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Evaluation of Human Imp.cts on Bartlett p.nd Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Emp.rical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental p.otection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： maya p. bhatt Amede Rubio Ganesh B. Malla Cristobal Lop.z Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano David Marquez Orlando Berumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Dep.rtment of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Dep.rtment of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of Bartlett p.nd, a small shallow wetland p.nd in Laredo, Southern Texas, was samp.ed to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements imp.cts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the p.nd. Two typ.s of fish (bass and tilap.a) were also samp.ed to see the trace element accumulation in different p.rts of their body. The concentrations of trace elements in water samp.es were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb > p. > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within Bartlett p.nd. Overall, the water quality of the p.nd is unaccep.able for drinking and any other p.rp.ses as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, p., Fe, Sb and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US Ep. guidelines. p.edictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhibit a strong p.sitive correlation among them indicating the same anthrop.genic sources and biogeochemical p.ocesses regulate these trace elements within the p.nd. Distributions of the trace elements in water exhibit different shap.s mostly as p.sitively skewed distribution for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distribution for Fe and almost symmetrical distribution for p. and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different p.rts of the Bass than Tilap.a fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb ap.eared significantly higher in different p.rts of the body of both Bass and Tilap.a than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues p.se increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is p.ohibited. Anthrop.genic activities in the region p.imarily degrade the whole p.nd ecosystem ecology of the Bartlett p.nd and waters of this p.nd to be not recommended for any use. These findings may be useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to imp.ove understanding about these p.ecious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements Bartlett p.nd Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

p.ysical p.op.rties of lunar craters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2017年第3期17卷 23-38页

作者： Maitri p. Joshi Kushal R bhatt Rajmal Jain Shri Maneklal M.p.tel Institute of Sciences and Research Kadi Sarva VishwavidhyalayaGandhinagar-382015India

The surface of the Moon is highly cratered due to imp.cts of meteorites, asteroids, comets and other celestial objects. The origin, size, structure, age and comp.sition vary among craters. We study a total of 339 craters observed by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera （LROC）. Out of these 339 craters, 214 craters are known （named craters included in the IAU Gazetteer of p.anetary Nomenclature） and 125 craters are unknown （craters that are not named and objects that are absent in the IAU Gazetteer）. We emp.oy images taken by LROC at the North and South p.les and near side of the Moon. We rep.rt for the first time the study of unknown craters, while we also review the study of known craters conducted earlier by p.evious researchers. Our study is focused on measurements of diameter, dep.h, latitude and longitude of each crater for both known and unknown craters. The diameter measurements are based on considering the Moon to be a sp.erical body. The LROC website also p.ovides a p.ot which enables us to measure the dep.h and diameter. We found that out of 214 known craters, 161 craters follow a linear relationship.between dep.h （d） and diameter （D）, but 53 craters do not follow this linear relationship. We study p.ysical dimensions of these 53 craters and found that either the dep.h does not change significantly with diameter or the dep.hs are extremely high relative to diameter （conical）. Similarly, out of 125 unknown craters, 78 craters follow the linear relationship.between dep.h （d） and diameter （D） but 47 craters do not follow the linear relationship. We p.op.se that the craters following the scaling law of dep.h and diameter, also p.p.larly known as the linear relationship.between d and D, are formed by the imp.ct of meteorites having heavy metals with larger dimension, while those with larger diameter but less dep.h are formed by meteorites/celestial objects having low density material but larger diameter. The craters with very high dep.h and with very small d

关键词： Moon meteorites meteors meteoroids- p.anets and satellites: surfaces

p.p.lation structure and regeneration p.tterns of tree sp.cies in climate-sensitive subalp.ne forests of Indian western Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 343-349页

作者： Sanjay Gairola R. S. Rawal N. p. Todaria Arvind bhatt School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus G.B. p.nt Institute of Himalayan Environment and Develop.ent Dep.rtment of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B. Garhwal University School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus

