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The effects of sun exposure on carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the retina of the House Finch(Haemorhous mexicanus)

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Chinese Birds 2016年第1期7卷 56-67页

作者： matthew B.Toomey Kevin J.McGraw School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University Medical School

Background: Diet-derived carotenoid pigments are concentrated in the retinas of birds and serve a variety of functions, including photoprotection. In domesticated bird species(e.g., chickens and quail), retinal carotenoid pigmentation has been shown to respond to large manipulations in light exposure and provide protection against photodamage. However, it is not known if or how wild birds respond to ecologically relevant variation in sun ***: We manipulated the duration of natural sunlight exposure and dietary carotenoid levels in wild-caught captive House Finches(Haemorhous mexicanus), then measured carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the ***: We found no significant effects of sun exposure on retinal levels of carotenoids or lipid peroxidation, in replicate experiments, in winter(Jan–Mar) and spring/summer(May–June). Dietary carotenoid supplementation in the spring/summer experiment led to significantly higher retinal carotenoid levels, but did not affect lipid peroxidation. Carotenoid levels differed significantly between the winter and spring/summer experiments, with higher retinal and lower plasma carotenoid levels in birds from the later ***: Our results suggest that variation in the duration of exposure to direct sunlight have limited influence on intraspecific variation in retinal carotenoid accumulation, but that accumulation may track other seasonal–environmental cues and physiological processes.

关键词： Carotenoids Haemorhous mexicanus House Finch Photostress Vision

A critical evaluation of subjective ratings： Unacquainted observers can reliably assess certain personality traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 162-169页

作者： matthew B.PeTeLLe Daniel T.BLUMSTeIN Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte CO 81224 USA

Methods to measure consistent individual differences in behavior （i.e. animal personality） fall into two categories, subjective ratings and behavioral codings. Ratings are seldom used despite being potentially more efficient than codings. One potential limitation for the use of ratings is that it is assumed that long-term observers or experts in the field are required to score individuals. This can be problematic in many cases, especially for long-term ecological studies where there is high turnover in personnel. We tested whether raters who were unacquainted with subjects could produce reliable and valid personality assessments of yellow-bellied marmots Marmota flaviventris. Two raters, previously unacquainted with individuals and marmot be- havior, scored 130 subjects on fifteen different adjectives in both open-field （OF） and mirror image stimulation （MIS） trials. eight OF and nine MIS adjectives were reliable as indicated by both a high degree of intra-observer and inter-observer reliability. Additionally, some ratings were externally valid, correlating with behavioral codings. Our data suggest that activity/exploration and sociability can be a reliable and valid measurement of personality traits in studies where raters were unacquainted with subjects. These traits are observable with the personality tests we used; otherwise researchers using unacquainted raters should be cautious in the tests they employ [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 162-169, 2014].

关键词： Animal personality Behavior codings Marmots Subjective ratings

Shape Control of Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (d-Dots)

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 138-144页

作者： Ranjani Viswanatha David M.Battaglia Mark e.Curtis Tetsuya D.Mishima matthew B.Johnson Xiaogang Peng Department of Chemistry&Biochemistry University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA NN-Labs LLC FayettevilleAR 72703USA Joint MRSeC at the University of Oklahoma and the University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR 72701USA Homer L.Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Formation of Mn2+-doped ZnSe quantum dots(Mn:ZnSe d-dots)with both branched and nearly spherical shapes has been *** analysis indicates that the Mn2+dopants were localized in the core of a branched *** growth of branched d-dots,rather than spherical ones,was achieved by simply varying the concentration of two organic additives,fatty acids,and fatty *** photoluminescence properties of the branched nanocrystals were explored and compared with those of the nearly spherical particles.

关键词： Doped quantum dot(d-dot) shape control photoluminescence

Safety Analysis of the eco-Approach and Departure Application at a Signalized Corridor

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第2期23卷 157-171页

作者： Weixia Li Guoyuan Wu Yi Zhang matthew J. Barth Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Bourns College of engineering-Center for environmental Research and Technology (Ce-CeRT) University of California Riverside CA 92507 USA.

