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Longitudinal height-diameter curves for Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch in Norway based on shape constraint additive regression models

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第2期5卷 109-125页

作者： matthias Schmidt Johannes Breidenbach Rasmus Astrup Northwest German Forest Research Institute Forest Growth Gratzelstr 2 37079 Gottingen Germany Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research National Forest Inventory Postboks 115 1431 As Norway

Background： Generalized height-diameter curves based on a re-parameterized version of the Korf function for Norway spruce （Piceo abies （L.） Karst.）, Scots pine （Pinus sylvestris L.） and silver birch （Betula pendula Roth） in Norwa are presented. The Norwegian National Forest Inventory （NFI） is used as data base for estimating the model parameters. The derived models are developed to enable spatially explicit and site sensitive tree height imputatio in forest inventories as well as future tree height predictions in growth and yield scenario simulations. Methods： Generalized additive mixed models （gamm） are employed to detect and quantify potentially non-linear effects of predictor variables. In doing so the quadratic mean diameter serves as longitudinal covariate since stand ag as measured in the NFI, shows only a weak correlation with a stands developmental status in Norwegian forests. Additionally the models can be locally calibrated by predicting random effects if measured height-diameter pairs are available. Based on the model selection of non-constraint models, shape constraint additive models （scare） were fit tc incorporate expert knowledge and intrinsic relationships by enforcing certain effect patterns like monotonicity. Results： Model comparisons demonstrate that the shape constraints lead to only marginal differences in statistical characteristics but ensure reasonable model predictions. Under constant constraints the developed models predict increasing tree heights with decreasing altitude, increasing soil depth and increasing competition pressure of a tree. / two-dimensional spatially structured effect of UTM-coordinates accounts for the potential effects of large scale spatial correlated covariates, which were not at our disposal. The main result of modelling the spatially structured effect is lower tree height prediction for coastal sites and with increasing latitude. The quadratic mean diameter affects both the level and the slope of the height-diameter

关键词： Height-diameter curve Norway spruce Scots pine Silver birch Norwegian national forest inventory Shape constrained additive models

Modelling the population fluctuation of winter moth and mottled umber moth in central and northern Germany

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Forest Ecosystems 2019年第1期6卷 38-55页

作者： Anika Hittenbeck Ronald Bialozyt matthias Schmidt Northwest German Forest Research Institute

Background: Winter moth(Operophtera brumata) and mottled umber moth(Erannis defoliaria) are forest Lepidoptera species characterized by periodic high abundance in a 7–11 year cycle. During outbreak years they cause severe defoliation in many forest stands in Europe. In order to better understand the spatio-temporal dynamics and elucidate possible influences of weather, stand and site conditions, a generalized additive mixed model was developed. The investigated data base was derived from glue band catch monitoring stands of both species in Central and North Germany. From the glue bands only female moth individuals are counted and a hazard code is calculated. The model can be employed to predict the exceedance of a warning threshold of this hazard code which indicates a potential severe defoliation of oak stands by winter moth and mottled umber in the coming ***: The developed model accounts for specific temporal structured effects for three large ecoregions and random effects at stand level. During variable selection the negative model effect of pest control and the positive model effects of mean daily minimum temperature in adult stage and precipitation in early pupal stage were ***: The developed model can be used for short-term predictions of potential defoliation risk in Central and North Germany. These predictions are sensitive to weather conditions and the population dynamics. However, a future extension of the data base comprising further outbreak years would allow for deeper investigation of the temporal and regional patterns of the cyclic dynamics and their causal influences on abundance of winter moth and mottled umber.

