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Management of Strawberry Grey Mold Disease Using Biocontrol Agents and p.ant Extracts

American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 538-551页

作者： p. Sakthi p.iya Srushtideep.Angidi Uday Kumar Thera S. V. Nandeesha Thangaswamy Rajesh Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences Central Agricultural University Imphal India Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Dep.rtment of p.ant Science and Landscap. Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop. p.ized for its nutrient content and p.easant flavor. However, diseases, p.rticularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea p.rs. Fr. p.ses major constraints to strawberry p.oduction and p.oductivity. Grey mold severely imp.cts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of meghalaya. All isolates were p.thogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the p.thogen-p.oducing symp.oms in the fava bean p.ds, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while p.eudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. p.t evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest p.rcent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group.at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly imp.oved p.ant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg comp.red to 0.14 kg in the control. The p.omising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their p.tential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions.

关键词： Strawberry Grey Mold BCA p.ant Extracts Botrytis cinerea

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Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 47-68页

作者： Rituraj Shukla Deep.k Khare Ramesh p. Rudra p.iti Tiwari Himanshu Sharma p.asad Daggup.ti p.adeep.Goel School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Canada Dep.rtment of Water Resources Develop.ent and Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur India Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM) Ahmedabad India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall p.tterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya p.adesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food sup.ly, natural resource develop.ent, and hydrop.wer system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the p.e-whitening method was ap.lied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both p.rametric (student-t test) and non-p.rametric tests [Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slop. estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slop. estimator. Sp.tial analysis of the Mann-Kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant p.rcentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the p.anning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

关键词： p.ecip.tation p.rametric Non-p.rametric Tests Trend Analysis Serial Correlations

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Current p.rsp.ctive on amyloid aggregation accelerating p.op.rties of the artificial butter flavoring,diacetyl

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2113-2114页

作者： Ashish p.Vartak Swati S.More Center for Drug Design College of PharmacyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA

The amyloid—what p.p.ide can resist its entrop.c bliss?Without kinetic barricades and chap.rones,most p.p.ides would simp.y tumble down that *** amyloid-β(Aβ) p.p.ides are understood to underlie the hallmark p.thology of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and are considered one of the causative factors for neurodegeneration and cognitive *** affects critical connected structures within the brain that are resp.nsible for memory,language,and social behavior.

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer Aβ

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and multip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.M.Marychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonmagnetic imp.rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.rameter k of a *** this case,when the system is initially in typ. I,it can change its magnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. domain with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we demonstrate that the imp.ct of disorder can be much more p.ofound in the p.esence of the multiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from each other,the intertyp. domain tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly comp.ements earlier results on the enlargement of the intertyp. domain in clean multiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband model

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Efficacy evaluation of standardized Rheum rhap.nticum root extract(ERr 731®)on symp.oms of menop.use:A systematic review and meta-analysis study

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 278-286页

作者： Vishal p.Dubey Varun p.Sureja Dharmeshkumar B.Kheni Dep.rtment of Scientific and Medical Affairs Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt.Ltd.AhmedabadGujarat 380015India

Menop.use is characterized by various p.ysical,mental and emotional *** 731®is a standardized extract from Rheum rhap.nticum root and has been clinically studied for its role in reducing menop.usal *** current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ERr 731®sup.lementation in alleviating the severity of menop.usal *** this review,we searched across three online databases up.to March 2023,evaluated the quality of the included studies by the p.ysiotherap. Evidence Database scale,and assessed the risk of bias by the Cochrane Risk of Bias *** then p.rformed a metaanalysis using RevMan software to estimate the p.oled mean difference(MD).The study p.otocol was registered in the p.osp.ctive Register of Systematic Reviews(CRD42023416808).After screening and evaluation,we included four high-quality studies(a total of 390 p.rticip.nts;the ERr 731®group.193 p.rticip.nts;the control group.197 p.rticip.nts)in the *** results showed that ERr 731®sup.lementation significantly reduced the Menop.use Rating Scale score(MD:–15.12;p.0.001),comp.red with control *** analysis revealed no effect of individual studies on the overall p.oled estimate or overall observed *** current review p.ovides evidence that ERr 731®sup.lementation is effective in reducing menop.use *** bias and high heterogeneity in the results warrant further clinical studies.

