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Bio-inspiration as a Concept for Sustainable Constructions Illustrated on Graded Concrete

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 742-753页

作者： rafael Horn Stefan Albrecht Walter Haase max Langer Daniel Schmeer Werner Sobek Olga Speck Philip Leistner Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP GaBi Stuttgart 70563Germany Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design(ILEK’) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Plant Biomechanics Group Botanic GardenUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany Institute for Acoustics and Building Physics University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany

The building industry is one of the main contributors to worldwide resource consumption and anthropogenic climate ***,sustainable solutions in construction are particularly *** by the success principles of living nature,biologists and engineers present here an interdisciplinary work:The sustainability assessment of a bio-inspired material technology called graded concrete,which was developed at *** structural materials can be found in plants on different hierarchical levels,providing a multitude of creative solutions for *** concrete applies this biological concept of structural optimization to the interior structure of concrete components to minimize material and resource *** evaluate the sustainability of this innovation,a newly developed quantitative Bio-inspired Sustainability Assessment(BiSA)method is *** focuses on the relationship of environmental,social and economic functions and the corresponding burdens quantified basing on life cycle *** BiSA of graded concrete slabs shows significant improvements over conventional concrete for the applied use *** an overall reduction of environmental burdens by 13%is expected,economic burdens can be reduced by up to 40%and social burdens by 35.7%.The assessment of the graded concrete technology identifies its potential with regard to sustainable *** presented work provides a blueprint for the interdisciplinary,integrative work on sustainable,bio-inspired *** shows that the synergies of bio-inspiration and BiSA within technical product development can be fruitful.

关键词： sustainability assessment bio-inspired sustainability graded concrete biomimetic promise BiSA

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Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared M.Wohlgemut max E.r.Marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi rebecca S.Stoner William Marsh Zane B.Perkins Nigel r.M.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

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Migration drivers in mountain regions in the context of climate change:A case study in Shangnan County of China

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Chinese Journal of Population,resources and Environment 2013年第3期11卷 200-209页

作者： Yinru Lei max Finlayson rik Thwaites Guoqing Shi Institution of Land Waterand SocietyCharles Sturt University National research Center for resettlement Hohai University

Climate change has become widely accepted as a challenge that humans will face in the not-too-distant *** ecosystems and their inhabitants are among the most vulnerable to climate *** paper seeks to explain migration drivers in specific mountain regions in the context of climate change based on Foresight's conceptual framework.A climate change sensitive field named Shangnan County in southern Shaanxi Province is chosen as the case study area to investigate local migration drivers.A series of qualitative research methods is employed in the case study including participant observation,semi-structured interviews,and focus group *** evidence of survey suggests that migration decisions are not only shaped by macro factors in aspects of environmental,economics,demographic,social,politics and psychological,but also influenced by placed-related barriers and facilitating mechanisms and personal characteristics.

关键词： climate change migration driver mountain region

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Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for modelling fuel sprays

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Energy and AI 2023年第2期12卷 62-75页

作者： Cihan Ates Farhad Karwan max Okraschevski rainer Koch Hans-Jörg Bauer Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Thermal TurbomachineryGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Machine Intelligence in Energy SystemsGermany

In this study, the probabilistic, data driven nature of the generative adversarial neural networks (GANs)was utilized to conduct virtual spray simulations for conditions relevant to aero engine combustors. Themodel consists of two sub-modules: (i) an autoencoder converting the variable length droplet trajectories intofixed length, lower dimensional representations and (ii) a Wasserstein GAN that learns to mimic the latentrepresentations of the evaporating droplets along their lifetime. The GAN module was also conditioned withthe injection location and the diameters of the droplets to increase the generalizability of the whole *** training data was provided from highly resolved 3D, transient Eulerian–Lagrangian, large eddy simulationsconducted with OpenFOAM. Neural network models were created and trained within the open source machinelearning framework of PyTorch. Predictive capabilities of the proposed method was discussed with respect tospray statistics and evaporation dynamics. results show that conditioned GAN models offer a great potentialas low order model approximations with high computational efficiency. Nonetheless, the capabilities of theautoencoder module to preserve local dependencies should be improved to realize this potential. For the currentcase study, the custom model architecture was capable of conducting the simulation in the order of secondsafter a day of training, which had taken one week on HPC with the conventional CFD approach for the samenumber of droplets (200,000 trajectories).

