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Predictors of disease severity in ulcerative colitis patients from Southwestern Ontario

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第2期16卷 232-236页

作者： lee S roth Nilesh Chande Terry Ponich maya l roth James Gregor Division of Gastroenterology London Health Sciences Centre Victoria Hospital800 Commissioner’s Road EastLondon OntarioN6A 5W9Canada Operational Stress Injury Clinic Parkwood HospitalLondonOntarioN6C 5J1Canada

AIM:To understand the demographic characteristics of patients in Southwestern Ontario,Canada with ulcerative colitis(UC)in order to predict disease severity. METHODS:Records from 1996 to 2001 were exam- ined to create a database of UC patients seen in the london Health Sciences Centre South Street Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic.To be included, patients'charts were required to have information of their disease presentation and a minimum of 5 years of follow-up.Charts were reviewed using standardized data collection forms.Disease severity was generated during the chart review process,and non-endoscopic Mayo Score criteria were collected into a composite. RESUlTS:One hundred and two consecutive patients'data were entered into the database.Demographic analyses revealed that 51%of the patients were male, the mean age at diagnosis was 39 years,13.7%had a first degree relative with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),61.8%were nonsmokers and 24.5%were ex-smokers.In 22.5%of patients the disease was limited to the rectum,in 21.6%disease was limited to the sigmoid colon,in 22.5%disease was limited to the left colon,and 32.4%of patients had pancolitis. Standard multiple regression analysis which regressed a composite of physician global assessment of disease severity,average number of bowel movements,and average amount of blood in bowel movements on year of diagnosis and age at time of diagnosis was significant,R 2=0.306,F(7,74)=4.66,Play from symptoms to diagnosis of UC,gender, family history of IBD,smoking status and disease severity at the time of diagnosis didnot significantly predict the composite measure. CONClUSION:UC severity is associated with younger age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis in a longitudinal cohort of UC patients,and may identify prognostic UC indicators.

关键词： Demographic Disease severity Prognosis Ulcerative colitis

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Glycogen hepatopathy in type-1 diabetes mellitus: A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 471-478页

作者： Yuvaraj Singh Susant Gurung maya Gogtay Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01604United States

BACKGROUND It has been studied that fluctuating glucose levels may superimpose glycated hemoglobin in determining the risk for diabetes mellitus(DM)complications.While non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)remains a predominant cause of elevated transaminases in Type 2 DM due to a strong underplay of metabolic syndrome,Type 1 DM can contrastingly affect the liver in a direct,benign,and reversible manner,causing Glycogen hepatopathy(GH)-with a good prognosis.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old female with history of poorly controlled type 1 DM,status post cholecystectomy several years ago,and obesity presented with nausea,vomiting,and abdominal pain.Her vitals at the time of admission were stable.On physical examination,she had diffuse abdominal tenderness.Her finger-stick glucose was 612 mg/dl with elevated ketones and low bicarbonate.Her labs revealed abnormal liver studies:AST 1460 U/l,AlP:682 U/l,AlP:569 U/l,total bilirubin:0.3mg/dl,normal total protein,albumin,and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio(PT/INR).A magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)demonstrated mild intra and extra-hepatic biliary ductal dilation without evidence of choledocholithiasis.She subsequently underwent a diagnostic ERCP which showed a moderately dilated CBD,for which a stent was placed.Studies for viral hepatitis,Wilson’s Disease,alpha-1-antitrypsin,and iron panel came back normal.Due to waxing and waning transaminases during the hospital course,a liver biopsy was eventually done,revealing slightly enlarged hepatocytes that were PAS-positive,suggestive of glycogenic hepatopathy.With treatment of hyperglycemia and ensuing strict glycemic control,her transaminases improved,and she was discharged.CONClUSION With a negative hepatocellular and cholestatic work-up,our patient likely had GH,a close differential for NASH but a poorly recognized entity.GH,first described in 1930 as a component of Mauriac syndrome,is believed to be due to glucose and insulin levels fluctuation.Dual echo magnetic resonance imaging sequencing and compu

关键词： Glycogen Mauriac Hepatic Steatosis Diabetes Type 1 Case report

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Analgesic effect of inhaled lavender essential oil for frenotomy in healthy neonates:a randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 398-403页

作者： Silvia maya-Enero Montserrat Fàbregas-Mitjans Rosa Maria llufriu-Marquès Júlia Candel-Pau Jordi Garcia-Garcia MaríaÁngeles lópez-Vílchez Department of Neonatology Service of PediatricsHospital del MarParc de Salut MarUniversitat Pompeu FabraPasseig Marítim 25-2908003BarcelonaSpain

