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Rapid synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide-carbon aerogel composites for supercapacitor electrodes

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 212-220页

作者： matthew J.Crane matthew B.Lim Xuezhe Zhou peter J.pauzauskie Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-1750USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-2120USA Fundamental&Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA

Transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)materials have recently demonstrated exceptional supercapacitor properties after conversion to a metallic phase,which increases the conductivity of the ***,freestanding,exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenide films exhibit surface areas far below their theoretical maximum(1.2%),can fail during electrochemical operation due to poor mechanical properties,and often require pyrophoric chemicals to *** the other hand,pyrolyzed carbon aerogels exhibit extraordinary specific surface areas for double layer capacitance,high conductivity,and a strong mechanical network of covalent chemical *** this paper,we demonstrate the scalable,rapid nanomanufacturing of TMD(MoS2 and WS2)and carbon aerogel composites,favoring liquid-phase exfoliation to avoid pyrophoric *** aerogel matrix support enhances conductivity of the composite and the synthesis can complete in 30 *** find that the addition of transition metal dichalcogenides does not impact the structure of the aerogel,which maintains a high specific surface area up to 620 m^(2) g−1 with peak pore radii of 10 *** supercapacitor tests of the aerogels yield capacitances around 80 F g^(−1) at the lowest applied currents,the aerogels loaded with TMD’s exhibit volumetric capacitances up to 127% greater than the unloaded *** addition,the WS2 aerogels show excellent cycling stability with no capacitance loss over 2000 cycles,as well as markedly better rate capability and lower charge transfer resistance compared to their MoS2-loaded *** hypothesize that these differences in performance stem from differences in contact resistance and in the favorability of ion adsorption on the chalcogenides.

关键词： aerogel molybdenum disulfide nanomanufacturing rapid resorcinol-formaldehyde supercapacitor transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten disulfide

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COVID-19 economic policy effects on consumer spending and foot traffic in the U.S.

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第4期2卷 230-237页

作者： Zhiqing Yang Youngjun Choe matthew Martell Department of Statistics University of WashingtonUnited States Information School University of WashingtonUnited States Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering University of WashingtonUnited States

To battle with economic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic,the US government implemented various measures to mitigate economic *** issuance of stimulus checks to reopening businesses,consumers had to constantly alter their behavior in response to government *** anonymized card transactions and mobile device-based location tracking data,we analyze the factors that contribute to these behavior changes,focusing on stimulus check issuance and state-wide *** finding suggests that stimulus payment has a significant immediate effect of boosting spending,but it typically does not reverse a downward ***-wide reopening had a small effect on *** traffic increased gradually after stimulus check issuance,but only increased slightly after reopening,which also coincided or preceded several policy changes and confounding events(e.g.,protests)in the *** also find differences in the reaction to these policies in different regions in the *** results may be used to inform future economic recovery policies and their potential consumer response.

关键词： COVID-19 Economic impact Interrupted time series analysis

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Current hypotheses for the evolution of sex and recombination

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 192-209页

作者： matthew HARTFIELD peter D.KEIGHTLEY Institute of Evolutionary Biology University of EdinburghEdinburghUK

The evolution of sex is one of the most important and controversial problems in evolutionary *** sex is almost universal in higher animals and plants,its inherent costs have made its maintenance difficult to ex*** most famous of these is the twofold cost of males,which can greatly reduce the fecundity of a sexual population,compared to a population of asexual *** the past century,multiple hypotheses,along with experimental evidence to support these,have been put forward to explain widespread costly *** this review,we outline some of the most prominent theories,along with the experimental and observational evidence supporting ***,there have been 4 classes of theories:the ability of sex to fix multiple novel advantageous mutants(Fisher-Muller hypothesis);sex as a mechanism to stop the build-up of deleterious mutations in finite populations(Muller’s ratchet);recombination creating novel genotypes that can resist infection by parasites(Red Queen hypothesis);and the ability of sex to purge bad genomes if deleterious mutations act synergistically(mutational deterministic hypothesis).Current theoretical and experimental evidence seems to favor the hypothesis that sex breaks down selection interference between new mutants,or it acts as a mechanism to shuffle genotypes in order to repel parasitic ***,there is still a need to collect more data from natural populations and experimental studies,which can be used to test different hypotheses.

关键词： evolution of sex fitness-associated sex Hill-Robertson interference mutational deterministic hypothesis Red Queen hypothesis

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A Meshless and Matrix-Free Approach to Modeling Turbulent Fluid Flow Dedicated to professor Karl Stark pister for his 95th birthday

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第12期129卷 1373-1393页

作者： matthew Wilkinson Javier Villarreal Andrew Meade William Marsh Rice University HoustonTexas77251-1892USA

A meshless and matrix-free fluid dynamics solver(SOMA)is introduced that avoids the need for user generated and/or analyzed grids,volumes,and *** building of the approximation avoids creation and inversion of possibly dense block diagonal matrices and significantly reduces user *** results are presented from the application of SOMA to subsonic,compressible,and turbulent flow over an adiabatic flat plate.

