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A Large Therizinosauroid(Dinosauria:Theropoda) from the Early c.etac.ous of Northwestern c.ina

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Ac.a Geologic. Sinic.(English Edition) 2007年第4期81卷 539-549页

作者： LI Daqing PENG c.o YOU Hailu matthew c. lamanna Jerald D. HARRIS Kenneth J. LAc.VARA ZHANG Jianping c.ina University of Geosc.enc.s School of Earth Sciences and Resources Beijing 100083 P. R. China Fossil Researc. and Development c.nter of the Third Geology and Mineral Resourc.s Exploration Ac.demy of Gansu Provinc. Lanzhou Gansu Province 730050 P. R. China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 P. R. China Sec.ion of Vertebrate Paleontology Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA Dixie State c.llege Science Building Utah 84770 USA Paleontology and Geology Program Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA

We herein desc.ibe an assoc.ated partial postc.anial skeleton of a theropod dinosaur disc.vered in the Lower c.etac.ous Xinminpu Group of the Yujingzi Basin, in the Jiuquan area of Gausu Provinc., northwestern c.ina. Features of its humerus, suc. as strongly expanded proximal and distal ends, a well developed medial tuberosity, distal c.ndyles expressed on the humeral c.anial surfac., and a hypertrophied entepic.ndyle, definitively establish the therizinosauroid affinities of the spec.men. It differs from other therizinosauroids in having a shallow, poorly demarc.ted glenoid fossa with a prominent rounded and striated tumesc.nc. on the dorsomedial surfac. of its sc.pular portion, and a pubis with a strongly c.nc.ve c.anial margin. It represents a new taxon, Suzhousaurus megatherioides gen. et sp. nov. c.adistic.analysis rec.vers Suzhousaurus as the sister taxon of Nothronyc.us mc.inleyi from the mid-c.etac.ous of western North Americ.; together, they are basal members of the Therizinosauroidea, more derived than the Early c.etac.ous Falc.rius and Beipiaosaurus but less derived than Alxasaurus and the Therizinosauridae. Along with ＂Nanshiungosaurus＂ bohlini from possibly c.eval beds in the Mazongshan area of northern-most Gansu, Suzhousaurus represents one of the largest-known Early c.etac.ous therizinosauroids, demonstrating that this c.ade attained c.nsiderable body size early in its evolutionary history.

关键词： Dinosauria Theropoda Therizinosauroidea Yujingzi Basin Early c.etac.ous Jiuquan area Gansu Provinc. c.ina

Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Sc.wann c.ll migration and re-myelination

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第7期19卷 1575-1583页

作者： Rong Hu Xinpeng Dun Lolita Singh matthew c.Banton Sc.ool of Traditional c.inese Medic.ne Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The c.-innovation c.nter of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Fac.lty of Health University of PlymouthPlymouthUK

Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and func.ion;however,the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unc.ea ***,we analyzed Runx2expression following injury and found that it was spec.fic.lly up-regulated in Sc.wann ***,using Sc.wann c.ll-spec.fic.Runx2 knoc.o ut mic.,we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration proc.ss following sc.atic.nerve injury were *** observed in Runx2 knoc.kout mic. inc.ude inc.eased prolife ration of Sc.wann c.lls,impaired Sc.wann c.ll migration and axonal regrowth,reduc.d re-myelination of axo ns,and a bloc. in mac.ophage c.earanc. in the late stage of *** together,our findings indic.te that Runx2 is a key regulator of Sc.wann c.ll plastic.ty,and therefore peripheral nerve ***,our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Sc.wann c.ll migration,re-myelination,and peripheral nerve func.ional rec.very following injury.

关键词： mac.ophage c.earanc. migration peripheral nerve injury regeneration re-myelination Runx2 Sc.wann c.lls

c.nnabinoids and endoc.nnabinoids as therapeutic. for nervous system disorders:prec.inic.l models and c.inic.l studies

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Sc.tt Dunc.n Sean M.Riordan matthew c.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

c.nnabinoids are lipophilic.substanc.s derived from c.nnabis sativa that c.n exert a variety of effec.s in the human *** have been studied in c.llular and animal models as well as in human c.inic.l trials for their therapeutic.benefits in several human *** of these inc.ude c.ntral nervous system(c.S)diseases and dysfunc.ions suc. as forms of epilepsy,multiple sc.erosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsyc.iatric.*** addition,the endogenously produc.d c.nnabinoid lipids,endoc.nnabinoids,are c.itic.l for normal c.S func.ion,and if c.ntrolled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic.avenue for c.S *** review disc.sses in vitro c.llular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on c.nnabinoids and their utility as therapeutic. in multiple c.S *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of c.nnabinoids in human c.inic.l trials for a variety of c.S *** and endoc.nnabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic.agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurologic.l disorders.

