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Prevalence and risk factors associated with Japanese encephalitis virus infection in swine population of Assam,India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第11期15卷 503-510,I0001-I0009页

作者： Mir Hussain Himani Dhanze Deepa Mehta M.Suman Kumar Ravi Kumar Gandham megha Gupta AG Barua K.P Suresh Balbir B Singh Division of Veterinary Public Health ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyIndia Division of Animal Biotechnology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyIndia Department of Veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary ScienceAssam Agricultural UniversityGuwahatiAssamIndia ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics BengaluruIndia Centre for One Health Guru Angad Dev Veterinary&Animal Sciences UniversityPunjabIndia

Objective:To assess the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)and associated risk factors in the swine population of ***:A total of 432 swine serum and blood samples were collected from Barpeta and Sonitpur districts of Assam and were screened for the presence of JEV *** related to risk factors was collected using a self-designed questionnaire from 120 swine-rearing ***-mixed models were used for prevalence *** and multivariate regression models were constructed to evaluate the association of demography,season and management practices with JEV positive ***:Overall,the JEV infection prevalence was 51.6%at farm and 47.1%at slaughter *** analysis of partial sequence of envelope gene of two positive field samples revealed that both isolates belonged to genotypeⅢ*** 1 shared a common clade with human isolates while isolate 2 belonged to the same clade as that of other JEV swine strain isolated from *** final multivariate model showed that two factors including monsoon season(Adjusted OR 5.6;95%CI 2.1-14.9;P<0.001)and water logging in the area near the pig shelter(Adjusted OR 16.9;95%CI 6.1-47.3;P<0.001)were associated with greater odds of swine being infected with ***:High prevalence of JEV in swine population of Assam state indicates a significant risk of virus transmission to humans while risk factor study underlines the urgent need for awareness campaigns in the Assam.

关键词： Japanese encephalitis virus Genotypes Prevalence Risk factors Swine

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Phytochemical analysis and antifungal activity of selected seaweeds from Okha coast,Gujarat,India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第7期 520-525页

作者： Isaiah Nirmal Kumar megha Barot Rita Kumar P.G.Department of Environmental Science and Technology Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and ResearchVallabh Vidya Nagar-388120GujaratIndia

Objective:To deal with the assessment of the chemical composition of carbohydrate,protein,phenol,flavanoid,chlorophyll,and carotenoid and antifungal activity of various marine seaweeds collected from Okha coast,Gujarat during September,***:Biochemical compounds of selected seaweeds were quantified and antifungal activity of these species belonging to red,green,and brown seaweeds was explored and the seaweeds were extracted in acetone,ethanol and ***:The carbohydrate content was highest inCystoseira indica Mairh,protein was highest inGracilaria *** and phenol content was highest inPadina boergesenii;flavanoid content was found greater inCystoseira indica,chlorophyll content was found greater inMonostroma latissimum Wittrock and carotenoid content was more inDictyopteris acrostichoides *** highest inhibiting effect was noted forSargassum tenerrimum *** andTurbinaria ornata *** belonging to brown algae,againstAspergillus niger andPenicillium janthinellum in chloroform extracts and ethanolic extracts,which caused opportunistic infection ofHIV-infected person,lung disease,aspergillosis,and otomycosis(fungal ear infections).Conclusions:The study reveals that the seaweeds contain high amount of biochemical ***,the crude extracts of the seaweeds showed promising activity against the tested fungal ***,seaweeds collected from Okha coast,Gujarat region are biochemical compounds with potential capacity which make them useful for screening natural products for pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： Antifungal activity Biochemical compounds Marine seaweeds Okha coast Gujarat

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Bioactive compounds and antifungal activity of three different seaweed species Ulva lactuca,Sargassum tenerrimum and Laurencia obtusa collected from Okha coast,Western India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第4期4卷 284-289页

作者： megha Barot Nirmal Kumar JI Rita NKumar P.G.Department of Environmental Science and Technology Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and ResearchVallabh Vidyanagar-388120GujaratIndia

Objective:To evaluate bioactive compounds responsible for antifungal activity from seaweeds of Okha coast,Western ***:Each species were extracted with different solvents with increasing polarity:hexane,ethyl acetate,chloroform and methanol using Soxhlet *** antifungal activity was determined by agar diffusion plate method by using fluconazole,ketoconazole and amphotericin B as *** chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis was done for identification of bioactive compounds present in crude ***:The gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis of all the extracts revealed the presence of steroids,fatty acids and esters *** the three species,the maximum crude extract yield(53.46%)and the largest inhibition zone(36 mm)were recorded in methanol extract of Ulva lactuca,whereas the minimum crude extract yield and inhibition zone were recorded in chloroform extract of the same species as 0.5%and 10 mm,*** and ethyl acetate extract showed the maximum antifungal activity and the major important compounds like steroids,fatty acids and esters were detected with higher amount in all the ***:The present study revealed that the different seaweed extracts showed moderate to significant antifungal activity against the strains tested as compared with the standard fungicides,and polar solvents methanol and ethyl acetate were comparatively efficient for extraction of different metabolites that are responsible for antifungal activity.

