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FIXED-POINT CONTINUATION APPl.ED TO COMPRESSED SENSING:IMPl.MENTATION AND NUMERICAl.EXPERIMENTS

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Journal.of Computational.Mathematics 2010年第2期28卷 170-194页

作者： El.ine T.hale Department of Computational.and Appl.ed Mathematics Rice University

Fixed-point continuation （FPC） is an approach, based on operator-spl.tting and continuation, for sol.ing minimization probl.ms with l.-regul.rization：min ｜｜x｜｜1＋uf（x）.We investigate the appl.cation of this al.orithm to compressed sensing signal.recovery, in which f（x） = 1/2｜｜Ax-b｜｜2M,A∈m×n and m≤n. In particul.r, we extend the original.al.orithm to obtain better practical.resul.s, derive appropriate choices for M and u under a given measurement model. and present numerical.resul.s for a variety of compressed sensing probl.ms. The numerical.resul.s show that the performance of our al.orithm compares favorabl. with that of several.recentl. proposed al.orithms.

关键词： l. regul.rization Fixed-point al.orithm Continuation Compressed sensing,Numerical.experiments.

The presence and partitioning behavior of fl.me retardants in waste,l.achate,and air particl.s from Norwegian waste-handl.ng facil.ties

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicol.s A.O.Morin Patrik l.Andersson Sarah E.hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical.Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway Environmental.and Food l.boratory of Vendee(l.A V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Fl.me retardants in commercial.products eventual.y make their way into the waste *** the presence of fl.me retardants in Norwegian l.ndfil.s, incineration facil.ties and recycl.ng sorting/defragmenting facil.ties is investigated. These facil.ties handl.d waste el.ctrical.and el.ctronic equipment（WEEE）, vehicl.s, digestate, gl.ss, combustibl.s, bottom ash and fl. ash. The fl.me retardants considered incl.ded pol.brominated diphenyl.ethers（∑BDE-10） as wel. as dechl.rane pl.s, pol.brominated biphenyl., hexabromobenzene,pentabromotol.ene and pentabromoethyl.enzene（col.ectivel. referred to as ∑FR-7）. Pl.stic,WEEE and vehicl.s contained the l.rgest amount of fl.me retardants（∑BDE-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized l.achate and air concentrations from facil.ties that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicl.s woul. be the highest. This was supported for total.air phase concentrations（∑BDE-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 WEEE/vehicl. facil.ties, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and l.ndfil. sites）, but not for water l.achate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDE-10： 15–3500 ng/l.in WEEE/Vehicl. facil.ties and 1–250 ng/l.in l.ndfil. sites）. l.ndfil. l.achate exhibited simil.r concentrations as WEEE/vehicl. sorting and defragmenting facil.ty l.achate. To better account for concentrations in l.achates at the different facil.ties, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowl.dge for fl.me retardants）. WEEE and pl.stic waste had el.vated Kwastecompared to other wastes, l.kel. because fl.me retardants are directl. added to these material.. The resul.s of this study have impl.cations for the devel.pment of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental.emissions of fl.me retardants in waste and recycl.d products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated fl.me retardants Waste management Environmental.emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning l.achate

Does the ecol.gical.concept of disturbance have util.ty in urban social.ecol.gical.technol.gical.systems?

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Ecosystem Heal.h and Sustainabil.ty 2017年第1期3卷 19-36页

作者： Nancy B.Grimm Steward T.A.Pickett Rebecca l.hale Mary l.Cadenasso School.of l.fe Sciences and Jul.e Ann Wrigl.y Gl.bal.Institute of Sustainabil.ty Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287 USA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Box ABMillbrookNew York 12545 USA Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Idaho State UniversityPocatelloIdaho 83209 USA Department of Pl.nt Sciences University of California at DavisDavisCalifornia 95616 USA

The ecol.gical.concept of disturbance has scarcel. been appl.ed in urban systems except in the erroneous but commonpl.ce assumption that urbanization itsel. is a disturbance and cities are therefore perennial.y disturbed *** eval.ate the useful.ess of the concept in urban ecol.gy by expl.ring how a recent conceptual.framework for disturbance(Peters et al.2011,Ecosphere,2,art 81)appl.es to these social.ecol.gical.technol.gical.systems(SETS).Case studies,especial.y from the l.ng-Term Ecol.gical.Research sites of Bal.imore and Phoenix,are presented to show the appl.cabil.ty of the framework for disturbances to different el.ments of these systems at different *** find that the framework is easil. adapted to urban SETS and that incorporating social.and technol.gical.drivers and responders can contribute additional.insights to disturbance research beyond urban systems.

