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Desmopression is an effective adjunct treatment for reversing excessive hyponatremia overcorrection

World journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第5期1卷 155-158页

作者： Kamel A Gharaibeh matthew j craig Christian A Koch Anna A Lerant Tibor Fülp va Csongrádi Department of Internal Medicine University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216-4505United States Department of Anesthesiology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216-4505United States Department of Medicine University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science CentreUniversity of Debrecen4032 DebrecenHungary

We report a case of a 50-year-old malnourished African American male with hiccups, nausea and vomiting who was brought to the Emergency Department after repeated seizures at home. Laboratory evaluations revealed sodium(Na+) 107 mmol/L, unmeasurably low potassium, chloride < 60 mmol/L, bicarbonate of 38 mmol/L and serum osmolality 217 m Osm/kg. Seizures were controlled with 3% saline Ⅳ. Once nausea was controlled with iv antiemetics, he developed large volume free water diuresis with 6 L of dilute urine in 8 h(urine osmolality 40-60 m Osm/kg) and serum sodium rapidly rose to 126 mmol/L in 12 h. Both intravenous desmopressin and 5% dextrose in water was given to achieve a concentrated urine and to temporarily reverse theacute rise of sodium, respectively. Serum Na+ was gradually re-corrected in 2-3 mmol/L daily increments from 118 mmol/L until 130 mmol/L. Hypokalemia was slowly corrected with resultant auto-correction of metabolic alkalosis. The patient discharged home with no neurologic sequaele on the 11 th hospital day. In euvolemic hyponatremic patient, controlling nausea may contribute to unpredictable free water diuresis. The addition of an antidiuretic hormone analog, such as desmopressin can limit urine output and prevent an unpredictable rise of the serum sodium.

关键词： Hyponatremia Hypokalemia Overcorrection Polyuria Antidiuretic hormone Vasopressin Desmopressin Osmotic demyelination syndrome Central pontine myelinolysis

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Unified methodology for site-characterization and sampling of highway runoff

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 47-58页

作者： jy S.WU craig j.ALLAN Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA 2 Department of Geography and Earth SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

Hydrology,roadway traffic conditions,and atmospheric deposition are three essential data categories for the planning and implementation of highway-runoff monitoring and characterization *** variables pertaining to each data category could be site specific but have been shown to correlate with runoff pollutant *** data categories were combined to derive statistical relationships for characterization and prioritization of the respective pollutant loads at highway runoff *** runoff data of total suspended solids(TSS),total dissolved solid(TDS),chemical oxygen demand(COD),total Kjeldahl nitrogen(TKN)and total phosphorus(TP)collected from three highway sites in Charlotte,North Carolina,USA,were used to illustrate the development of site-specific highway-runoff pollutant loading *** unified methodology provides a basis for initial assessment of the pollutant-constituent loads from highway runoff using hydrologic component *** reliability is achievable when additional traffic and/or atmospheric component variables are incorporated into the basic hydrologic regression *** addition,operational guidance is suggested for implementing highway-runoff monitoring programs that are subject to sampling and resources constraints.

关键词： highway runoff pollutant loads regression models non-point source pollution storm water permit

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Forensic isoscapes based on intra-individual temporal variation of δ^(18)O and ^(206)Pb/^(207)Pb in human teeth

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 42-52页

作者： Laura A.Regan Nathan W.Bower Samuel j.Brown craig C.Lundstrom Gideon Bartov matthew D.Cooney Office of Net Assessment Department of DefenseWashingtonDCUSA Chemistry and Biochemistry Department Colorado CollegeColorado SpringsCOUSA Geology Department University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Information Technology Services Colorado CollegeColorado SpringsCOUSA

Isotopic signatures used in the georeferencing of human remains are largely fixed by spatially distinct geologic and environmental ***,location-dependent temporal changes in these isotope ratios should also be considered when determining an individual’s provenance and/or *** of the relevant isotopes can be impacted by predictable external factors such as climate change,delocalisation of food and water sources and changes in sources and uses of *** Multi-Collector Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer(MC-ICP-MS)analyses of ^(206)Pb/^(207)Pb in tooth enamel and dentin from a population of 21±1-year-old individuals born circa 1984 and isotope ratio mass spectrometry(IRMS)of δ^(18)O in their enamel,we examined the expected influence of some of these *** resulting adjustments to the geographic distribution of isotope ratios(isoscapes)found in tooth enamel and dentin may contain additional useful information for forensic identification,but the shifts in values can also impact the uncertainty and usefulness of identifications if they are not taken into account.

关键词： Forensic sciences dentin enamel environmental geolocation isoscape radiogenic and stable isotopes

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SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy j. Nentl, craig Miller.

SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy J. Nentl, Craig ...

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2003年

作者： Nancy j. Nentl craig Miller.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Microbiome data analysis with applications to pre-clinical studies using QIIME2: Statistical considerations

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第2期8卷 215-223页

作者： Shesh N.Rai Chen Qian jianmin Pan jayesh P.Rai Ming Song juhi Bagaitkar Michael Merchant matthew Cave Nejat K.Egilmez craig j.McClain Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility James Graham Brown Cancer CenterUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA University of Louisville Hepatobiology&Toxicology Center University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA Department of Oral Immunology&Infectious Diseases University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA Department of Medicine University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA Robley Rex Louisville VAMC LouisvilleKY40206USA Department of Microbiology&Immunology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY40202USA

Diversity analysis and taxonomic profiles can be generated from marker-gene sequence data with the help of many available computational *** Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology Version 2(QIIME2)has been widely used for 16S rRNA data *** many articles have demonstrated the use of QIIME2 with suitable datasets,the application to preclinical data has rarely been talked *** issues involved in the pre-clinical data include the low-quality score and small sample size that should be addressed properly during *** addition,there are few articles that discuss the detailed statistical methods behind those alpha and beta diversity significance tests that researchers are eager to *** the program without knowing the logic behind it is extremely *** this article,we first provide a guideline for analyzing 16S rRNA data using *** we will talk about issues in pre-clinical data,and how they could impact the ***,we provide brief explanations of statistical methods such as group significance tests and sample size calculation.

关键词： 16S rRNA gene Alpha diversity ANOVA Beta diversity Bioinformatics Microbiome data QIIME Sample size calculation

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Microbiome dysbiosis and alcoholic liver disease

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Liver Research 2019年第3期3卷 218-226页

作者： Fengyuan Li craig j.McClain Wenke Feng Department of Medicine Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyAlcohol Research CenterUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA

Microbiome dysbiosis is strongly associated with alcoholic liver disease(ALD).Recent studies on comprehensive analyses of microbiome compositional and functional changes have begun to uncover the mechanistic relation between microbiome and the pathogenesis of ***,targeting the microbiome has become a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of *** this review,we summarize the clinical evidence of microbiome dysbiosis in ALD patients,and experimental advances in microbiome and metabolomic functional changes in animals with different species and genetic backgrounds in *** also summarize the studies in humanized intestinal microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in *** introduce new developments in the studies on the role of the circulating bacterial microbiome,oral bacterial microbiome and fungal microbiome in the development of *** highlight the potential mechanisms by which microbiome dysbiosis contributes to ALD,including short chain fatty acid changes,bile acid metabolism,intestinal barrier function,release of bacterial and fungal products,and *** addition,we summarize the recent developments targeting the microbiome in prevention and treatment of ALD,including dietary nutrient interference,herbal medicine,antibiotics,anti-fungal agents,probiotics,engineered bacterial therapy,fecal transplantation and oral *** recent preclinical studies have advanced our understanding of the microbiome and ALD,clinical studies,especially prospective studies with large samples,are needed to better understand the cause-effect of microbiome dysbiosis in *** new precision-based strategies targeting the microbiome are expected to be developed as more effective therapies in ALD.©2019 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen *** Services by Elsevier *** behalf of KeAi Communications Co.,*** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

关键词： Microbiome Dysbiosis Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)

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Dielectrophoretic assembly of carbon nanotubes and stability analysis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第4期23卷 367-373页

作者： Libao An craig Friedrich College of Mechanical Engineering Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic MaterialsHebei United University Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics Multi-Scale Technologies InstituteMichigan Technological University

Nanoscale dimensions and remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes make them promising building blocks for *** requirement is the need to manipulate single or multiple carbon nanotubes to bridge electronic *** this paper,multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a variety of sizes are assembled onto electrodes using alternative current electric felds by *** effect of the dielectrophoretic parameters and the nanotube size as well as the length uniformity on the assembly is experimentally ***–voltage characteristics of assembled carbon nanotubes are *** experimental results showed that both the dielectrophoretic parameters and length uniformity of carbon nanotubes have an infuence on the stability of assembly *** uniform carbon nanotubes with an appropriate length and suffcient stiffness,which are more controllable by dielectrophoresis,is necessary for an assembly of a small number of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Assembly Dielectrophoresis Process parameter Stability

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Dominant species of mid-elevation grasslands of the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park are predicted to be largely immune to climate change

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journal of Mountain Science 2023年第9期20卷 2468-2486页

作者： Debbie jEWITT craig D.MORRIS Tim G.O’CONNOR Michelle j.TEDDER Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Scientific ServicesPO Box 13053Cascades 3202South Africa School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgPrivate Bag X3WITS 2050South Africa Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production(ARC-AP) ℅School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa

Anticipating global change impact on natural vegetation,especially in poorly researched systems,requires an understanding of the environmental factors that most strongly influence the organisation of plant communities at different *** environmental relations of plant communities in the Drakensberg mountains of South Africa remain poorly *** study investigated the influence of selected environmental determinants on the dominant species of plant community organisation in this *** order to provide an overview of the influence of the environment on botanical composition and plant diversity,this study,conducted as four discrete exercises,investigated the interplay of altitude,aspect and slope on the abundance of selected species,and to examine the influence of latitude,geological substrate and local topography on species *** diversity showed no pattern of response to investigated environmental *** composition was related to temperature and solarradiation *** altitude sites facing east were distinct for non-graminoid *** and latitude exerted a pronounced effect on species composition,confounded by longitude and precipitation *** substrate,in concert with slope steepness and orientation,influenced composition,restricting the abundance but not distribution of some *** individualistic responses were found for C_3,C_4,and non-graminoid species in relation to altitude,slope and *** and aspect mediate the effects of altitude and hence temperature for some *** study has demonstrated the complexity of drivers influencing species and compositional distribution in the Drakensberg and permits a preliminary consideration of potential changes in the composition and dominance structure of mid-elevation grasslands in response to climate *** dominant grass species were widespread across environmental gradients,occupying currently warm,cool,moist and dry habitats

关键词： Drakensberg Environmental gradients Grasslands Mountain biodiversity Vegetation

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Direct ink writing of polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide based 3D constructs

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2021年第2期31卷 180-191页

作者： Bin Zhang Se Hun Chung Susan Barker Duncan craig Roger j.Narayan jie Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London Medway School of Pharmacy Universities of Greenwich and Kent School of Pharmacy University College London joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University

There has been increasing interest over recent years in the application of three-dimensional(3 D) printing technologies in the biomedical field. One such method is Direct Ink Writing(DIW); this approach has the potential advantage of allowing room-temperature deposition of materials, presented as an ink, to build complex architectures. DIW offers the ability to process biomaterials containing temperature-sensitive components. Due to the fabrication principles of DIW, there are specific rheological requirements that the ink must exhibit for the 3 D construction. For this reason, hydrogel-based liquid feed stocks have been the focal point of ink development. As a consequence, studies based on inks comprising hydrophobic biomaterials, which are insoluble in water and hence unsuited to the hydrogel approach, have been *** this study, we investigate novel inks that utilize polycaprolactone(PCL), a hydrophobic polymer, as the primary constituent by dissolving the polymer in solvent systems based on dichloromethane(DCM) and acetone(ACE). Moreover, polyethylene oxide(PEO) was incorporated into the PCL systems in order to extend the range of hydrophilicity of the systems. The rheological properties of the inks were investigated as a function of polymer composition and solvent system. Woodpile constructs of PCL and PCL/PEO were fabricated using DIW method and were assessed by a series of material characterisation. The type of solvent system had a noticeable impact on the ink rheology, which ultimately affected the surface properties. The incorporation of PEO particularly enhanced the roughness and wettability of the constructs. Our results support the use of DIW as a new means to process hydrophobic polymers for biomedical applications.

关键词： Direct ink writing Polycaprolactone Polyethylene oxide Ink rheology Material characterisation 3D construct

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Subnanometer localization accuracy in widefield optical microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 740-754页

作者： craig R.Copeland jon Geist craig D.McGray Vladimir A.Aksyuk j.Alexander Liddle B.Robert Ilic Samuel M.Stavis Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Maryland NanoCenter University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Engineering Physics Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

The common assumption that precision is the limit of accuracy in localization microscopy and the typical absence of comprehensive calibration of optical microscopes lead to a widespread issue—overconfidence in measurement results with nanoscale statistical uncertainties that can be invalid due to microscale systematic *** this article,we report a comprehensive solution to this underappreciated *** develop arrays of subresolution apertures into the first reference materials that enable localization errors approaching the atomic scale across a submillimeter *** present novel methods for calibrating our microscope system using aperture arrays and develop aberration corrections that reach the precision limit of our reference *** correct and register localization data from multiple colors and test different sources of light emission with equal accuracy,indicating the general applicability of our reference materials and calibration *** a first application of our new measurement capability,we introduce the concept of critical-dimension localization microscopy,facilitating tests of nanofabrication processes and quality control of aperture *** a second application,we apply these stable reference materials to answer open questions about the apparent instability of fluorescent nanoparticles that commonly serve as fiducial *** study establishes a foundation for subnanometer localization accuracy in widefield optical microscopy.

关键词： optical limit field

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