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Generative learning Fuel injection Aero engines Multivariate time series

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ACOUSTICAL IMPrOVEMENTS WITH NATUrAL AIr VENTILATION IN THE LIU INSTITUTE FOr GLOBAL ISSUES AT THE UNIVErSITY OF BrITISH COLUMBIA

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Journal of Green Building 2011年第1期6卷 114-122页

作者： Zohreh razavi max richter Murray Hodgson Alireza Khaleghi Stantec Architecture Ltd. Acoustics and Noise research Group SOEH-MECHUniversity of British Columbia3rd Floor2206 East MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z3 Current address:Busby Perkins+Will 1220 Homer St.VancouverBC V6B 2Y5 School of Environmental Health 3rd floor2206 East Mall and Department of Mechanical Engineering6250 Applied Science LaneUniversity of British

Low speech privacy in shared and private offices in one of the early generation of a“green”building resulted in occupants’*** problem is experienced in Liu institute with a natural-ventilation *** a system requires low air-flow resistance which is achieved by large openings which will result in noise transmission between various spaces within the *** poor acoustical quality in this building resulted in occupants’noise complaints which were further investigated by way of relevant acoustical ***-Acoustic software was utilized to modify the acoustical quality of the building without any disturbance to the *** optimized design of the transfer box above the office door was selected based on CATT-Acoustic *** acoustical measurements were conducted after installation of the transfer box above the office *** measurements’results agreed with the predictions which led to improved speech privacy to an acceptable level between the office and the corridor in Liu *** work should be done to improve the acoustical quality of natural-ventilated building to conform to ANSI standards.1 The results of this study strongly support including acoustics in“green”building designs with natural ventilation to avoid users’complaints.

关键词： “green”building natural ventilation acoustical environment noise control

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Exploring the depths of the global earth observation system of systems

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Big Earth Data 2017年第1期1卷 21-46页

作者： max Craglia Jiri Hradec Stefano Nativi Mattia Santoro European Commission Joint research CentreDirectorate B:growth and innovation Digital Economy UnittP 262 Joint research Centreispraitaly Italian National research Council institute for atmospheric researchSesto Fiorentinoitaly

This paper explores for the first time the contents,structure and relationships across institutions and disciplines of a global Big Earth Data cyber-infrastructure:the Global Earth Observation System of System(GEOSS).The analysis builds on 1.8 million metadata records harvested in *** this set includes almost all the major large data collections in GEOSS,the analysis represents more than 80%of all the data made available through this global *** explore two major aspects:the collaborative networks and the thematic coverage in *** first connects the contributing organisations through the more than 200,000 keywords used in the systems,and then explores who is citing whom,a proxy for of institutional *** thematic coverage is analysed through neural network algorithms,first on the keywords,and then on the corpus of 653 million lemmatised lower case words built from the titles and abstracts of all 1.8 million metadata *** findings not only give a good overview of the GEOSS data universe,but offer immediate priorities on how to increase the usability of GEOSS through improved data management,and the opportunity to augment the metadata with high level concept that synthetise well the contents of the data-set.

关键词： Machine learning gEOSS data management neural networks word embedding

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A review of bio-inspired needle for percutaneous interventions

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Biomimetic Intelligence & robotics 2022年第4期2卷 2-13页

作者： Yichi Ma Xiao Xiao Hongliang ren max Q.-H.Meng Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHongkong 999077China

Bio-inspired design translates the knowledge of natural or biological structures or behaviors into novel theories and technologies,providing new directions for research and *** the medical needles for percutaneous intervention technology appear to be mature,biomimetic solutions become popular to further facilitate the performance of the medical *** this paper,we review the current state of bio-inspired medical needle designs for percutaneous interventions,including a variety of biomimetic mechanisms and insertion *** and experimental designs of biomimetic medical needles are classified into five groups with respect to the applications,while their characteristics are identified and *** classification and discussion will not only provide technical insights into previous studies but also identify undiscovered directions for future research.

关键词： Bio-inspired needle Biopsy needle Steerable needle

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A rare Case of Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Squamous Phenotype with Epstein-Barr Virus Positivity with Prolonged response to both Chemotherapy and radiotherapy

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中国肺癌杂志 2021年第7期24卷 526-528页

作者： Carolina Navarro rODrIGUEZ Muhammad Shahid IQBAL max rOBINSON Graham BUrNS Alastair GrEYSTOKE Department of Clinical Oncology Freeman Hospital Department of Pathology Freeman Hospital Department of respiratory Medicine Royal Victoria Infirmary Department of Medical Oncology Northern Centre for Cancer CareThe Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle-upon-TyneUK