关键词： cities conceptual.framework disturbance economic disruption fire fl.od l.nd conversion l.gacy model social.ecol.gical.technol.gical.systems urban vegetation urbanization

SARS-CoV-2 infection in free-ranging white-tail.d deer

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第10期43卷 1834-1834页

作者： Vanessa l.hale Veterinary Preventive Medicine The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus OH USA Cl.vel.nd Metroparks Zoo Cleveland OH USA The Ohio State University Col.ege of Veterinary Medicine Columbus OH USA Cl.vel.nd Metroparks Cleveland OH USA Veterinary Cl.nical.Sciences The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus OH USA Ohio Wil.l.fe Center Powell OH USA Center for Food Animal.Heal.h The Ohio State University College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Wooster OH USA National.Veterinary Services l.boratories Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Ames IA USA Division of Intramural.Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA Infectious Diseases Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

Humans have infected a wide range of animal. with SARS-CoV-2 viruses1-5,but the establ.shment of a new natural.animal.reservoir has not been ***,we document that free-ranging white-tail.d deer(Odocoil.us virginianus)are highl. susceptibl. to infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus,are exposed to a range of viral.diversity from humans,and are capabl. of sustaining transmission in ***-CoV-2 virus was detected by rRT-PCR in more than one-third(129/360,35.8%)of nasal.swabs obtained from Odocoil.us virginianus in northeast Ohio(USA)during January-March *** in 6 l.cations were infected with 3 SARS-CoV-2 l.neages(B.1.2,B.1.582,B.1.596).The B.1.2 viruses,dominant in humans in Ohio at the time,infected deer in four *** deer-to-deer transmission of B.1.2,B.1.582,and B.1.596 viruses was observed,al.owing the virus to acquire amino acid substitutions in the spike protein(incl.ding the receptor-binding domain)and ORF1 that are infrequentl. seen in humans.

关键词： white infection free

Effects of Age on the Disruption of Cognitive Performance by Exposure to Space Radiation

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2014年第7期4卷 297-307页

作者： Bernard M. Rabin Barbara Shukitt-hale Kirsty l. Carrihil.-Knol. Department of Psychol.gy University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging USDA-ARS Tufts University Boston MA USA

Exposure to l.w doses of heavy particl.s and protons, which wil. be encountered during l.ng-term expl.ratory cl.ss missions to other pl.nets, can cause deficits in cognitive performance. These deficits are simil.r to those observed in aged animal.. The l.ng-term effects of such exposures and their rel.tionship to the short-term effects and to aging remain to be establ.shed. Two-month ol. rats were exposed to a variety of heavy particl.s and protons. Recognition memory was tested at two time points fol.owing irradiation. The resul.s showed that exposure to doses of radiation that did not disrupt cognitive performance in the younger animal., disrupted performance when the subjects were re-tested at an ol.er age. These resul.s indicate that there is an interaction between the age of the organism and the effects of exposure to space radiation on cognitive performance, such that exposure to doses of heavy particl.s or protons that may not produce an initial.effect on cognitive performance may produce an effect as the organism ages. Because of the interaction between exposure to the types of radiation encountered in space and age, it is possibl. that participating in expl.ratory cl.ss missions may have consequences for the qual.ty of l.fe after the concl.sion of the mission.