Background Neonatal pain may affect long-term neurodevelopment and must be treated.Frenotomy is a painful procedure wherein a common strategy to relieve pain(sucking)cannot be used because the technique is performed on the tongue.lavender essential oil(lEO)has sedative and antispasmodic properties and has been successfully used to treat pain during heel puncture and vaccination.Our aim was to demonstrate if the use of inhaled lEO is effective in reducing pain during frenotomy in healthy,full-term neonates.Methods We conducted a randomized clinical trial in neonates who underwent a frenotomy between August 2020 and April 2021.We assessed pain using pre and post-procedure heart rate and oxygen saturation,crying time and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale(NIPS)score.Patients with type 3 tongue tie were randomized into the“experimental group”and“control group”.In both groups,we performed swaddling,administered oral sucrose,and let the newborn suck for two minutes.In the experimental group,we also placed a gauze pad with one drop of lEO under the neonate’s nose for two minutes prior to and during the frenotomy.Results We enrolled 142 patients(71 per group).The experimental group showed significantly lower NIPS scores(1.88 vs 2.92)and cried almost half the amount of time(14.8 vs.24.6 seconds,P=0.006).Comparing with the control group,we observed no side effects in either of the groups.Conclusions We observed a significant decrease in crying time and lower NIPS scores in the neonates who received inhaled lEO and underwent a frenotomy for type 3 tongue-ties.Thus,we recommend using inhaled lEO during neonatal frenotomies.

关键词： Ankyloglossia Aromatherapy Frenotomy lavender Neonate Neonatal pain Tongue-tie

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Regulation of macrophage activation in the liver after acute injury: Role of the fibrinolytic system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1879-1887页

作者： Katherine roth Jenna Strickland Bryan l Copple Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute for Integrative ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States

The liver functions,in part,to prevent exposure of the body to potentially harmful substances ingested in the diet.While it is highly efficient at accomplishing this,it is frequently prone to liver injury due to the biotransformation of xenobiotics into toxic metabolites.To counter this injury,the liver has evolved a unique capacity to rapidly and efficiently repair itself.Successful resolution of acute liver injury relies on hepatic macrophage populations that orchestrate the reparative response.After injury,Kupffer cells,the resident macrophages of the liver,become activated and secrete proinflammatory cytokines.These cytokines recruit other immune cells,including monocyte-derived macrophages,to the liver where they contribute to the repair process.Monocyte-derived macrophages traffic into the necrotic foci where they rapidly phagocytose dead cell debris.Simultaneous with this process,these cells change phenotype from a proinflammatory macrophage to a prorestorative macrophage that produce pro-mitogenic growth factors and antiinflammatory cytokines.Ultimately this process triggers resolution of inflammation,and along with proliferation of other hepatic cells,restores the liver architecture and function.While the mechanisms regulating specific macrophage functions during repair remain to be elucidated,recent studies indicate a key role for the fibrinolytic system in coordinating macrophage function during repair.In this review,we will highlight the function and role of hepatic macrophages in repair after acute liver injury,and will discuss the role of the fibrinolytic enzyme,plasmin,in regulation of these various processes.

关键词： Macrophage Plasmin Acetaminophen liver injury liver repair

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Hyperglycemia in COVID-19 infection without diabetes mellitus:Association with inflammatory markers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1287-1298页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha Garima Singh Abinesh Sekar maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh George MAbraham Nitin Trivedi Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

BACKGROUND New onset hyperglycemia is common in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection.Cytokine storm due to COVID-19 infection is an essential etiology for new-onset hyperglycemia,but factors like direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-induced pancreaticβ-cell failure have also been postulated to play a role.AIM We plan to investigate further the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyperglycemia,particularly the rationale of the cytokine-induced hyperglycemia hypothesis,by evaluating the association between inflammatory markers and new onset hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection.METHODS We conducted a retrospective case-control study on adults without diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.The serum levels of glucose and inflammatory markers at presentation before initiation of corticosteroid were collected.Hyperglycemia was defined as glucose levels≥140 mg/dl.C-Reactive protein(CRP)≥100 mg/l,ferritin≥530 ng/ml,lactate dehydrogenase(lDH)≥590 U/l,and D-dimer≥0.5 mg/l were considered elevated.We used theχ2 test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and calculated the logistic regression for hyperglycemia.RESUlTS Of the 520 patients screened,248 met the inclusion criteria.Baseline demographics were equally distributed between patients with hyperglycemia and those who were normoglycemic.Serum inflammatory markers in patients with or without new-onset hyperglycemia were elevated as follows:CRP(58.1%vs 65.6%,P=0.29),ferritin(48.4%vs 34.9%,P=0.14),D-dimer(37.1%vs 37.1%,P=0.76)and lDH(19.4%vs 11.8%,P=0.02).logistic regression analysis showed lDH odds ratio(OR)=1.623(P=0.256).We observed significantly higher mortality(24.2%vs 9.1%,P=0.001;OR=2.528,P=0.024)and length of stay(8.89 vs 6.69,P=0.026)in patients with hyperglycemia.CONClUSION Our study showed no association between CRP,ferritin,lDH,D-dimer levels,and new-onset hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with COVID-19 i