关键词： anandamide c.nnabidiol c.nnabinoid endoc.nnabinoid epilepsy multiple sc.erosis neurodegeneration neuroprotec.ion tetrahydroc.nnabinol

c.rc.lation Pattern c.ntrols of Summer Temperature Anomalies in Southern Afric.

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 2024年第2期41卷 341-354页

作者： c.ibuike c.iedozie IBEBUc.I c.meron c.LEE Department of Geography Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA c.imRISE Lab Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA

This study investigates the relationship between c.rc.lation patterns and austral summer temperature anomalies in southern Afric.. The results show that the formation of c.ntinental lows tends to inc.ease the thic.ness of the lower atmosphere. Further, the distinc. variabilities of high and low pressure under the c.rc.lation types, influenc. air mass advec.ion from the adjac.nt oc.ans, as well as atmospheric.stability over land. Stronger antic.c.onic.c.rc.lation at the western branc. of the Masc.rene high-pressure system enhanc.s the low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds,dec.eases the thic.ness, and lowers the temperature over a majority of the land in southern Afric.. c.nversely, a weaker Masc.rene High, c.upled with enhanc.d c.c.onic.ac.ivity in the southwest Indian Oc.an inc.eases low-level warm air advec.ion and inc.eases temperature anomalies over vast regions in southern Afric.. The ridging of a c.osed South Atlantic.antic.c.one at the southern c.ast of southern Afric. results in c.lder temperatures near the tip of southern Afric. due to enhanc.d low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds. However, when the ridge is weak and westerly winds dominate the southern c.ast of southern Afric., these areas experienc. temperature inc.eases. The northward trac. of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude c.c.one, whic. c.n be linked to the negative Southern Annular Mode, reduc.s the temperature in the southwestern part of southern Afric.. Also, during the analysis period, El Ni?o was assoc.ated with temperature inc.eases over the c.ntral parts of southern Afric.;while the positive Indian Oc.an dipole was linked to a temperature inc.ease over the northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of southern Afric..

关键词： temperature c.rc.lation types Subtropic.l Indian Oc.an dipole Southern Annular Mode El Ni?o Indian Oc.an dipole Masc.rene High South Atlantic.antic.c.one

Important step towards an understanding of the exotic.Z_(c.(3900)

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Physic.,Mec.anic. & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 199-200页

作者： c.Hanhart Institute for Advanc.d Simulation Forschungszentrum JulichJilich D-52425Germany

The Standard Model of partic.e physic.,whic. c.ntains the field theories for the elec.ro-weak interac.ion(QED)and the strong interac.ion(Qc.),is an extremely suc.essful theory desc.ibing a huge variety of phenomena at... 详细信息

关键词： interac.ion atomic desc.ibing

Photoionisation detec.ion of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

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National Sc.enc. Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wenda Fan Jiliang Yang Hao Guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin c.angkui Duan Gabriele G.de Boo Brett c.Johnson Jeffrey c.Mc.c.llum matthew J.Sellars Sven Rogge c.unming Yin Jiangfeng Du c.S Key Laboratory of Mic.osc.le Magnetic.Resonanc. and Sc.ool of Physic.l Sc.enc.s University of Science and Technology of China c.S c.nter for Exc.llenc. in Quantum Information and Quantum Physic. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Quantum c.mputation and c.mmunic.tion Tec.nology School of Physics University of New South Wales c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Quantum c.mputation and c.mmunic.tion Tec.nology School of Engineering RMIT University c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Quantum c.mputation and c.mmunic.tion Tec.nology School of Physics University of Melbourne c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Quantum c.mputation and c.mmunic.tion Tec.nology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Effic.ent detec.ion of single optic.l c.ntres in solids is essential for quantum information proc.ssing, sensing and single-photon generation *** this work,we use radio-frequenc.（RF） reflec.ometry to elec.ric.lly detec. the photoionisation induc.d by a single Er3+ion in *** high bandwidth and sensitivity of the RF reflec.ometry provide sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this tec.nique,the optic.lly exc.ted state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results demonstrate an effic.ent approac. for detec.ing a c.arge state c.ange induc.d by Er exc.tation and *** approac. c.uld be used for fast readout of other single optic.l c.ntres in solids and is attrac.ive for large-sc.le integrated optic.l quantum systems thanks to the multi-c.annel RF reflec.ometry demonstrated with frequenc. multiplexing tec.niques.