Various intelligent transportation systems and strategies for reducing vehicle fuel consumption and emissions have been developed. energy and emissions could be reduced with the compromise of travel time in some environment-focused Connected Vehicle(CV) applications, which highlighted performance measures in terms of mobility and sustainability. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on safety assessment of such CV applications. In this study, a CV-based eco-driving application, namely, eco-Approach and Departure(eAD), is selected as an example. A microscopic safety analysis tool, Surrogate Safety Assessment Model(SSAM), is utilized to assess the safety influence of eAD application in multiple scenarios. Further analysis is performed from two perspectives:(1) application users, i.e., eAD-equipped vehicles versus unequipped vehicles; and(2) traffic operators, i.e., overall traffic performance with and without the introduction of eAD. For each perspective, conflict statistics(e.g., frequency, time-to-collision distribution), overall and by type, are analyzed. Results indicate eAD is beneficial in improving the safety performance of equipped vehicles. The influence of eAD on overall traffic is scenario dependent, and a high penetration rate shows positive effects on network-wide safety benefits for most scenarios.

关键词： eco-Approach and Departure(eAD) Surrogate Safety Assessment Model(SSAM) safety analysis conflict type Time-To-Collision(TTC)

Methodologies for preparation of prokaryotic extracts for cell-free expression systems

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第4期5卷 252-267页

作者： Stephanie D.Cole Aleksandr e.Miklos Abel C.Chiao Zachary Z.Sun matthew W.Lux US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA Division of Biology and Biological engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA Synvitrobio Inc. San FranciscoCAUSA 8567 Ricketts Point Road Bldg E3549 Room B140APGMD21010USA

Cell-free systems that mimic essential cell functions,such as gene expression,have dramatically expanded in recent years,both in terms of applications and widespread *** we provide a review of cell-extract methods,with a specific focus on prokaryotic ***,we describe the diversity of escherichia coli genetic strains available and their corresponding *** then trace the history of cell-extract methodology over the past 20 years,showing key improvements that lower the entry level for new ***,we survey the rise of new prokaryotic cell-free systems,with associated methods,and the opportunities ***,we use this historical perspective to comment on the role of methodology improvements and highlight where further improvements may be possible.

关键词： Cell-free systems Cell-free expression Cell-free extract Synthetic biology Methods

Cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第1期4卷 37-43页

作者： matthew e.Pollard Alan J.Moskowitz Michael A.Diefenbach Simon J.Hall Department of Urology UCLA School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Health evidence and Policy Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Smith Institute for Urology Hofstra Northwell School of MedicineLake SuccessNYUSA

Objective:Treatment options for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)have expanded rapidly in recent *** the significant economic burden,we sought perform a cost-effectiveness analysis(CeA)of the contemporary treatment paradigm for ***:We devised a treatment protocol consisting of sipuleucel-T,enzalutamide,abiraterone,docetaxel,radium-223,and *** estimated number and length of treatments for each therapy using dosing schedules or progression free survival data from published clinical *** estimated treatment cost using billing data and Medicare reimbursement values and performed a *** analysis assumed US$100,000 per life year saved(LYS)as the threshold societal willingness to ***:Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICeR)for strategies incorporating sipuleucel-T that were not eliminated by extended dominance exceeded the societal threshold willingnessto-pay of US$100,000 per LYS,the lowest of which was sipuleucel-T+enzalutamide+abiraterone+docetaxel at US$207,714 per ***+abiraterone+docetaxel exhibited the most favorable ICeR among strategies without sipuleucel-T at US$165,460 per ***:Based on the available survival data and current costs of treatment,all treatment strategies greatly exceed a commonly assumed societal willingness-to-pay threshold of US$100,000 per *** in this regard can only comewith a reduction in pricing,better tailoring of treatment or significant enhancements in survival with clinical use of treatment combinations or sequences.