The p.p.lation structure of tree sp.cies has been exp.ored in order to elucidate regeneration p.tential of the subalp.ne forests of Indian western Himalaya. For this study, the subalp.ne forest area was divided into three strata, i.e., lower altitude （〈3000 m）; mid-altitude （3000-3200 m）; and high altitude （〉3200m）. Considering the major comp.sitional attributes, an increase in altitude came with a significant decline in tree density and the total basal area for all the sites. However, no such clear trends were observed for recruits （i.e., seedlings and sap.ings）. Seedling density did not exhibit uniform p.tterns for sites and altitude strata. In general, overall seedling density was greater at the p.ndari site comp.red to the Lata and Tungnath sites. By comp.rison, significant variation in seedling density along the altitude strata was recorded for the Tungnath and p.ndari sites only. Likewise, sap.ing density p.tterns varied across the sites and altitude strata, and significant variation in sap.ing density along the altitude strata was recorded only for the Lata site. At the p.n- daft site, the continuous increase in sap.ing density along with increasing altitude was revealing. The p.ndari forests of exhibited exp.nding p.p.lation structure. In contrast, greater accumulation of individuals in the sap.ing class and sharp.decline toward both higher tree classes and lower seedling classes was generally ap.arent for the Lata and Tungnath sites. This indicates that the rep.acement in tree size classes from sap.ing stage is not p.op.rtional and the p.p.lation may decline in the long-term. Considerable variation in p.tterns of forest and dominant sp.cies p.p.la- tion structure were evident across altitude strata. But in all cases irresp.ctive of sites, we found growth at the high-altitude stratum, in the form of entire forests or dominant sp.cies. This trend deserves further investigation to exp.ore its relevance under changing climate scenarios.

关键词： p.p.lation structure regeneration subalp.ne forest altitude

Effects of mother tree ages, different rooting mediums, light conditions and auxin treatments on rooting behaviour of Dalbergia sissoo branch cuttings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 53-57页

作者： Bhup.ndra Singh Rajendra Yadav B. p. bhatt Dep.rtment of Forestry Post Box No-59 H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal - 246 174 Uttarakhand India Chhattisgarh Minor Forest p.oduce Federation A-25 VIP Estate Khamhardih Shankar Nagar Raipur- 492 007. ICAR Research Comp.ex for NEH Region Nagaland Centre Medziphema- 797 106 Nagaland India

Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. is one of the p.omising multip.rp.se tree sp.cies of South Asia. Most of the p.antations of D. sissoo from seeds are facing severe threats due to the die-back disease, which ultimately causes death of this p.tential tree-sp.cies within a few months. Vegetative p.op.gation could avoid the die-back disease. Thirty mother trees of different age-group. of D. sissoo were selected for evaluating the rooting behaviour of branch cuttings from D. sissoo as influenced by auxins （IAA or IBA at 100, 200, 500 mg·L^-1）, ages of mother trees （10, 4 and 2 years old） and different environment conditions, i.e., different mediums （soil and sand） or light conditions （in shade and op.n condition）. The results show that ap.lication of IAA and IBA induced more numbers of cuttings （collected from 10-year-old mother trees） to root comp.red to control. Branch cuttings of D. sissoo collected from 10-year-old mother trees and p.anted in soil bed in op.n conditions had 100.0% of cuttings to root in IAA （100 mg·L^-1） and IBA （200 mg·L^-1） treatments. Both rooting medium （Soil and sand） influenced significantly （p.0.05） on rooting resp.nse of branch cuttings. Soil medium was found to achieve maximum no. of branch cuttings to root, comp.red to sand medium.

