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Knowledge of radiation exposure associated with common trauma imaging modalities among orthopaedic surgeons,emergency medicine physicians,and general surgeons in the United States

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第4期14卷 294-301页

作者： Fady Y.Hijji Andrew d.Schneider matthew d.thomas Joseph G.Lyons daniel d.Bohl Jennifer L.Jerele Michael J.Prayson department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDayton OH 45409USA department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicago IL 60612USA

BACKGROUNd:Few contemporary studies have assessed physicians’knowledge of radiation exposure associated with common imaging studies,especially in trauma *** purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of physicians involved in caring for trauma patients regarding the effective radiation doses of musculoskeletal(MSK)imaging studies routinely utilized in the trauma ***:An electronic survey was distributed to United States orthopaedic surgery,general surgery,and emergency medicine(EM)residency *** were asked to estimate the radiation dose for common imaging modalities of the pelvis,lumbar spine,and lower extremity,in terms of chest X-ray(CXR)*** estimates were compared to the true effective radiation ***,participants were asked to report the frequency of discussing radiation risk with ***:A total of 218 physicians completed the survey;102(46.8%)were EM physicians,88(40.4%)wereorthopaedicsurgeons,and28(12.8%)*** underestimated the effective radiation doses of nearly all imaging modalities,most notably for pelvic computed tomaography(CT)(median 50 CXR estimation vs.162 CXR actual)and lumbar CT(median 50 CXR estimation vs.638 CXR actual).There was no difference between physician specialties regarding estimation accuracy(P=0.133).Physicians who regularly discussed radiation risks with patients more accurately estimated radiation exposure(P=0.007).CONCLUSION:The knowledge among orthopaedic and general surgeons and EM physicians regarding the radiation exposure associated with common MSK trauma imaging is *** investigation with larger scale studies is warranted,and additional education in this area may improve care.

关键词： Radiation dosage Radiation exposure Radiation protection X-ray Emergency department

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designing a medical ethics curriculum in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 4-9页

作者： matthew d.Gearinger Flaum Eye Institute University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Ethical principles form a bedrock to medical practice in any specialty,guiding physicians to appropriate attitudes and behaviors.A formal ethics curriculum can be difficult to generate de novo in an ophthalmology training program.A number of barriers exist in most ophthalmology departments:trainees may think ethics is of secondary importance compared to core basic and clinical science topics;most ophthalmology faculty have no formal degree in medical ethics;there is limited didactic time with competing academic,clinical,and surgical priorities;work-hours regulations may limit the time available to deliver“para-professional”lectures;and there is a belief that the medical ethics lectures during medical school is a sufficient amount of coursework to last through a physician’s career with no need for continuing professional *** four pillars of medical ethics are beneficence,non-maleficence,autonomy,and *** addition,morals,ethics,and professionalism are important aspects of sound medical practice.A curriculum specific to medical ethics in ophthalmology can be developed in any of our sub-specialties and include lectures,curated readings,case rounds,and clinic wrap-up *** considerations are part of everyday clinical practice,and a structured ethics curriculum can be incorporated into ophthalmology training *** concept of backward design can be used to structure the curriculum,starting with the expected outcome,then designing authentic assessments,and finally putting together a learning plan that has students actively involved in ethical *** paper will provide a guide to developing an ethics curriculum for an ophthalmology training program utilizing the concept of backwards design and guide the reader through the process of developing expected learning outcomes,authentic assessments,and a unified learning plan.

关键词： Medical ethics curriculum design medical education

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Chemical-assisted MMP reduction on methane-oil systems:Implications for natural gas injection to enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 101-108页

作者： Mohamed Almobarak matthew B.Myers Colin d.Wood Yongbing Liu Ali Saeedi Quan Xie discipline of Petroleum Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Kensington6151Australia Curtin University Oil and Gas Innovation Centre Management Kensington6151Australia State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation No.8 Xindu AvenueXindu DistrictChengdu 610500PR China

***,the main challenge in this process is the high minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)between natural gas and crude oil,which limits its application and recovery factor,especially in hightemperature ***,we present a novel investigation to quantify the effect of chemicalassisted MMP reduction on the oil recovery ***,we measured the interfacial tension(IFT)of the methane-oil system in the presence of chemical or CO_(2) to calculate the MMP reduction at a constant temperature(373K)using the vanishing interfacial tension(VIT)***,we performed three coreflooding experiments to quantify the effect of MMP reduction on the oil recovery factor under different injection *** interfacial tension measurements show that adding a small fraction(1.5 wt%)of the tested surfactant(SOLOTERRA ME-6)achieved 9%of MMP reduction,while adding 20 wt%of CO_(2) to the methane yields 13%of MMP ***,the coreflooding results highlight the significance of achieving miscibility during gas injection,as the ultimate recovery factor increased from 65.5%under immiscible conditions to 77.2%using chemical-assisted methane,and to 79%using gas mixture after achieving near miscible *** results demonstrate the promising potential of the MMP reduction to signifi-cantly increase the oil recovery factor during gas ***,these results will likely expand the application envelop of the miscible gas injection,in addition to the environmental benefits of utilizing the produced gas by re-injection/recycling instead of flaring which contributes to reducing the greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Gas injection Enhanced oil recovery Miscibility Coreflooding

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Evaluation of a software positioning tool to support SMEs in adoption of big data analytics

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 13-24页

作者： matthew Willetts Anthony S.Atkins Faculty of digital TechnologyInnovationand BusinessStaffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentST42DEUnited Kingdom

Big data analytics has been widely adopted by large companies to achieve measurable benefits including increased profitability,customer demand forecasting,cheaper development of products,and improved stock *** and medium sized enterprises(SMEs)are the backbone of the global economy,comprising of 90%of businesses ***,only 10%SMEs have adopted big data analytics despite the competitive advantage they could *** research has analysed the barriers to adoption and a strategic framework has been developed to help SMEs adopt big data *** framework was converted into a scoring tool which has been applied to multiple case studies of SMEs in the *** paper documents the process of evaluating the framework based on the structured feedback from a focus group composed of experienced *** results of the evaluation are presented with a discussion on the results,and the paper concludes with recommendations to improve the scoring tool based on the proposed *** research demonstrates that this positioning tool is beneficial for SMEs to achieve competitive advantages by increasing the application of business intelligence and big data analytics.

