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Recommendations for improved tropical cyclone formation and position probabilistic Forecast products

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第4期12卷 241-258页

作者： Jason P.Dunion Chris Davis Helen Titley Helen Greatrex Munehiko Yamaguchi John Methven Raghavendra Ashrit Zhuo Wang Hui Yu Anne-Claire Fontan Alan Brammer matthew Kucas matthew ford Philippe Papin Fernando Prates Carla Mooney Andrew Kruczkiewicz Paromita Chakraborty Andrew Burton Mark DeMaria Ryan Torn Jonathan L.Vigh CIMAS University of Miamiand Hurricane Research DivisionNOAA/AOMLFloridaUSA NCAR Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Laboratory ColoradoUSA UK Met Office ExeterUK Pennsylvania State University PennsylvaniaUSA World Meteorological Organization GenevaSwitzerland University of Reading ReadingUK National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Ministry of Earth SciencesNoidaIndia University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IllinoisUSA Shanghai Typhoon Institute CMAShanghaiChina WMO Tropical Cyclone Programme(TCP)GenevaSwitzerland Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere/Colorado State University ColoradoUSA Joint Typhoon Warning Center HonoluluUSA MetService New Zealand WellingtonNew Zealand NOAA National Hurricane Center FloridaUSA European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ReadingUK Bureau of Meteorology MelbourneAustralia Columbia University New YorkUSA Centre for Climate Research Singapore Meteorological Services SingaporeSingapore CIRA/Colorado State University ColoradoUSA University at Albany-SUNY New YorkUSA Research Applications Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchColoradoUSA

Prediction of the potentially devastating impact of landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs)relies substantially on numerical prediction *** to the limited predictability of TCs and the need to express forecast confidence and possible scenarios,it is vital to exploit the benefits of dynamic ensemble forecasts in operational TC forecasts and ***,TCWCs,and other forecast centers value probabilistic guidance for TCs,but the International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)found that the“pull-through”of probabilistic information to operational warnings using those forecasts is ***-9 recommendations led to the formation of the WMO/WWRP Tropical Cyclone-Probabilistic Forecast Products(TC-PFP)project,which is also endorsed as a WMO Seamless GDPFS Pilot *** main goal of TC-PFP is to coordinate across forecast centers to help identify best practice guidance for probabilistic TC ***-PFP is being implemented in 3 phases:Phase 1(TC formation and position);Phase 2(TC intensity and structure);and Phase 3(TC related rainfall and storm surge).This article provides a summary of Phase 1 and reviews the current state of the science of probabilistic forecasting of TC formation and *** is considerable variability in the nature and interpretation of forecast products based on ensemble information,making it challenging to transfer knowledge of best practices across forecast *** among forecast centers regarding the effectiveness of different approaches would be helpful for conveying best *** collaboration with experts experienced in communicating complex probabilistic TC information and sharing of best practices between centers would help to ensure effective decisions can be made based on TC ***,forecast centers need timely access to ensemble information that has consistent,user-friendly ensemble *** consistency across forecast centers in data accessibility,probabilistic forecast pr

关键词： Tropical cyclone Probabilistic Formation Position

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Alterations of SARS-CoV-2 Evolutionary Dynamics by Pharmaceutical Factors

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 35-40页

作者： matthew Halma EbMCsquared CIC Bath BA24BLUnited Kingdom

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)has been influenced by the human response to the *** responses have undoubtedly impacted the evolutionary dynamics of the virus in ways distinct from a scenario lacking a widespread *** important pharmaceutical interventions,vaccination and the utilization of medications,particularly molnupiravir,known to have mutagenic properties,were the focus of this *** impact of molnupiravir on human health was evaluated through 3 mechanisms:viral resistance,mutagenesis of SARS-CoV-2,and mutagenesis occurring in patients undergoing ***,as well as the impact of vaccination,have inadvertently given rise to unforeseen challenges in the management of the COVID-19 *** a systems view in future pandemic responses,and taking into account the evolution of the pandemic virus,may be critical to ending the pandemic at an earlier date.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Evolution Spike protein Molnupiravir Mutagenesis

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Evaluation of a software positioning tool to support SMEs in adoption of big data analytics

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 13-24页

作者： matthew Willetts Anthony S.Atkins Faculty of Digital TechnologyInnovationand BusinessStaffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentST42DEUnited Kingdom

Big data analytics has been widely adopted by large companies to achieve measurable benefits including increased profitability,customer demand forecasting,cheaper development of products,and improved stock *** and medium sized enterprises(SMEs)are the backbone of the global economy,comprising of 90%of businesses ***,only 10%SMEs have adopted big data analytics despite the competitive advantage they could *** research has analysed the barriers to adoption and a strategic framework has been developed to help SMEs adopt big data *** framework was converted into a scoring tool which has been applied to multiple case studies of SMEs in the *** paper documents the process of evaluating the framework based on the structured feedback from a focus group composed of experienced *** results of the evaluation are presented with a discussion on the results,and the paper concludes with recommendations to improve the scoring tool based on the proposed *** research demonstrates that this positioning tool is beneficial for SMEs to achieve competitive advantages by increasing the application of business intelligence and big data analytics.