关键词： Operophtera brumata Erannis defoliaria Generalized additive mixed model Weather effect Insect pest outbreaks

Amino acid promoted hydrogen battery system using Mn-pincer complex for reversible CO_(2) hydrogenation to formic acid

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第5期16卷 697-699页

作者： Zupeng CHEN Henrik JUNGE matthias BELLER Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis University of RostockRostock 18059Germany Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis Rostock 18059Germany

The worldwide energy system developed in the past century is highly dependent on non-renewable fossil ***,the concentration of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))in the atmosphere has continuously increased from 280 ppm(parts per million)to>420 ppm since the industrial revolution[1–5].This excessive emission of CO_(2) causes global warming and ocean *** this context,the Paris Agreement on Climate Change adopted in 2015 recognized the necessity of holding the increase of global average temperature below 2℃,preferably 1.5℃,above pre-industrial levels,and reaching a CO_(2)-neutral process by 2050.

关键词： system hydrogenation reversible

Axon degeneration:new actor in an old play

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 547-548页

作者： Marina Herwerth matthias T.Wyss Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ZurichNeuroscience Center ZurichUniversity and ETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology Department of NeurologyTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany

After an insult of white matter tracts,*** the spinal cord or optic nerve,axons react in general by the activation of a tightly regulated self-destruction *** so-called axon degeneration cascade can be triggered by various causes,including injury,toxins,and genetic defects,and is a shared pathway in many different neurological diseases(Coleman and Hoke,2020).Axonal degeneration is thought to be responsible for disease progression and accumulation of disability across many neurological *** hallmark of early axonal injury is the appearance of local spheroid formations along the axon,often referred to as a“pearl-on-string”pattern or axonal beading or *** this striking shape change has been observed after various types of injury,such as mechanical,chemical,or inflammatory stimuli,we know little about its exact mechanism and its immediate impact on axonal *** this perspective,we would like to contrast the classical calcium-dependent form of axonal degeneration with a recently described form of a calcium-independent mechanism underlying axonal beading.

关键词： degeneration swelling injury

Resistance switching in oxides with inhomogeneous conductivity

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第6期22卷 1-18页

作者：尚大山孙继荣沈保根 Wuttig matthias Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences I.Physikalisches Institut(IA) RWTH Aachen University

Electric-field-induced resistance switching （RS） phenomena have been studied for over 60 years in metal/dielectrics/metal structures. In these experiments a wide range of dielectrics have been studied including binary transition metal oxides, perovskite oxides, chalcogenides, carbon- and silicon-based materials, as well as organic materials. RS phenomena can be used to store information and offer an attractive performance, which encompasses fast switching speeds, high scalability, and the desirable compatibility with Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor fabrication. This is promising for nonvolatile memory technology, i.e., resistance random access memory （RRAM）. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism is still lacking. This impedes faster product development as well as accurate assessment of the device performance potential. Generally speaking, RS occurs not in the entire dielectric but only in a small, confined region, which results from the local variation of conductivity in dielectrics. In this review, we focus on the RS in oxides with such an inhomogeneous conductivity. According to the origin of the conductivity inhomogeneity, the RS phenomena and their working mechanism are reviewed by dividing them into two aspects： interface RS, based on the change of contact resistance at metal/oxide interface due to the change of Schottky barrier and interface chemical layer, and bulk RS, realized by the formation, connection, and disconnection of conductive channels in the oxides. Finally the current challenges of RS investigation and the potential improvement of the RS performance for the nonvolatile memories are discussed.

关键词： resistance switching inhomogeneous conductivity transition metal oxide

Smoking prevalence in the area of responsibility of the German Ministry of Defense——results of the employee survey in the context of occupational health management

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Military Medical Research 2020年第3期7卷 343-349页