关键词： Mesh free Navier-stokes turbulent flow machine learning

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perikinetics and sludge study for the decontamination of petroleum produced water(pW) using novel mucuna seed extract

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petroleum Science 2016年第2期13卷 328-339页

作者： matthew Menkiti Ifechukwu Ezemagu Bernard Okolo Water Resources Center Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringTexas Tech University Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture

In this study, Mucuna flagellipes seed extract was applied in the coagulation-flocculation of produced water （pW）. process parameters such as pH, dosage, and settling time were investigated. process kinetics was also studied. Instrumental characterization of mucuna seed （MS）, mucuna seed coagulant （MSC）, and post effluent treatment settled sludge （pTSS） were carried out. The optimum decontamination efficiency of 95 % was obtained at 1 g/L MSC dosage, pW pH of 2, and rate constant of 0.0001 （L/g/s）. Characterization results indicated that MS, MSC, and pTSS were of network structure, primitive lat- tice, and thermally stable. It could be concluded that MSC would be potential biomass for the treatment of produced water under the experimental conditions.

关键词： Mucuna seed produced water Coagulationflocculation Sludge perikinetics

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Resident involvement in the prostatic urethral lift:implementing innovative technology in an academic setting

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 616-620页

作者： Ridwan Alam matthew J Rabinowitz Taylor p Kohn Vanessa N peña James L Liu Yasin Bhanji Amin S Herati Department of Urology The James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Adoption of the prostatic urethral lift(pUL)as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia highlights the importance of training residents with novel technology without compromising patient *** study examines the effect of resident involvement during pUL on patient and procedural *** chart review was conducted on all consecutive pUL cases performed by a single academic urologist between October 2017 and November *** in post-graduate year(pGY)1–3 are considered junior residents,while those in pGY 4–6 are senior *** International prostate Symptom Score(IpSS)and quality of life(QOL)scores were used to measure *** and mixed-effects linear regression models were used to compare *** were 110 patients with a median age of 66.4 *** were involved in 73 cases(66.4%),and senior residents were involved in 31 of those *** involvement was not associated with adverse perioperative outcomes with respect to the number of implants fired,the percentage of implants successfully placed,or the postoperative catheterization *** adjustment for confounding factors,junior residents were associated with significantly longer case length compared to the attending alone(+12.6 min,p=0.003)but senior residents were not(+2.4 min,p=0.59).IpSS and QOL scores were not significantly affected by resident involvement(p=0.12 and p=0.21,respectively).The presence of surgeons-in-training,particularly those in the early stages,prolongs pUL case length but does not appear to have an adverse impact on patient outcomes.

关键词： internship and residency operative time prostatic hyperplasia prostheses and implants quality of life

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On the evolution of terrestrial planets:Bi-stability,stochastic effects,and the non-uniqueness of tectonic states

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 91-102页

作者： matthew B.Weller Adrian Lenardic Institute for Geophysics University of Texas at AustinUSA Lunar and planetary Institute HoustonTXUSA Department of Earth Science Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

The Earth is the only body in the solar system for which significant observational constraints are accessible to such a degree that they can be used to discriminate between competing models of Earth's tectonic *** is a natural tendency to use observations of the Earth to inform more general models of planetary ***,our understating of Earth's evolution is far from *** recent years,there has been growing geodynamic and geochemical evidence that suggests that plate tectonics may not have operated on the early Earth,with both the timing of its onset and the length of its activity far from ***,the potential of tectonic bi-stability(multiple stable,energetically allowed solutions)has been shown to be dynamically viable,both from analytical analysis and through numeric experiments in two and three *** indicates that multiple tectonic modes may operate on a single planetary body at different times within its temporal *** also allows for the potential that feedback mechanisms between the internal dynamics and surface processes(e.g.,surface temperature changes driven by long term climate evolution),acting at different thermal evolution times,can cause terrestrial worlds to alternate between multiple tectonic states over giga-year *** implication within this framework is that terrestrial planets have the potential to migrate through tectonic regimes at similar‘thermal evolution times'(e.g.,points were they have a similar bulk mantle temperature and energies),but at very different'temporal times'(time since planetary formation).It can be further shown that identical planets at similar stages of their evolution may exhibit different tectonic regimes due to random ***,we will discuss constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Earth and present a novel framework of planetary evolution that moves toward probabilistic arguments based on general physical principals,as opposed to particular rheol

关键词： planetary interiors Mantle convection Lid-state Bi-stability Thermal evolution

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Male mate choice as differential investment in contest competition is affected by female ornament expression

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Current Zoology 2018年第3期64卷 335-344页

作者： Stacey L. WEISS matthew DUBIN Department of Biology University of Puget Sound 1500 N. Warner Street No. 1088 Tacoma WA 98418-1088 USA