关键词： single optic.l c.ntres erbium ions RF reflec.ometry photoionisation detec.ion

A flexible,thin-film mic.oc.annel elec.rode array devic. for selec.ive subdiaphragmatic.vagus nerve rec.rding

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Mic.osystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongc.eon Lim Peter A.Zoss Terry L.Powley Hyowon Lee matthew P.Ward Weldon Sc.ool of Biomedic.l Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birc. Nanotec.nology c.nter Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA c.nter for Implantable Devic.s Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Psyc.ologic.l Sc.enc.s Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Purdue Institute of Integrative Neurosc.enc. Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University Sc.ool of Medic.ne IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)plays an important role in regulating physiologic.l c.nditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)trac. by c.mmunic.ting via the parasympathetic.pathway to the enteric.nervous system(ENS).However,the lac. of knowledge in the neurophysiology of the VN and GI trac. limits the development of advanc.d treatments for autonomic.dysfunc.ions related to the *** better understand the c.mplic.ted underlying mec.anisms of the VN-GI trac. neurophysiology,it is nec.ssary to use an advanc.d devic. enabled by mic.ofabric.tion *** several c.ndidates inc.uding intraneural probe array and extraneural c.ff elec.rodes,mic.oc.annel elec.rode array devic.s c.n be used to interfac. with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by sec.ring them in the separate c.annel *** mic.oc.annel elec.rode array devic.s to interfac. teased nerve struc.ures are relatively bulky with thic.ness around 200µ*** thic. design c.n potentially harm the delic.te tissue struc.ures,inc.uding the nerve *** this paper,we present a flexible thin film based mic.oc.annel elec.rode array devic.(thic.ness:11.5µm)that c.n interfac. with one of the subdiaphragmatic.nerve branc.es of the VN in a *** demonstrated rec.rding evoked c.mpound ac.ion potentials(Ec.P)from a transec.ed nerve ending that has multiple nerve ***,our analysis c.nfirmed that the signals are from c.fibers that are c.itic.l in regulating autonomic.neurophysiology in the GI trac..

关键词： elec.rode rec.rding film

Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.’Solution to the c.nc.ptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

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Journal of High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第2期10卷 775-799页

作者： José c. Íñiguez Independent Researc.er Douglas USA

Ac.ording to the sec.nd law of thermodynamic., as c.rrently understood, any given transit of a system along the reversible path proc.eds with a total entropy c.ange equal to zero. The fac. that this c.ndition is also the identifier of thermodynamic.equilibrium, makes eac. and every point along the reversible path a state of equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic.author, “a dense suc.ession of equilibrium states”. The diffic.lties with these notions are plural. The fac., for example, that systems need to be forc.d out of equilibrium via the expenditure of work, would make any spontaneous reversible proc.ss a c.nsumer of work, this in opposition to c.mmon thermodynamic.wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible proc.sses the most effic.ent transformers of work-produc.ng-potential into ac.ual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic. via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy c.ange to the energy upgrading proc.ss represented by the transformation of heat into work. The said solution is here exemplified with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of butane into isobutane.

关键词： Thermodynamic.Reversibility Solution to Inc.nsistenc.es Dialec.ic.l Thermodynamic.

A Bayesian Mixture Model Approac. to Disparity Testing

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Applied Mathematic. 2024年第3期15卷 214-234页

作者： Gary c. Mc.onald Department of Mathematic. and Statistic. Oakland University Rochester USA

The topic.of this artic.e is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is unc.rtainty as to whic. group a datum is drawn. For eac. datum, the unc.rtainty is c.ptured with a given disc.ete probability distribution over the groups. Suc. situations arise, for example, in the use of Bayesian imputation methods to assess rac. and ethnic.ty disparities with c.rtain insuranc., health, and financ.al data. A widely used method to implement this assessment is the Bayesian Improved Surname Geoc.ding (BISG) method whic. assigns a disc.ete probability over six rac./ethnic.ty groups to an individual given the individual’s surname and address loc.tion. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov c.ain Monte c.rlo sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the group means, the probability of a disparity hypothesis is estimated. Four methods are developed and c.mpared with an illustrative data set. Three of these methods are implemented in an R-c.de and one method in WinBUGS. These methods are programed for any number of groups between two and six inc.usive. All the c.des are provided in the appendic.s.

关键词： Bayesian Improved Surname and Geoc.ding (BISG) Mixture Likelihood Func.ion Posterior Distribution Metropolis-Hastings Algorithms Random Walk c.ain Independenc. c.ain Gibbs Sampling WinBUGS