关键词： COVID-19 Inflammatory markers Hyperglycemia C-reactive protein Mortality Severity Mechanisms Diabetes mellitus

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Improving the prediction accuracy of soil nutrient classification by optimizing extreme learning machine parameters

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第1期7卷 72-82页

作者： M.S.Suchithra maya l.Pai Department of Computer Science and IT Amrita School of Arts and SciencesKochiAmrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham682024India

The soil,Soul of Infinite life,is the entity responsible for sustaining life on earth.In spite of significant advances in the service sector,agriculture remains the major provider of employment and source of revenue in India.Soil testing is a valuable tool for evaluating the available nutrient status of soil and helps to determine the proper amount of nutrients to be added to a given soil based on its fertility and crop needs.In the current study,the soil test report values are used to classify several significant soil features like village wise soil fertility indices of Available Phosphorus(P),Available Potassium(K),Organic Carbon(OC)and Boron(B),as well as the parameter Soil Reaction(pH).The classification and prediction of the village wise soil parameters aids in reducing wasteful expenditure on fertilizer inputs,increase profitability,save the time of chemical soil analysis experts,improves soil health and environmental quality.These five classification problems are solved using the fast learning classification technique known as Extreme learning Machine(ElM)with different activation functions like gaussian radial basis,sine-squared,hyperbolic tangent,triangular basis,and hard limit.After the performance analysis of ElMs with diverse activation functions for these soil parameter classifications,the gaussian radial basis function attains the maximum performance for four out of five problems,which goes above 80%in most of the accuracy rate calculations in every problem,followed by hyperbolic tangent,hard limit,triangular basis,and sine-squared.However,the performance of the final classification problem,i.***.the pH classification,gives moderate values with the gaussian radial basis and best performance(near 90%),with the hyperbolic tangent.

关键词： Extreme learning machine Activation functions Soil fertility indices Soil pH Classification Prediction

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Consequences of redefining Alzheimer＇s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2098-2099页

作者： Stephen R.Robinson Holly M.Brothers maya l.Gosztyla School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia Institutefor Breathing and Sleep Austin Health Heidelberg VictoriaAustralia Department of Psychology The Ohio State University ColumbusOH USA Department of Neuroscience the Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH USA

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）redefined：For the past century,AD has been defined as a disease of progressive cognitive decline paired with a burden of amyloid-β（Aβ）plaques and pathologic tau tangles in the hippocampus and forebrain.However,a recent Framework paper jointly sponsored by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer＇s Association（Jack et al.,2018）proposes new classification guidelines for AD,which,if adopted,will have profoundconsequences for the future management of AD.

关键词： AD Consequences of redefining Alzheimer’s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Response to osimertinib in a colorectal cancer patient with an EGFR T790M mutation: A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第10期15卷 1829-1834页

作者： Blake Buzard lindsey Douglass Beth Gustafson Jennifer Buckley Marc roth lara Kujtan Dhruv Bansal Cancer Institute St.Luke's HospitalKansasMO 64111United States Department of Medical Oncology University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansasMO 64108United States Department of Hematology/Oncology St.Luke's Cancer InstituteKansasMO 64111United States