High male mating effort and high variation in female quality select for male mate choice, which may be expressed as differential investment of reproductive effort based on female value. Male reproductive effort includes investment in direct contest competition with rival males for access to females, yet variation in male-male contest behavior is rarely examined in the context of male mate choice. We examine such male response to variation in female body size, reproductive state, and female-specific ornamentation in the striped plateau lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. We housed lizards in trios of 2 size-matched males and one female for 5 days, such that all 3 lizards were physi- cally isolated and the males could see the female but not each other. We then placed males simultaneously into the female＇s cage and scored the interaction. Male-male aggression was not significantly affected by female body size, reproductive state, nor ornament color, but was influenced by ornament size which reliably signals the phenotypic quality of the female and her off- spring. In the presence of larger-ornamented females, males engaged in more male-male aggressive display behavior more quickly, and performed fewer high-intensity contact behaviors but were equally likely to escalate to this riskier level of fighting. Our data suggest that males adjust their energetic investment during intrasexual competitive interactions in response to variation in the contested female which, assuming males gain direct or indirect benefits from their strategic allocation of reproductive effort, fits the modern understanding of male mate choice.

关键词： aggression female-specific ornaments intrasexual competition lizards resource quality sexual selection

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Transcript profiling of a novel plant meristem,the monocot cambium

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2017年第6期59卷 436-449页

作者： matthew Zinkgraf Suzanne Gerttula Andrew Groover US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research StationDavisCaliforniaUSA Department of Computer Science University of CaliforniaDavisUSA Department of plant Biology University of CaliforniaDavisUSA

While monocots lack the ability to produce a vascular cambium or woody growth, some monocot lineages evolved a novel lateral meristem, the monocot cambium, which supports secondary radial growth of stems. In contrast to the vascular cambium found in woody angiosperm and gymnosperm species, the monocot cambium produces secondary vascular bundles, which have an amphivasal organization of tracheids encircling a central strand of phloem. Currently there is no information concerning the molecular genetic basis of the develop- ment or evolution of the monocot cambium. Here we report high-quality transcriptomes for monocot cambium and early derivative tissues in two monocot genera, Yucca and Cordyline. Monocot cambium transcript profiles were compared to those of vascular cambia and secondary xylem tissues of two forest tree species, populus trichocarpa and Eucalyptus grandis. Monocot cambium transcript levels showed that there are extensive overlaps between the regulation of monocot cambia and vascular cambia. Candidate regulatory genes that vary between the monocot and vascular cambia were also identified, and included members of the KANADI and CLE families involved in polarity and cell-cell signaling, respectively. We suggest that the monocot cambium may have evolved in part through reactivation of genetic mechanisms involved in vascular cambium regulation.

关键词： Chun-Ming Liu, Institute of Crop Science, CAAS, ChinaReceived Feb. 18, 2017 Accepted Mar. 15, 2017 Online on Mar. 17,2017

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Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease:What is the real magnitude of the risk?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3839-3848页

作者： Jessica K Dyson matthew D Rutter Gastroenterology North Tyneside General HospitalRake LaneNorth ShieldsTyne and Wear NE29 8NHUnited Kingdom University Hospital of North Tees Hardwick RoadStockton TS19 8PEUnited Kingdom

The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and colorectal cancer(CRC) has been recognised since 1925 and still accounts for 10%-15% of deaths in ***-associated CRC(IBD-CRC) affects patients at a younger age than sporadic *** prognosis for sporadic CRC and IBD-CRC is similar,with a 5-year survival of approximately 50%.Identifying at risk patients and implementing appropriate surveillance for these patients is central to managing the CRC risk in *** increased risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD is thought to be due to genetic and acquired *** link between inflammation and cancer is well recognised but the molecular biology,immune pathobiology and genetics of IBD-CRC are areas of much ongoing *** review examines the literature relating to IBD-CRC,focusing on the incidence of IBD-CRC and examining potential risk factors including age at diagnosis,gender,duration and extent of colitis,severity of inflammation,family history of sporadic CRC and co-existent primary sclerosing cholangitis(pSC).Confirmed risk factors for IBD-CRC are duration,severity and extent of colitis,the presence of co-existent pSC and a family history of *** is insufficient evidence currently to support an increased frequency of surveillance for patients diagnosed with IBD at a younger ***-based guidelines advise surveillance colonoscopy for patients with colitis 8 to 10 years after diagnosis,with the interval for further surveillance guided by risk factors(extent of disease,family history of CRC,post-inflammatory polyps,concomitant pSC,personal history of colonic dysplasia,colonic strictures).There is a move away from using random colonic biopsies towards targeted biopsies aimed at abnormal areas identified by newer colonoscopic techniques(narrow band imaging,chromoendoscopy,confocal microendoscopy).

关键词： Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Risk

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