We present a rare challenging case of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with Epstein-Barr virus positivity that was also diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at the same time. Palliative chemotherapy gemcitabine and carboplatin was started after two weeks of anti-tuberculosis treatment with the hopes that this period would be sufficient to keep acid fast bacilli non-viable to minimise risk of tuberculosis re-activation due to chemotherapy induced immunosuppression. She completed four cycles of chemotherapy and six months of anti-tuberculosis treatment with good results and minimal side effects. Two years later, there was disease recurrence in cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes which was treated with local treatment i.e. surgery and palliative radiotherapy. It has been two years since last radiotherapy and overall more than five years since diagnosis with no active disease at present. Given the complexity and rarity of this case, significant multidisciplinary team involvement, including oncologists and radiation oncologists, pulmonologists with special interest in tuberculosis and pathologists was necessary throughout.

关键词： Lung neoplasms Epstein-Barr Virus Tuberculosis Chemotherapy radiotherapy

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Bridging the mental health treatment gap:effects of a collaborative care intervention(matrix support)in the detection and treatment of mental disorders in a Brazilian city

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第4期8卷 2-13页

作者： Sonia Saraiva max Bachmann Matheus Andrade Alberto Liria Leeds Institute of Health Sciences University of LeedsLeedsUK Norwich Medical School University of East AngliaNorwichUK Secretaria Municipal de Saúde(Municipal Health Department) FlorianópolisBrazil Departamento de Especialidades Médicas Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad de AlcaláAlcaláde HenaresSpain

Objective To analyse temporal trends in diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care following implementation of a collaborative care intervention(matrix support).Design Dynamic cohort design with retrospective time-series *** secondary data on medical visits to general practitioners of all study clinics were extracted from the municipal electronic records *** changes in the odds of mental disorders diagnoses and antidepressants prescriptions were estimated by multiple logistic regression at visit and patient-year levels with diagnoses or prescriptions as *** changes during two distinct stages of the intervention(stage 1 when it was restricted to mental health(2005-2009),and stage 2 when it was expanded to other areas(2010-2015))were compared by adding year-period interaction terms to each *** 49 primary care clinics in the city of Florianópolis,*** All adults attending primary care clinics of the study setting between 2005 and *** 3131983 visits representing 322100 patients were *** visit level,the odds of mental disorder diagnosis increased by 13%per year during stage 1(Or 1.13,95%CI 1.11 to 1.14,preased by 5%thereafter(Or 0.95,95%CI 0.94 to 0.95,prder diagnoses decreased by 1%per year during stage 1(Or 0.99,95%CI 0.98 to 1.00,p=0.012)and decreased by 7%per year during stage 2(Or 0.93,95%CI 0.92 to 0.93,pressant prescriptions in patients with a mental disorder diagnosis increased by 7%per year during stage 1(Or 1.07,95%CI 1.05 to 1.20,priven by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescriptions which increased 14%per year during stage 1(Or 1.14,95%CI 1.12 to 1.18,pring stage 2(Or 1.09,95%CI 1.08 to 1.10,pressant prescriptions did not increase during stage 1(Or 1.00,95%CI 0.97 to 1.02,p=0.665)and increased by 3%during s

关键词： prescription diagnosis treatment

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LAVES PHASE ALLOYS FOr HIGH TEMPErATUrE APPLICATIONS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1999年第S1期9卷 326-334页

作者： G.Sauthoff max Planck Institut für Eisenforschung Gmbh., D 40074 Düsseldorf, Germany

Ternary Laves phases with transition metals and aluminium were overviewed with respect to their use for structural high temperature applications. The relation between constitution, phase stability, crystal structure and basic mechanical properties was discussed. The crystal structure-hexagonal C14 structure or cubic C15 structure-is a function of atomic radii and valence electron concentration. A strong positive correlation of basic mechanical properties-hardness, yield stress-with the sublimation energy of the phases was found. The brittle to ductile transition temperature was observed at about 60% of the melting temperature. The regarded ternary Laves phases allow alloying to form stable equilibria with the less hard and brittle B2 aluminides. Advantageous examples are alloys of type NbNiAl NiAl, TaNiAl NiAl, and TaFeAl FeAl. Multiphase NiAl Ta Cr alloys are regarded as promising for structural high temperature applications and have been selected for a materials development which aims at applications in gas turbines at temperatures above those of Ni base superalloys, such alloy can be prepared by ingot metallurgy and powder metallurgy and hot forming is possible. Characteristic data were presented with respect to mechanical behaviour. The alloys showed a high thermoshock resistance in spite of the comparatively high brittle to ductile transition temperature. The prospects of alloy development were discussed.

关键词： Laves phase alloys high temperature applications

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