关键词： Antifungal activity Bioactive compounds Crude extract Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer Seaweeds

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<i>ε</i>-Optimality in Multivalued Optimization

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American Journal of Operations Research 2013年第4期3卷 413-420页

作者： S. K. Suneja megha Sharma Department of Mathematics University of Delhi Delhi India

In this paper we apply the directional derivative technique to characterize D-multifunction, quasi D-multifunction and use them to obtain ε-optimality for set valued vector optimization problem with multivalued maps. We introduce the notions of local and partial-ε-minimum (weak) point and study ε-optimality, ε-Lagrangian multiplier theorem and ε-duality results.

关键词： D-Multifunction Partial-ε-Minimum Point ε-Optimality ε-Duality

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阳春砂HMGR，DXS和DXR基因表达及功能分析

阳春砂HMGR，DXS和DXR基因表达及功能分析

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作者： Adhikari megha Nath 广州中医药大学

学位级别：硕士

植物中产生的萜类化合物,对植物生长发育及其与生长环境的相互影响有着重要的作用,已应用于医药和工业等行业。含有多种萜类成分的挥发油在中药中具有重要的药用价值。在高等植物中,萜类成分合成途径有两条：一是存在于细胞中的MVA途径... 详细信息

植物中产生的萜类化合物,对植物生长发育及其与生长环境的相互影响有着重要的作用,已应用于医药和工业等行业。含有多种萜类成分的挥发油在中药中具有重要的药用价值。在高等植物中,萜类成分合成途径有两条：一是存在于细胞中的MVA途径,二是存在于质体中的MEP途径。在植物中,HMGR催化MVA途径的限速步骤,DXS和DXR则催化MEP途径的限速步骤。砂仁是中国“四大南药”之一,具化湿开胃、温脾止泻、理气安胎等功效。挥发油是阳春砂的主要药效物质基础,而挥发油的主要成分是萜类化合物。阳春砂有三个栽培品种：长果、圆果和春选。本论文分析了阳春砂不同栽培品种、不同组织中HMGR、DXS和DXR基因的表达量;通过颜色互补试验进行AvHMGR、AvDXS和AvDXR在大肠杆菌中的功能分析;构建了AvHMGR和AvDXR的转基因烟草,为在模式植物中分析基因的功能打下基础。 ***,AvDXS和AvDXR在阳春砂中的表达分析。从阳春砂不同部位中提取总RNA,通过反转录获得cDNA并采用半定量RT—PCR进行检测。结果显示,***和DXR基因在阳春砂不同栽培品种中有不同程度的表达,DXR的表达量高于另外两个基因,而HMGR和DXS表达量基本相同。三个基因在根、茎、果皮和种子团中的表达量均高于叶片,而DXS在叶、茎、根、果皮和种子团均有高表达。经UV处理后,三个基因的表达均有下调。 ***,AVDXS和AvDXR在大肠杆菌中的功能分析(颜色互补试验) 构建AvHMGR、AvDXS和AvDXR的pTr重组表达载体,与含有β胡萝卜素基因簇的pAC—BETA质粒共转化至TOP10大肠杆菌细胞中。结果显示,目的基因AvHMGR和AvDXS转入后的大肠杆菌β胡萝卜素的橙黄色比阴性对照深,表明AvHMGR和AvDXS蛋白促进了β胡萝卜素的合成,但是AvDXR没有得到明确的实验结果,还有待进一步的实验研究。 ***和AvDXR转基因烟草的构建构建包含重组表达载体pBI-AvHMGR和pBI-AvDXR的工程菌EHA105,通过农杆菌介导的方法转化烟草,通过PCR筛选出转基因烟草植株,并采用半定量RT—PCR检测转基因植株中AvHMGR和AvDXR的基因表达量。结果显示,AvHMGR和AvDXR基因在烟草转基因植株中的表达量高于对照植株,构建成功了AvHMGR和AvDXR过量表达的转基因烟草,为下步在模式植物中鉴定基因的功能打下基础。

关键词：阳春砂 HMGR DXS DXR 转基因烟草

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Asian-American elders’ health and physician use: An examination of social determinants and lifespan influences

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1106-1115页

作者： Duy Nguyen Leigh J. Bernstein megha Goel Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York USA Silver School of Social Work New York University New York USA

While the Asian American population is growing rapidly, relatively little research has focused on intergroup health comparisons. The application of the life course perspective sheds new light on the inter-section of the ageing process and social determinants of health. This study compares physician use and health equity among Asian ethnic groups and non-Hispanic Whites. Data on Asian American and non-Hispanic White immigrants over 65 were extracted from the California Health Interview Survey. Weighted logistic regression models were tested applying the Commission on Social Determinants of Health model. Intergroup differences in physician use and health equity were observed. Furthermore, physician use and health varied among the groups by age. The diverse background of older Asian Americans and the differential effects of the ageing process point to the need for novel interventions to promote health among this population.