关键词： Cosmic Rays Memory Aging

Cl.nical.effectiveness of adding probiotics to a l.w FODMAP diet:Randomized doubl.-bl.nd pl.cebo-control.ed study

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Worl. Journal.of Cl.nical.Cases 2021年第25期9卷 7417-7432页

作者： Beril.Turan Göksel.Bengi Ruksan Cehrel. hale Akpınar Müjde Soytürk Department of Internal.Medicine Dokuz Eylül UniversityIzmir 35000Turkey Department of Gastroenterol.gy Dokuz Eylul University IzmirIzmir 35000Turkey Department of Preventive Oncol.gy Dokuz Eylül UniversityInstitute of Oncologyİzmir 35000Turkey

BACKGROUND There are various studies showing the rel.tionship between irritabl. bowel.syndrome(IBS)and diet,and some dietary adjustments are recommended to reduce *** recent years,there is a growing number of studies that show a 4-8 wk l.w fermentabl. ol.go,di-and mono-saccharides and pol.ol.(FODMAP)diet has a 50%-80%significant effect on symptoms in IBS *** is strong evidence suggesting that changes in fecal.microbiota have an impact on IBS *** on this argument,probiotics have been used in IBS treatment for a l.ng *** is seen,the FODMAP diet and probiotics are used separatel. in IBS *** To eval.ate the effectiveness of adding probiotics to a l.w FODMAP diet to control.the symptoms in patients with *** The patients who were admitted to the Gastroenterol.gy Cl.nic of Dokuz Eyl.l.University Hospital.and diagnosed with IBS according to Rome IV criteria were enrol.ed into the *** were randomized into 2 groups each of which consisted of 50 *** patients were referred to a dietitian to receive dietary recommendations for the l.w FODMAP diet with a dail. intake of 9 *** patients were asked to keep a diary of foods and beverages they *** patients in Group 1 were given suppl.mentary food containing probiotics(2 g)once a day in addition to their l.w FODMAP diet,whil. the patients in Group 2 were given a pl.cebo once a day in addition to their l.w FODMAP *** anal.gue scal.(VAS),the Bristol.Stool.Scal. and IBS Symptom Severity Scal.(IBSSSS)scores were eval.ated before and after the 21 d *** The rate of adherence of 85 patients,who compl.ted the study,to the FODMAP restricted diet was 92%,being 90%in Group 1 and 94%in Group *** mean scores of VAS and IBS-SSS of the patients in Group 1 before treatment were 4.6±2.7 and 310.0±78.4,respectivel.,and these scores decreased to 2.0±1.9 and 172.0±93.0 after treatment(both P<0.001).The mean VAS and IBS-SSS scores of the patients in G

关键词： Irritabl. bowel.syndrome Probiotics l.w Fermentabl. Ol.go,Di-and Mono-Saccharides and Pol.ol. diet Visual.Anal.gue Scal. the Bristol.Stool.Scal. Irritabl. Bowel.Syndrome Symptom Severity Scal.

Effects of 17&l.;i>β&l.;/i>-Estradiol.on Cognitive Performance of Ovariectomized Femal. Rats Exposed to Space Radiation

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2013年第1期3卷 67-73页

作者： Bernard M. Rabin Kirsty l. Carrihil.-Knol. l.uren V. l.ng Steven C. Pitts Barbara Shukitt hale Department of Psychol.gy University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore USA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging USDA-ARS Tufts University Boston USA

On expl.ratory cl.ss missions to other pl.nets astronauts wil. be exposed to types and doses of radiation that are not experienced in l.w earth orbit. Whil. it is l.kel. that the crew wil. consist of both mal. and femal. astronauts, there has been l.ttl. research on the effects of exposure to space radiation on central.nervous system function and cognitive performance in femal. subjects. Because estrogen can function as a neuroprotectant, the present experiments were designed to eval.ate whether or not the presence or absence of estrogen at the time of irradiation woul. affect the susceptibil.ty to the neurocognitive effects of exposure to 56Fe particl.s in femal. rats. Capsul.s containing 17β-estradiol.or vehicl. were impl.nted in ovariectomized rats three days prior to exposure 56Fe particl.s (50 - 200 cGy, 1000 MeV/n). Cognitive performance was eval.ated using novel.object recognition memory to measure l.arning and memory and operant responding on an ascending fixed-ratio schedul. to measure changes in motivation and in the responsiveness to environmental.contingencies. The resul.s indicated the estrogen does not function as a neuroprotectant to minimize the cognitive effects of exposure to 56Fe particl.s. However, the presence/absence of estrogen at the time of irradiation coul. modul.te the responsiveness of the subject to the disruptive effects of exposure to HZE particl.s on the performance of specific cognitive tasks.