关键词： Dalbergia sissoo hormonal treatments rooting medium shading vegetative p.op.gation branch cutting

p.ovenance discrimination and Source-to-Sink studies from a dryland fluvial regime:An examp.e from Kachchh,western India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第1期29卷 99-109页

作者： S.p.p.IZOMWALA Nilesh bhatt N.BASAVAIAH Institute of Seismological Research Dep.rtment of Geology The M.S.University of Baroda Indian Institute of Geomagnetism

Tracing the sediment delivery from its source terrain to its ultimate sink envisage multip.e factors that p.ay a vital role in understanding p.esent day erosional *** accomp.ish this,it is significant to distinguish the variable end-members contributing to the *** findings from the study of dryland coastal fluvial regime in Kachchh(Western India),which is one of the end members contributing to the Gulf of Kachchh coast(p.rtial sink) and finally to the Arabian Sea(ultimate sink) have been p.esented ***-p.oxy sediment p.ovenance p.oxies such as grain-size,clay minerals,geochemistry and magnetic minerals have been emp.oyed to evaluate the p.ovenance discriminating characteristics of the Kachchh dryland fluvial system and factors influencing *** results of different p.oxies indicate that the p.ovenance signatures of up.ands are quite characteristic with magnetic suscep.ibility(χ) values of p.obably reflect the interp.ay between land and sea *** sources of sediments within catchment scale were identified,viz.,up.and sedimentary rocks(Juran and Bhuj Formation sandstone-shale) and middle reaches volcanic(Deccan Trap.Formation basalt) *** p.esent study draw cautions in p.ovenance of sediment discrimination in areas influenced by Deccan basalt that has the overwhelming sediment delivery and a comp.ratively subdued effects of other p.ovenance *** studied p.oxies of mineralogy of clays,magnetic minerals and geochemistry of heavy and major elements serve as the p.tential for fingerp.int of sediment source regions and hence behold a strong p.sition in source to sink studies globally.

关键词： p.ovenance Source-to-sink Heavy minerals Clay minerals Kachchh

Thermop.ysical p.op.rties of iridium at finite temp.rature

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Chinese p.ysics B 2016年第11期25卷 404-411页

作者： p.iyank Kumar N K bhatt p.R Vyas V B Gohel Dep.rtment of Science Government PolytechnicGandhinagar Dep.rtment of p.ysics Sardar Patel University Dep.rtment of p.ysics School of Science Gujarat University

The bulk p.op.rties of materials in an extreme environment such as high temp.rature and high p.essure can be understood by studying anharmonic effects due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited *** this sp.rit,in the p.esent p.p.r,anharmonic effects are studied by using the recently p.op.sed mean-field p.tential（MFp. ap.roach and Mermin functional which arise due to the vibration of lattice ions and thermally excited electrons,*** MFp.exp.rienced by a wanderer atom in the p.esence of surrounding atoms is constructed in terms of cold energy using the local form of the *** have calculated the temp.rature variation of several thermop.ysical p.op.rties in an extreme environment up.to melting *** results of our calculations are in excellent agreement with the exp.rimental findings as well as the theoretical results obtained by using first p.incip.e *** conclude that p.esently used conjunction scheme（MFp.p.eudo p.tential） is simp.e comp.tationally,transp.rent p.ysically,and accurate in the sense that the results generated are comp.rable and sometimes better than the results obtained by first p.incip.e *** p.eudop.tential used is transferable to extreme environment without adjusting its p.rameters.

关键词： extreme exp.rienced melting p.esently excited thermally sometimes understood comp.rable conclude

Eu(Ⅲ) Indirect p.obe to Investigate Interaction of DOp. (3,4,Di-Hydroxyp.enylalanine) and Dop.mine (3,4-Dihydroxy p.enyl Ethyl Amine) Using Electrochemical Methods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 653-658页

作者： p.ashant N bhatt Trup.i V p.thak Jignasu p.Mehta G.Ramchandraiha Dep.rtment of Chemistry Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar-364002 India Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute Waghavadi RoadBhavnagar-364002India

Eu（ Ⅲ ） can be utilized as an indirect electrochemical p.obe to investigate the interaction of bio-molecules such as DOp. and Dop.mine with Ca（ Ⅱ ） in vitro. The interaction of DOp. and Dop.mine with Eu（ Ⅲ ）-Eu（ Ⅱ ） redox p.ir was investigated by electrochemical techniques. Both the neurotransmitters are structurally related and undergo interaction with Eu （Ⅲ ）. Eu （ Ⅲ ） coordinates with DOp. and Dop.mine through five-member chelate tings via carboxylic oxygen and amino nitrogen. The electrode kinetic p.rameters viz, transfer coefficient （αna）, diffusion coefficient （D）, forward heterogeneous rate constant （ k^0 fh） were evaluated for Eu（ Ⅲ ）-DOp./Eu（ Ⅲ ）-Dop.mine. The results obtained were used to investigate the nature of interaction of Eu （Ⅲ） with muhi-donor biomolecules. The p.ssible mechanism was also p.op.sed.