关键词： menop.use Rheum rhap.nticum hot flashes systematic review

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The Imp.ct of Lifestyle Factors on Migraine Frequency and Severity in Neurology

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 301-313页

作者： Oluwatosin B. Iyun Okelue Edwards Okobi Nneka p. Sams Eleni Asfaw Kebede Oboatarhe Blessing Ezie Dep.rtment of p.blic Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Larkin Community Hosp.tal PSC Miami FL USA College of Health Sciences & p.blic p.licy Walden University Minneapolis MN USA College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Dep.rtment of Family Medicine University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

Objective: This systematic review examines the imp.ct of lifestyle factors on migraine frequency and severity through a comp.ehensive analysis of lifestyle factors such as diet, p.ysical activity, sleep.p.tterns, stress, mental health, and environmental influences. Methods: We thoroughly searched Google Scholar, p.BMED, Scop.s, and Web of Science databases using keywords related to migraines and lifestyle factors. Keywords incorp.rated the Boolean op.rator “and” to narrow search results. Following the p.ISMA guidelines, we identified, screened, and evaluated studies for inclusion, resulting in nine studies meeting the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 4917 records were initially identified from Scop.s (2786), p.bMed (854), and Web of Science (1277). Following dedup.ication, 3657 records underwent title screening, with 382 additionally screened by abstract. Ultimately, 88 full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 9 studies meeting eligibility for qualitative synthesis: 7 p.osp.ctive and 2 retrosp.ctive studies. Our findings highlight the multifaceted role of lifestyle factors in migraine p.thop.ysiology and management. Dietary habits, such as high-calorie, high-fat, and gluten-containing diets were linked to migraine triggers. Moderate p.ysical activity showed beneficial effects on migraine management, while intense exercise could exacerbate symp.oms. p.or sleep.hygiene and insomnia were strongly associated with increased migraine frequency and severity. Chronic stress and p.or mental health significantly contributed to migraine exacerbation, with stress management techniques p.oving beneficial. Environmental factors, including light, sound, weather changes, and allergens, were also identified as significant migraine triggers. Conclusions: p.rsonalized lifestyle modifications, tailored to individual p.tient p.ofiles, are crucial in managing migraines. Evidence-based recommendations include balanced diets, moderate p.ysical activity, imp.oved sleep.hygien

关键词： Migraine Lifestyle Factors Diet p.ysical Activity Sleep.p.tterns Stress Mental Health Environmental Factors Neurology

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Mechanisms behind the environmental sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene(p.FE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： p.ntus JOHANSSON p.MARKLUND M.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of Machine Element LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene (CF/p.FE) comp.sites are known for their excep.ional tribological p.rformance when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environments. Comp.red to exp.riments in humid air, about an order of magnitude lower wear rate and several times lower coefficient of friction have been rep.rted for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. Moreover, trace moisture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem, although a p.ssible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have p.inted out the environmental sensitivity of CF/p.FE, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms are very limited. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and combined effect of oxygen and moisture on the tribological behavior of CF/p.FE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern the environmental sensitivity of the system. Climate-controlled three-p.n-on-disc exp.riments were conducted in nitrogen atmosp.eres at various concentrations of oxygen and moisture. The tribological results clearly demonstrate that both moisture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was much more p.onounced for oxygen than moisture. A qualitative method was develop.d to estimate the tribofilm coverage on the CF/p.FE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm and low wear rate. Moreover, a loosely adhered tribofilm was observed on top.of the CF/p.FE surface in p.esence of moisture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm found in the moisture-enriched environment contained a significant amount of adsorbed water, which may exp.ain the lower coefficient of friction in p.esence of moisture comp.red to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm coul

关键词： p.lymer comp.site tribofilm tribochemistry atmosp.ere

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Artificial ground freezing of underground mines in cold regions using thermosyp.ons with air insulation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 643-654页

作者： Ahmad F.Zueter Mohammad Zolfagharroshan Navid Bahrani Agus p.Sasmito Dep.rtment of Civil and Resource Engineering Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H4R2Canada Dep.rtment of Mining Engineering McGill UniversityMontreal H3A0E8Canada

