofei wang Xiaoxue Han Li Kang Shixiang Feng meiyan wang Yue wang Shouying Huang Yujun Zhao Shengping wang Xinbin Ma Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou350207China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin300192China

Lignin utilization is a potential approach for replacing fossil energy and releasing the environment ***,we synthesized a series of novel Cu-based catalysts,Cu@NS-SiO_(2)(NS=nano sphere)and alkali metals(Na,K,Rb,and Cs)doped Cu@NS-SiO_(2),and applied them in hydrodeoxygenation reaction of *** Cu dispersion was presented on all *** modification of alkali metals on Cu@NS-SiO_(2) significantly enhanced the electron density of Cu sites in the following order:Cs>Rb>K>Na,among which Cs decreased the Cu_(2)p_(3)/2 binding energy most(by 0.7 eV).Moreover,the modification did not substantially affect the geometric structure of Cu *** regulable electronic environment of Cu sites was crucial for selective deoxygenation and inhibiting the hydrogenation of aromatic rings in anisole,and thus promoted the selectivity of *** with Cu@NS-SiO_(2)(~59%),the highest benzene selectivity was obtained on Cs/10Cu@NS-SiO_(2) at~83%.

关键词： Anisole Hydrodeoxygenation Arenes Alkali metal Electronic effect

Copper-based bimetallic electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction:From mechanism understandings to product regulations

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2023年第1期3卷 19-34,I0002页

作者： Haibei Yang Hongyuan Chuai Qingrui Meng meiyan wang Sheng Zhang Xinbin Ma Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2) RR)is a promising method to solve current environment and energy ***-based catalysts have been widely studied for converting CO_(2) into value-added hy-drocarbon *** monometallic catalyst has been proved to have some shortcomings,including relatively high energy barriers and diverse reaction pathways,leading to low reaction activities and poor product selec-tivity,*** copper-based bimetallic tandem catalysts have attracted extensive attentions due to their special catalyst structure,which can be easily regulated to achieve high CO_(2) RR reactivity and product *** the development of quantum chemistry calculations and spectroscopic characterization methods,deep understandings of CO_(2) RR from the mechanism perspective provide a broad horizon for the design of effi-cient *** review offers a good summary of reaction mechanisms and product regulation strategies over copper-based bimetallic catalysts,along with a brief discussion on future directions towards their practical applications.

关键词： Copper Bimetallic electrocatalysts Carbon dioxide reduction Mechanism Product regulations