作者： Stefan Sammito Annika Claus Dirk-matthias Rose Department I 3 Research&Development Air Force Centre of Aerospace MedicineCologneGermany Occupational Medicine Faculty of MedicineOtto-von-Guericke-University of MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute for Teachers’Health Institute of OccupationalSocial and Environmental Medicine of the Johannes-Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Background:Tobacco use,correlated with reduced physical fitness,is one of the leading causes of avoidable death *** increases the risk of dementia and can shorten the lifespan by 10 *** the German Armed Forces(Bundeswehr),figures on smoking behavior have not been comprehensively *** study analyzes current data in a large sample from this ***:Based on an employee survey as part of the Occupational Health Management System,data on smoking behavior from 13,326 participants were analyzed in relation to age,gender,professional status,education level and membership in military operational units versus other ***:Smoking behavior varied significantly(Polder),gender,professional status,military agency membership status,and education level(the lower the education level,the higher the smoking rates).With the exception of the downward trend in smoking behavior with increasing age among civilian employees,these results were all significant(P<0.005).Conclusions:This data analysis shows that smoking prevalence among personnel in the area of responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Defense is comparable to the current data from corresponding surveys of the German *** on gender,they generally show values that are slightly above those of the German *** well-known trend in the general population of decreasing smoking prevalence with increasing age is also seen in this ***,there are considerable differences in the smoking prevalence among individual subgroups(professional status,agency,gender,education level).The data show that particular young soldiers in the armed forces should be the target group for further preventive measures.

关键词： Prevention Smoking Military Health promotion

Screening of the whole human cytochrome P450 complement(CYPome)with enzyme bag cocktails

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第3期10卷 271-276页

作者： Sangeeta Shrestha Sharma Shishir Sharma matthias Bureik School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Health Sciences PlatformTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

We have previously introduced the use of permeabilized fission yeast cells(enzyme bags)that recombinantly express full-length CYPs for drug metabolism *** enzyme bags are cells with pores that function as enzymes in *** can easily be prepared without a need for ultracentrifugation and may be used in similar protocols as *** this study we report the preparation of enzyme bag cocktails that permit the testing of multiple CYPs in a single enzyme bag ***,we established a convenient testing scheme that permits a rapid screen of all human CYPs for activity towards any given candidate *** important aspect of this approach is the reduction of individual CYP test *** a cocktail containing many CYPs tests negative,it follows that all CYPs included in that cocktail need not be tested individually,thus saving time and *** new protocol was validated using two probe substrates.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 Drug metabolism Fission yeast Luminescence Proluciferin

Palladium-catalysed efficient synthesis of primary alkyl halides from terminal and internal alkenes

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 63-65页

作者： Han-Jun Ai matthias Beller Xiao-Feng Wu Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V.

The development of remote functionalization of alkenes has recently gained considerable attention as it offers the op-portunity to directly transform a mixture of unrefined olefin isomers into a single valuable fine c...

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A metamodel for heritage-based urban recovery

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Built Heritage 2023年第2期7卷 26-49页

作者： Christer Gustafsson matthias Ripp Department of Art History Uppsala University(SE)UppsalaSweden. Department of Archives&Preservation of Historical Monuments City of Regensburg(DE) RegensburgGermany.

Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to discuss the potential transfer of a metamodel for heritage-based urban development(HBUD)in a postcrisis urban recovery ***/methodology/approach:After an introduction to the feld of cultural heritage as a resource for urban development,the research question is elaborated,and the current understanding of urban heritage is *** use of the metamodel in a postcrisis urban recovery setting is described as a potential *** proposed metamodel is introduced along with the grounded theory and design research methodology through which it was *** specifc qualities of metamodels and how they can contribute to the proposed use are *** scenario is then developed further,and specifc ways in which the metamodel could contribute are ***,the metamodel is compared to other methods,such as the historic urban landscape(HUL)approach,and the limitations are ***:The metamodel can potentially be used in a postcrisis urban recovery *** metamodel cannot be used directly,owing to the nature of metamodels;however,it can be transferred to a specifc context and help to structure successful heritage-based urban recovery(HBUR)*** limitations/implications:One limitation is that it can be difcult to understand the diferences between models and *** with a comprehensive understanding of the nature of metamodels can this metamodel be applied,for example,to select appropriate models for *** metamodel can help to ensure that all relevant‘elements’are part of the processes designed for HBUR and emphasise the need for thorough planning,or scoping,of such ***/value:Metamodelling has not previously been used for HBUD or HBUR.

关键词： Urban heritage Recovery Resilience Sustainable development Metamodel Conservation