关键词： Immigrants Health Inequities Ageing Social Determinants of Health

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Defluoridation of water using biosorbents

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Natural Science 2012年第4期4卷 245-251页

作者： Puthenveedu Sadasivan Pillai Harikumar Chonattu Jaseela Tharayil megha Centre for Water Resources Development and Management Water Quality Division Kozhikode India

Contamination of drinking water due to fluoride is a severe health hazard problem. Excess of fluoride (>1.5 mg/l) in drinking water is harmful to human health. Various treatment technologies for removing fluoride from groundwater have been investigated. The present study showed that Vetiveria zizanioides, a herbal plant of Kerala—commonly known as Vetiver is an effective adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. Phosphoric acid activated Vetiver root showed good adsorption capacity than the fresh powdered Vetiver root. Batch sorptive defluoridation was conducted under variable experimental conditions such as pH, agitation time, dose of adsorbent and particle size. Maximum defluoridation was achieved at pH 6;there is a greater possibility of columbic interaction between fluoride ion and adsorbent surface at this pH. The percentage of fluoride removal in- creases with adsorbent dose and time at a given initial solute concentration. The surface and sorption characteristics were analyzed using SEM techniques. Freundlich as well as Langmuir isotherm were plotted and kinetic constants were determined.

关键词： Defluoridation Fluorosis Batch Adsorption Vetiver Phytoremediation

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A serum microRNA signature for enhanced selection of people for lung cancer screening

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Cancer Communications 2022年第11期42卷 1222-1225页

作者： Haixin Yu Janhavi R.Raut megha Bhardwaj Yan Zhang Evelin Sandner Ben Schöttker Bernd Holleczek Petra Schrotz-King Hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Medical Faculty Heidelberg University of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Baden-WürttembergGermany Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology Robert-Bosch KrankenhausKlinik SchillerhoeheGerlingen 70839Baden-WürttembergGermany Network Aging Research University of HeidelbergBergheimer Straße 20Heidelberg 69115Baden-WürttembergGermany Saarland Cancer Registry Präsident-Baltz-Straße 5Saarbrucken 66119SaarlandGermany

Dear editor,Lung cancer(LC)is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally[1].Earlier detection by screening can substantially reduce LC mortality[2,3],but should be focused on those at highest risk[4].Risk stratification for LC screening,which is mostly based on smoking history[5],is far from perfect[6].Therefore,additional criteria to better define those at highest risk of LC are needed to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of LC *** risk prediction models incorporating classical LC risk factors[7].

关键词： mortality cancer signature

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Tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients:A case series

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World Journal of Transplantation 2017年第3期7卷 213-221页

作者： Manish Anand Ekta Nayyar Beatrice Concepcion megha Salani Heidi Schaefer Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyUniversity of Cincinnati Trihealth Infectious Disease Good Samaritan Hospital De-partment of Medicine Division of NephrologyVanderbilt University

Solid organ transplant recipients have an elevated risk of tuberculosis(TB) with high mortality. Data about TB in this population in the United States is sparse. We present four cases of active tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients at our center. All patients had possible TB exposure prior to transplant and all were diagnosed with active TB within the first year of transplant. Disseminated TB was seen in half of the patients with extra-pulmonary TB being more common affecting lymph nodes, pericardium, and the kidney allograft. Delay in diagnosis from onset of symptoms ranged from fifteen days to two months. Two patients died from TB. TB is a largely preventable and curable disease. However, challenges remain in the diagnosis due to most recipients presenting with atypical symptoms. Physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion for TB to promptly diagnose and treat posttransplant thereby minimizing complications. A review of the literature including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options are discussed.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Kidney transplant Disseminated disease Tuberculosis

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增加高炉炼铁天然气使用量的研究

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钢铁译文集 2015年第2期 11-15,40页

作者： megha Jampani 美国卡耐基·梅隆大学

最近的研究成果表明天然气可用于部分替代高炉中的焦炭。本文分析将天然气直接导入炉身中以增加天然气使用量的可行性。通过对预期炉身条件下的甲烷裂解的理论计算和实验室试验考查了这种可行性。

关键词：高炉炼铁天然气使用量实验室试验研究成果直接导入甲烷裂解炉身

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