关键词： Metastatic prostate cancer Costs and cost analysis Health expenditures economics Pharmaceutical

GD2+ cancer stem cells in triple-negative breast cancer:mechanisms of resistance to breast cancer therapies

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 721-726页

作者： Khoa Nguyen emily McConnell Orielle edwards Bridgette M.Collins-Burow matthew e.Burow Department of Medicine Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Research has led to the development of tailored treatment options for different cancers in different *** some treatments being able to provide remarkable responses,nearly all current treatments encounter the same issue:***,we discuss our experiences with how breast cancers resist *** focus of our discussion revolves around the cancer stem cell subpopulation and their mechanisms for resistance.

关键词： Drug resistance breast cancer therapy triple-negative breast cancer cancer stem cells

A Five-stage evolution of earth's Phosphorus Cycle

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 2023年第5期97卷 1306-1317页

作者： JIAO Liangxuan matthew SDODD Thomas JALGeO LI Chao Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and exploitation&Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China International Center for Sedimentary Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry Research Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China School of earth Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geosciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221U.S.A.

Phosphorus(P)is a key biological nutrient and probably the ultimate limiter of marine productivity during earth *** recent years,a wealth of new knowledge has revolutionized our understanding of the global P cycle,yet its longterm evolution remains incompletely *** this paper,we review the effects of three major controlling factors on the long-term evolution of the global P cycle,i.e.,tectonics,marine redox conditions,and bio-evolution,on the basis of which a five-stage model is proposed:StageⅠ(>~2.4 Ga),tectonic-lithogenic-controlled P cycling;StageⅡ(~2.4 Ga to 635Ma),low-efficiency biotic P cycling;StageⅢ(~635 Ma to 380 Ma),transitional biotic P cycling;StageⅣ(~380 Ma to near-modern),high-efficiency biotic P cycling;and Stage V(Anthropocene),human-influenced P *** model implies that the earlier-proposed ediacaran reorganization of the marine P cycle may represent only the start of a-250-Myr-long transition of the earth's P cycle(StageⅢ)between the low-efficiency biotic mode of the Proterozoic(StageⅡ)and the high-efficiency biotic mode of the Phanerozoic(StageⅣ).The development of biologically-driven,high-efficiency P cycling may have been a key factor for the increasing frequency and volume of phosphorite deposits since the late Neoproterozoic.

关键词： tectonics marine redox life evolution phosphorite ediacaran Anthropocene

Hepatorenal syndrome:Update on diagnosis and therapy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第6期9卷 293-299页

作者： Juan G Acevedo matthew e Cramp South West Liver Unit Plymouth Hospitals Trust Hepatology Research Group Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry

Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) is a manifestation of extreme circulatory dysfunction and entails high morbidity and mortality.A new definition has been recently recommended by the International Club of Ascites,according to which HRS diagnosis relies in serum creatinine changes instead that on a fixed high ***,new data on urinary biomarkers has been recently *** this sense,the use of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin seems useful to identify patients with acute tubular necrosis and should be employed in the diagnostic *** with terlipressin and albumin is the current standard of *** data show that terlipressin in intravenous continuous infusion is better tolerated than intravenous boluses and has the same *** is effective in reversing HRS in only 40%-50% of *** bilirubin and creatinine levels along with the increase in blood pressure and the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome have been identified as predictors of ***,there is a need for further research in novel *** treatments have been assessed such as noradrenaline,dopamine,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,renal and liver replacement therapy,*** all of them,liver transplant is the only curative option and should be considered in all *** can be prevented with volume expansion with albumin during spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and after post large volume paracentesis,and with antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with advanced cirrhosis and low proteins in the ascitic *** manuscript reviews the recent advances in the diagnosis and management of this life-threatening condition.

关键词： Hepatorenal syndrome Acute-on-chronic liver failure Liver cirrhosis Terlipressin Acute kidney injury