BACKGROUND Although common in lung cancer,somatic epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are rarely found in colorectal cancer,occurring in approximately 3%of cases.Treatment with anti-EGFR antibodies is commonplace,but EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors are not standard treatments in colorectal cancer.Here we report a case of sustained response to osimertinib in a colorectal cancer patient with an EGFR T790M mutation on cell-free DNA analysis.CASE SUMMARY A 72-year old woman with a past medical history of post-polio syndrome confined to a wheelchair,scoliosis and hypothyroidism presented with metastatic sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma with hepatic metastases.Next generation sequencing revealed a RAS/RAF wild-type,microsatellite stable,PD-l1 negative malignancy.Mutations in TP3 and APC were also identified,as well as EGFR amplification.Cell-free DNA analysis revealed an EGFR T790M mutation.She was unable to tolerate first-line treatment with panitumumab,5-fluorouracil and leucovorin,progressed on second-line treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab,and was unable to tolerate third-line treatment with regorafenib.She was started on fourth-line treatment with off-label osimertinib,with clinical response–decrease in size of hepatic metastases and a pericardial effusion.She remained on treatment with osimertinib for seven months.CONClUSION This case shows the benefit of multi-gene sequencing assays to identify potential therapeutic options in patients with refractory disease.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Osimertinib Epidermal growth factor receptor T790M Precision oncology Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Case report

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Genomic prediction of fruit texture and training population optimization towards the application of genomic selection in apple

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 889-902页

作者： Morgane roth Hélène Muranty Mario Di Guardo Walter Guerra Andrea Patocchi Fabrizio Costa Plant Breeding Research Division AgroscopeWädenswilZurichSwitzerland IRHS INRAEAgrocampus-OuestUniversitéd’AngersSFR 4207 QuaSaVBeaucouzéFrance Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund Mach(FEM)Via E.Mach 138010 San Michele all’AdigeItaly Department of Agriculture Food and Environment(Di3A)University of CataniaCataniaItaly Research Centre laimburg Laimburg 639040 AuerItaly Center Agriculture Food Environment University of TrentoVia Mach 138010 San Michele all’AdigeItaly Present address:GAFl INRAE84140 MontfavetFrance

Texture is a complex trait and a major component of fruit quality in apple.While the major effect of MdPG1,a gene controlling firmness,has already been exploited in elite cultivars,the genetic basis of crispness remains poorly understood.To further improve fruit texture,harnessing loci with minor effects via genomic selection is therefore necessary.In this study,we measured acoustic and mechanical features in 537 genotypes to dissect the firmness and crispness components of fruit texture.Predictions of across-year phenotypic values for these components were calculated using a model calibrated with 8,294 SNP markers.The best prediction accuracies following cross-validations within the training set of 259 genotypes were obtained for the acoustic linear distance(0.64).Predictions for biparental families using the entire training set varied from low to high accuracy,depending on the family considered.While adding siblings or half-siblings into the training set did not clearly improve predictions,we performed an optimization of the training set size and composition for each validation set.This allowed us to increase prediction accuracies by 0.17 on average,with a maximal accuracy of 0.81 when predicting firmness in the‘Gala’×‘Pink lady’family.Our results therefore identified key genetic parameters to consider when deploying genomic selection for texture in apple.In particular,we advise to rely on a large training population,with high phenotypic variability from which a‘tailored training population’can be extracted using a priori information on genetic relatedness,in order to predict a specific target population.

关键词： prediction optimization fir

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Baird’s tapir density in high elevation forests of the Talamanca region of Costa Rica

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 381-388页

作者： JoséF.GONZÁlEZ-maya Jan SCHIPPER Beth POlIDORO Annelie HOEPKER Diego ZÁRRATE-CHARRY Jerrold l.BElANT Sierra to Sea Institute ProCAT Internacional/ColombiaLas AlturasCoto BrusPuntarenasCosta Rica Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IE-UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaDFMexico Carnivore Ecology laboratory Forest and Wildlife Research CenterMississippi State UniversityMississippiUSA Big Island Invasive Species Committee University of HawaiiHiloHawaiiUSA Old Dominion University NorfolkVirginiaUSA

Baird’s tapir(Tapirus bairdii)is currently endangered throughout its neotropical range with an expected popula--lished in Valle del Silencio within Parque Internacional la Amistad(PIlA).Seventy-seven tapir pictures of 15 individuals comprising 25 capture-recapture events were analyzed using mark-recapture techniques.The 100%minimum convex polygon of the sampled area was 5.7 km2 and the effective sampled area using half mean max-imum distances moved by tapirs was 7.16 km2.We estimated a tapir density of 2.93 individuals/km2 which rep-resents the highest density reported for this species.Intermountain valleys can represent unique and important habitats for large mammal species.However,the extent of isolation of this population,potentially constrained by steep slopes of the cordillera,remains unknown.Further genetic and movement studies are required to un-derstand meta-population dynamics and connectivity between lowland and highland areas for Baird’s tapir con-servation in Costa Rica.

关键词： camera trap capture Central America populations tapir

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