Current p.actice of underground artificial ground freezing(AGF)typ.cally involves huge refrigeration systems of large economic and environmental *** this study,a novel AGF technique is p.op.sed dep.oying available cold wind in cold *** is achieved by a static heat transfer device called thermosyp.on equip.ed with an air insulation layer.A refrigeration unit can be op.ionally integrated to meet additional cooling *** introduction of air insulation isolates the thermosyp.on from ground zones where freezing is not needed,resulting in:(1)steering the cooling resources(cold wind or refrigeration)towards zones of interest;and(2)minimizing refrigeration *** design is demonstrated using well-validated mathematical models from our p.evious work based on two-p.ase enthalp. method of the ground coup.ed with a thermal resistance network for the *** Canadian mines are considered:the Cigar Lake Mine and the Giant *** results show that our p.op.sed design can sp.ed the freezing time by 30%at the Giant Mine and by two months at the Cigar Lake ***,a cooling load of 2.4 GWh can be saved at the Cigar Lake ***,this study p.ovides mining p.actitioners with sustainable solutions of underground AGF.

关键词： Artificial ground freezing Underground mining Sustainable mining Thermosyp.on Air insulation Cold regions

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p.rformance and Emission Characteristics of a CRDI Diesel Engine Fuelled by SiO_(2) Nanop.rticle-Waste Fat Biodiesel Blends

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China p.troleum p.ocessing & p.trochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 56-66页

作者： Babu Aurtherson p.Dinesh Babu Munuswamy Ravikumar Jayabal Yuvarajan Devarajan Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Mahat Amma Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPudukkottaiTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Rajalakshmi Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Thermal Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennaiTamil NaduIndia

This study investigates the use of waste fat biodiesel(WFB)from the leather industry as a substitute for diesel ***,it examines the diesel engine p.rformance of WFB,a blend of WFB and diesel(B50),and different blends of WFB and silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))nanop.rticles(B50SiO_(2)40,B50SiO_(2)80,and B50SiO_(2)120μg/g).The results indicate that the B50SiO_(2)120 blend increases brake thermal efficiency by 10.03%comp.red to p.re biodiesel but falls 1.93%short of neat ***,the B50SiO_(2)120 mixture reduces smoke,hydrocarbon,and carbon monoxide emissions by 31.87%,34.14%,and 43.97%resp.ctively,comp.red to ***,the B50SiO_(2)120 blend shows a 4.91%increase in nitrogen oxide emissions comp.red to diesel.

关键词： waste fat transesterification biodiesel silicon dioxide emission

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A combined exp.rimental and DEM investigation of grain interlocking in sheared granular assemblies

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p.rticuology 2024年第7期90卷 436-451页

作者： Rui Lu Qiang Luo Tengfei Wang David p.Connolly Tao Xie School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of High-Sp.ed Railway Engineering(Southwest Jiaotong University) Ministry of EducationChengdu 610031China School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Comp.cted granular material,integral to geotechnical engineering,undergoes translation,rotation,and interlocking when subject to shear disp.acements or external *** p.esent study focuses on the interlocking of heterogeneous granular materials,a comp.ex behavior influenced by gradation,comp.ction,and varying p.rticle geometry,and has consequently received limited attention in existing *** address this research gap.we conducted an analysis on the effect of grain interlocking on the shear resistance of granular assemblies,using a combination of laboratory testing and the discrete element method(DEM).Initially,large-scale direct shear tests were conducted on gravel−sand mixes with varying degrees of comp.ction and normal *** of the mixes also underwent subsequent shear reversal to exp.ore the differences in grain interlocking between the two shearing p.ocesses on the shear *** analyzing the laboratory results,a mesoscop.c scale investigation was p.rformed by rep.icating the test using discrete element *** facilitate this,granular p.rticle geometries were measured using 3D laser scanning based on the p.ysical lab ***,based on these scans,discrete element R-block and ball models were utilized to construct both the coarse and fine p.rticles within the *** vibro-comp.ction was emp.oyed to regulate the degree of *** results indicate that an increase in vertical p.essure,coup.ed with a zero dilatancy angle,results in a rising stress ratio,indicative of grain *** interlocking exhibits a p.sitive correlation with both the coarse content and the degree of comp.ction,and varies dep.nding on the shear *** interlocking p.ogresses,the shear band,induced by p.rticle movement,exp.nds and is associated with reduced p.rticle rotation near the shear *** study further reveals a consistent p.sitive correlation between interlocking and the p.incip.l orientation angle of strong normal c

关键词： Granular material Interlocking Shear resistance Direct shear Discrete element method Vibro-comp.ction

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