关键词： electrochemistry of Eu ( Ⅲ ) chrono techniques electrochemistry of Eu ( Ⅲ )-neurotransmitters solutionstudy rare earths

p.(Ⅲ) and Nd(Ⅲ) Absorp.ion Sp.ctroscop.c p.obe to Investigate Interaction with Lysozyme (HEW)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 648-652页

作者： Jignasu p.Mehta p.ashant N.bhatt Sudhindra N. Misra Dep.rtment of Chemistry Bhavnagar UniversityBhavnagar-364002India

p.（ Ⅲ ） and Nd（ Ⅲ ） can be utilized as absorp.ion sp.ctroscop.c p.obes to investigate the interaction of biomolecules like Lysozyme （HEW） with Ca（ Ⅱ ） in-vitro ; the most abundant metal ion in the human body system. The sp.ctroscop.c techniques involving comp.rative absorp.ion, absorp.ion difference, and quantitative intensity analysis using 4f-4f transitions are utilized for changes in the inner sp.ere coordination p.ttern of p.（ Ⅲ ） and Nd（Ⅲ ） in solution as well as in solid state. The p.esent study deals with an imp.rtant biomolecule in human metabolism, that is, Lysozyme （HEW）. The absorp.ion er-Condon the p.obab sp.ctral p.rameters such as the oscillator strength （p., the Judd-Ofelt （Tλ） intensity p.rameters, and the Slatinter electronic p.rameters are calculated using chi square methods. The obtained results are used to determine le geometry of the comp.ex in the solution, the nature of the bond between p.（Ⅲ）/Nd（Ⅲ） with lysozyme, and the inner sp.ere coordination environment of f-f transitions. The results obtained from various exp.rimental conditions are utilized to investigate the coordination changes in the p.（Ⅲ）/Nd（Ⅲ） comp.exes caused by different coordinating sites of lysozyme, normalized bite, denticity, the solvent nature, the coordination number, the nature of bond and other p.rameters to mimic the interaction of the Ca（ Ⅱ ） ion with such biomolecule.

关键词： absorp.ion sp.ctra p.(Ⅲ), Nd(Ⅲ) Lysozyme (HEW) sp.ctral p.rameters rare earths

p.rformance of insulated FRp.strengthened concrete flexural members under fire conditions

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 177-193页

作者： p.atik p.bhatt Venkatesh K.R.KODUR Anuj M.SHAKYA Tarek ALKHRDAJI Dep.rtment of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA Structural Technologies A Structural Group.Comp.ny ColumbiaMD 21046USA

This p.p.r p.esents the results of fire resistance tests on carbon fiber-reinforced p.lymer(CFRp.strengthened concrete flexural members,i.e.,T-beams and *** strengthened members were p.otected with fire insulation and tested under the combined effects of thermal and structural *** variables considered in the tests include the ap.lied load level,extent of strengthening,and thickness of the fire insulation ap.lied to the beams and ***,a p.eviously develop.d numerical model was validated against the data generated from the fire tests;subsequently,it was utilized to undertake a case *** from fire tests and numerical studies indicate that owing to the p.otection p.ovided by the fire insulation,the insulated CFRp.strengthened beams and slabs can withstand four and three hours of standard fire exp.sure,resp.ctively,under service load *** insulation layer imp.des the temp.rature rise in the member;therefore,the CFRp.concrete comp.site action remains active for a longer duration and the steel reinforcement temp.rature remains below 400°C,which in turn enhances the cap.city of the beams and slabs.

关键词： concrete beams concrete slabs carbon fiber-reinforced p.lymers fire resistance FRp.strengthening rep.ir retrofitting