关键词： Big data analytics Evaluation Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) Strategic framework

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Refining safety considerations for intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise. Commentary on “Concerns on the application of blood-flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 455-456页

作者： matthew J.Clarkson Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia

I read with great interest the article“Concerns on the application of blood flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”by Correa et al.1 The study presents complementary data from a previous randomized controlled trial,2 exploring the application of intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise for hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients hemodialysis

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description of a novel robotic early post-prostatectomy anastomotic repair technique and institutional outcomes

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 366-372页

作者： david Strauss Eric Cho matthew Loecher matthew Lee daniel Eun department of Urology Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Objective:A vesicourethral anastomotic leak(VUAL)is a known complication following robotic-assisted radical *** natural history of a VUAL has been well described and is frequently managed with prolonged *** increasing emphasis on patient reported outcomes,catheter duration and VUAL are associated with significant short-term quality of life *** aimed to present a case series of our robotic early post-prostatectomy anastomotic repair technique,defined as revision within 6 weeks from index ***:A single institution prospective database identified eleven patients with a VUAL from July 2016 to October 2022 who underwent robotic early post-prostatectomy anastomotic repair by a single *** were diagnosed with a VUAL on pre-operative CT urogram or CT/fluoroscopic *** primary outcome was resolution of the anastomotic leak,defined as no contrast extravasation on post-operative *** outcomes included post-repair catheter duration and continence on the last follow-up defined as pad(s)per ***:The mean time to intervention after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy was 21 *** of the eleven(72.7%)patients had no evidence of extravasation on postrepair *** range from intervention to first cystogram was 7e20 *** median catheter duration for those with successful intervention was 10 *** median catheter duration for those with the leak on initial post-operative cystogram was 20 *** a mean follow-up time of 25 months,eight(72.7%)patients reported using no pads per day,and three(27.3%)patients reported one pad per ***:Management of a VUAL has traditionally relied on prolonged catheter drainage and the tincture of *** the role of robotic reconstruction has been shown to be a viable modality for management of bladder neck contracture,it is important to reconsider prior dogmas of urologic *** case series suggests that an early repair is saf

关键词： Minimallyinvasive surgery Vesicourethral anastomotic leak Robotic-assisted laparoscopic reconstruction

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： matthew L.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota department of Natural Resources State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P differences between agriculture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Insights into carbon dioxide sequestration into coal seams through coupled gas flow-adsorption-deformation modelling

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 26-40页

作者： Hywel thomas Min Chen Geoenvironmental Research Centre Cardiff School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityQueen’s BuildingsThe ParadeNewport RoadCardiffCF243AAUK Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China

Injecting carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into coal seams may unlock substantial carbon sequestration *** the coal acts like a carbon filter,it can preferentially absorb significant amounts of CO_(2).To explore this further,desorption of the adsorbed gas due to pressure drop is investigated in this paper,to achieve an improved understanding of the long-term fate of injected CO_(2) during post-injection *** paper presents a dual porosity model coupling gas flow,adsorption and geomechanics for studying coupled processes and effectiveness of CO_(2) sequestration in coals.A new adsorption?desorption model derived based on thermodynamics is incorporated,particularly,the desorption hysteresis is *** reliability of the proposed adsorption-desorption isotherm is examined via validation *** is indicated that occurrence of desorption hysteresis is attributed to the adsorption-induced pore *** injection ceases,the injected gas continues to propagate further from the injection well,while the pressure in the vicinity of the injection well experiences a significant *** the adsorbed gas near the well also decreases,this decrease is less compared to that in pressure because of desorption *** unceasing spread of CO_(2) and drops of pressure and adsorbed gas depend on the degree of desorption hysteresis and heterogeneity of coals,which should be considered when designing CO_(2) sequestration into coal seams.

关键词： CO_(2)geological storage Coal seam Adsorption desorption hysteresis

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF dUPIN HYPERSURFACES IN LIE SPHERE GEOMETRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： thomas E.CECIL department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Schwann cell migration and re-myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1575-1583页

作者： Rong Hu Xinpeng dun Lolita Singh matthew C.Banton School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Faculty of Health University of PlymouthPlymouthUK

Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and function;however,the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unclea ***,we analyzed Runx2expression following injury and found that it was specifically up-regulated in Schwann ***,using Schwann cell-specific Runx2 knocko ut mice,we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration process following sciatic nerve injury were *** observed in Runx2 knoc kout mice include increased prolife ration of Schwann cells,impaired Schwann cell migration and axonal regrowth,reduced re-myelination of axo ns,and a block in macrophage clearance in the late stage of *** together,our findings indicate that Runx2 is a key regulator of Schwann cell plasticity,and therefore peripheral nerve ***,our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Schwann cell migration,re-myelination,and peripheral nerve functional recovery following injury.

关键词： macrophage clearance migration peripheral nerve injury regeneration re-myelination Runx2 Schwann cells

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