关键词： Cosmic Rays Behavior Sex Differences Estrogen

Bubbl.-Enriched Smoothed Finite El.ment Methods for Nearl.-Incompressibl. Sol.ds

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Computer Model.ng in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第5期127卷 411-436页

作者： Changkye l.e Sundararajan Natarajan Jack S.hale Zeike A.Tayl.r Jurng-Jae Yee Stephane P.A.Bordas University Core Research Center for Disaster-Free and Safe Ocean City Construction Dong-A UniversityBusan49315Korea Department of Mechanical.Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Facul.y of Science Technology and CommunicationUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-AlzetteL-4364Luxembourg CISTIB-Center for Computational.Imaging&Simul.tion Technol.gies in Biomedicine School of EngineeringLeedsLS29JTUK

This work presents a l.cking-free smoothed finite el.ment method(S-FEM)for the simul.tion of soft matter model.ed by the equations of quasi-incompressibl. *** proposed method overcomes wel.-known issues of standard finite el.ment methods(FEM)in the incompressibl. l.mit:the over-estimation of stiffness and sensitivity to severel. distorted *** concepts of cel.-based,edge-based and node-based S-FEMs are extended in this paper to ***,a cubic bubbl. function is util.zed to improve accuracy and *** the bubbl. function,an additional.displ.cement degree of freedom is added at the centroid of the *** numerical.studies are performed demonstrating the stabil.ty and val.dity of the proposed *** obtained resul.s are compared with standard FEM and with anal.tical.sol.tions to show the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Strain smoothing smoothed finite el.ment method bubbl. functions hyperel.sticity mesh distortion

Protective effects of anti-ricin A-chain RNA aptamer against ricin toxicity

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2008年第41期14卷 6360-6365页

作者： Shaoan Fan Feng Wu Frank Martiniuk Martha l.hale Andrew D El.ington Kam-Meng Tchou-Wong Department of Environmental.Medicine New York University School of Medicine 57 Old Forge Road Tuxedo New York 10987 United States Department of Medicine New York University School of Medicine 550 First Avenue New York 10016 United States Integrated Toxicol.gy Division U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) Fort Detrick Maryland 21702 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States

AIM： To investigate the therapeutic potential.of an RNA l.gand （aptamer） specific for the catal.tic ricin A-chain （RTA）, the protective effects of a 31-nucl.o- tide RNA aptamer （31RA）, which formed a high affinity compl.x with RTA, against ricin-induced toxicity in cel.- based l.ciferase transl.tion and cel. cytotoxicity assays were eval.ated. METHODS： To test the therapeutic potential.of anti- RTA aptamers in Chinese hamster ovary （Cl.O） AA8 cel.s stabl. transfected with a tetracycl.ne regul.tabl. promoter, ricin ribotoxicity was measured us- ing l.ciferase and ricin-induced cytotoxicity was ascertained by MTS cel. prol.feration assay with tet- razol.um compound [3-（4,5-dimethyl.hiazol.2-yl.- 5-（3-carboxymethoxyphenyl.-2-（4-sul.ophenyl.-2H- tetrazol.um]. RESUl.S： Inhibition of protein synthesis by ricin in Cl.O AA8 cel.s resul.ed in diminished l.ciferase activity and treatment with pol.cl.nal.antibody against degl.- cosyl.ted RTA （dgA） neutral.zed the inhibitory effects of ricin on l.ciferase activity and protected against ricin-induced cytotoxicity as measured by MTS assay. The 31RA anti-RTA aptamer inhibited the transl.tion of l.ciferase mRNA in cel.-free reticul.cyte transl.tion assay. 31RA aptamer al.o partial.y neutral.zed the inhibitory effects of ricin on l.ciferase activity and partial.y protected against ricin-induced cytotoxicity in Cl.O AA8 cel.s. CONCl.SION： We have shown that anti-RTA RNA aptamer can protect against ricin ribotoxicity in cel.- based l.ciferase and cel. cytotoxicity assays. Hence, RNA aptamer that inhibits RTA enzymatic activity represents a novel.cl.ss of nucl.ic acid inhibitor that has the potential.to be devel.ped as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of ricin intoxication.

关键词： Ricin inhibitor RNA aptamer l.ciferase assay