关键词： Big data analytics Evaluation Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) Strategic framework

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Refining safety considerations for intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise. Commentary on “Concerns on the application of blood-flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 455-456页

作者： matthew J.Clarkson Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia

I read with great interest the article“Concerns on the application of blood flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”by Correa et al.1 The study presents complementary data from a previous randomized controlled trial,2 exploring the application of intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise for hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients hemodialysis

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： matthew L.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P < 0.001–0.010). Differences between agriculture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Schwann cell migration and re-myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1575-1583页

作者： Rong Hu Xinpeng Dun Lolita Singh matthew C.Banton School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Faculty of Health University of PlymouthPlymouthUK

Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and function;however,the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unclea ***,we analyzed Runx2expression following injury and found that it was specifically up-regulated in Schwann ***,using Schwann cell-specific Runx2 knocko ut mice,we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration process following sciatic nerve injury were *** observed in Runx2 knoc kout mice include increased prolife ration of Schwann cells,impaired Schwann cell migration and axonal regrowth,reduced re-myelination of axo ns,and a block in macrophage clearance in the late stage of *** together,our findings indicate that Runx2 is a key regulator of Schwann cell plasticity,and therefore peripheral nerve ***,our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Schwann cell migration,re-myelination,and peripheral nerve functional recovery following injury.

关键词： macrophage clearance migration peripheral nerve injury regeneration re-myelination Runx2 Schwann cells

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Designing a medical ethics curriculum in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 4-9页

作者： matthew D.Gearinger Flaum Eye Institute University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Ethical principles form a bedrock to medical practice in any specialty,guiding physicians to appropriate attitudes and behaviors.A formal ethics curriculum can be difficult to generate de novo in an ophthalmology training program.A number of barriers exist in most ophthalmology departments:trainees may think ethics is of secondary importance compared to core basic and clinical science topics;most ophthalmology faculty have no formal degree in medical ethics;there is limited didactic time with competing academic,clinical,and surgical priorities;work-hours regulations may limit the time available to deliver“para-professional”lectures;and there is a belief that the medical ethics lectures during medical school is a sufficient amount of coursework to last through a physician’s career with no need for continuing professional *** four pillars of medical ethics are beneficence,non-maleficence,autonomy,and *** addition,morals,ethics,and professionalism are important aspects of sound medical practice.A curriculum specific to medical ethics in ophthalmology can be developed in any of our sub-specialties and include lectures,curated readings,case rounds,and clinic wrap-up *** considerations are part of everyday clinical practice,and a structured ethics curriculum can be incorporated into ophthalmology training *** concept of backward design can be used to structure the curriculum,starting with the expected outcome,then designing authentic assessments,and finally putting together a learning plan that has students actively involved in ethical *** paper will provide a guide to developing an ethics curriculum for an ophthalmology training program utilizing the concept of backwards design and guide the reader through the process of developing expected learning outcomes,authentic assessments,and a unified learning plan.

关键词： Medical ethics curriculum design medical education

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Use of an immunocapture device to detect cytokine release in discrete brain regions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 703-704页

作者： matthew G.Frank Michael V.Baratta Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Frank MG)Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Baratta MV)

Production of proinflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system is a key process in the neuroinflammatory response to trauma,infection,and neurodegenerative diseases(Kumar,2019).These intercellular signaling molecules play multiple roles in the immune response in the central nervous system including the orchestration of the sickness response to innate immune perturbations in the brain(Dantzer et al.,2008).

关键词： system release innate

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A flexible,thin-film microchannel electrode array device for selective subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve recording

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongcheon Lim Peter A.Zoss Terry L.Powley Hyowon Lee matthew P.Ward Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Center for Implantable Devices Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Purdue Institute of Integrative Neuroscience Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)plays an important role in regulating physiological conditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract by communicating via the parasympathetic pathway to the enteric nervous system(ENS).However,the lack of knowledge in the neurophysiology of the VN and GI tract limits the development of advanced treatments for autonomic dysfunctions related to the *** better understand the complicated underlying mechanisms of the VN-GI tract neurophysiology,it is necessary to use an advanced device enabled by microfabrication *** several candidates including intraneural probe array and extraneural cuff electrodes,microchannel electrode array devices can be used to interface with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by securing them in the separate channel *** microchannel electrode array devices to interface teased nerve structures are relatively bulky with thickness around 200µ*** thick design can potentially harm the delicate tissue structures,including the nerve *** this paper,we present a flexible thin film based microchannel electrode array device(thickness:11.5µm)that can interface with one of the subdiaphragmatic nerve branches of the VN in a *** demonstrated recording evoked compound action potentials(ECAP)from a transected nerve ending that has multiple nerve ***,our analysis confirmed that the signals are from C-fibers that are critical in regulating autonomic neurophysiology in the GI tract.

关键词： electrode recording film

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Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as therapeutics for nervous system disorders:preclinical models and clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan Sean M.Riordan matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedical Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

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