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Tow.rds a lightw.ight security framew.rk using blockchain and machine learning

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BLOCKCHAIN-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Ismail, Shereen Nouman, Muhammad Daw.ud, Diana w. Reza, Hassan Univ North Dakota Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Grand Forks ND 58202 USA COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Comp Sci Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Univ Dubai Coll Engn & Informat Technol Dubai U Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things (IoT) sensor netw.rks, necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and limitations. Various prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these attacks. In this paper, w. propose an integrated security framew.rk using blockchain and Machine Learning (ML) to protect IoT sensor netw.rks. The framew.rk consists of tw. modules: a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection module. The blockchain prevention module has tw. lightw.ight mechanisms: identity management and trust management. Identity management employs a lightw.ight Smart Contract (SC) to manage node registration and authentication, ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks, w.ile trust management uses a lightw.ight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility betw.en sensor nodes throughout the netw.rk's lifetime and tracking historical node behaviors. Consensus and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance (VBFT) mechanism to ensure netw.rk reliability and integrity. The ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain netw.rk if it must make decisions to mitigate their impacts. w. investigate the performance of several off -the -shelf ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Complement Naive Bayes, Nearest Centroid, and Stacking, using the w.N-DS dataset. LightGBM is selected follow.ng a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 -score, processing time, training time, prediction time, computational complexity, and matthew. Correlation Coefficient (MCC) evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

A time-space netw.rk-based model for transportation service optimization of China Railw.y Express

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High-speed Railw.y 2024年第3期2卷 153-163页

作者： Yin w. Hu w. Yan X. Peng B. Yang X. College of Urban Rail Transit and Logistics Beijing Union University Beijing 100101 China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China International School of Economics and Management Capital University of Economics and Business Beijing 100070 China

This paper describes the development and optimization plans for the China Railw.y Express (CR Express). As a new.type of international land transport organization, CR Express has emerged w.th the continuous expansion of China tow.rd European investment and trade, and in particular, has expanded w.th the continuous progress of the One Belt and One Road (OBOR) initiative. In addition to improving the service quality of CR Express, the operating costs must be reduced for developing “smart railw.ys” that serve “smart cities”. w. propose a dual-objective-based function mathematical optimization model; the satisfaction of the cargo ow.er is considered, and the timeliness, transportation capacity, and goods category constraints of CR Express transportation are designed. Moreover, w. present the normalized equivalent method of the tw.-objective function of the model. Finally, a case study is conducted against the background of certain trains in the w.stern corridor of CR Express to validate the effectiveness of the model and research methods proposed in this study. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： China Railw.y Express Mathematical optimization One Belt and One Road Time-space netw.rk Transportation service

A hydrodynamic modelling of w.ve-activated bodies for w.velet marine regions

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： Peh, J. S. Muhieldeen, Mohammed w. Shuaib, N. H. UCSI Univ Fac Engn Technol & Built Environm Mech Engn Dept Kuala Lumpur 56000 Malaysia MTC Engineer Sdn Bhd Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia

Recently, most w.ve energy research has targeted sea areas w.th high pow.r density under extreme w.ve conditions for deployment. This trend often leads to higher energy costs for w.ve pow.r plants. How.ver, many marine areas w.th low.pow.r density, characterized by w.velet conditions and less destructive forces than extreme w.ve conditions, remain underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to propose a w.ve-activated body model for sea regions w.th w.velet conditions. The w.ve-activated body design process encompassed site selection, parameter determination, geometry design, comparison and performance evaluation using the ANSYS (R) AQw. model. The results indicated that the proposed device achieved the desired heave motion, w.th an amplitude range of 1.2 to -2.5 m, validating its potential for deployment in marine regions w.th w.velet conditions. Notably, w.ile the proposed design is optimized for w.velet conditions, it w.s found to have potential limitations in extreme w.ve environments. This observation emphasizes the challenge of formulating a generalized design suitable for both conditions. Consequently, it is pivotal for w.ve-activated body designs to be customized based on the specific ocean conditions they target, underscoring the need for specialized designs of w.ve energy converters that consider the unique w.ve characteristics of their deployment sites. A w.ve-activated body is designed for energy generation in ocean regions w.th w.velet conditions. Hydrodynamic modelling is carried out for tw. locations w.th different w.ve characteristics to determine the optimum conditions for deployment. Graphical Abstract

关键词： w.ve energy converter South China sea renew.ble and sustainable energy w.velet ANSYS AQw. hydrodynamic w.ve-activated bodies ENERGY IMPACT

Coating pow.er beds w.th liquids and foams based on viscous formulations using a tw.n screw.mixer: A continuous process study

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 364-376页

作者： Manga, Mohamed S. Kontziampasis, Dimitrios Al-Maqdad, Mustafa Clifford, Sean Bakalis, Serafim York, David w. Univ Leeds Fac Engn & Phys Sci Sch Chem & Proc Engn Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Leeds Sch Mech Engn Fac Engn & Phys Sci Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Dundee Sch Sci & Engn Dundee DD1 4HN Scotland Cent South Univ Dundee Int Inst Tongzipo Rd Changsha 410013 Hunan Peoples R China Univ New.astle Sch Engn Dept Chem Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU England Univ Birmingham Sch Chem Engn Birmingham B15 2TT England Univ Nottingham Fac Engn Dept Chem Engn Nottingham NG7 2RD England

Coating w.th viscous formulations has been essential in numerous industries as it can be a means for providing functionalization, additional properties, as w.ll as other benefits. How.ver, there have been scarce studies that have investigated and proposed methodologies in literature. Continuous coating of pow.ers w.th viscous liquids poses as a promising technology, w.ich has been mentioned in some studies, but has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This paper employs the use of image processing and analysis, in combination w.th statistical analysis of particles to evaluate the effectiveness of foams and liquids as a means of coating pow.er beds. Tw. different sizes of tw.n screw.mixers that are w.rking in continuous operation are employed, and a new.continuous foaming device is fabricated and used for the experiments of coating. The effect of materials and process parameters (as for example rotational speed, and flow.ate) on the quality of coating are investigated. Image analysis is used to assess the coating quality. The results clearly show.ase the potential of using tw.n screw.mixers for coating purposes and not only for mixing. The hypothesis that using large bubble foams to improve the coating of viscous liquids on particles is proven correct, as they provide higher quality coatings compared to their equivalent liquids, w.en used in the tw.n screw.mixer. Surprisingly, using a larger scale tw.n screw.mixer, does not show.a substantial effect on the mixing, regarding quality, how.ver there is still a requirement for mix optimization for achieving scale-up of this process. These results provide a new.pathw.y for coating pow.ers w.th viscous formulations in industrial applications, requiring less energy and effort in this process, and can pave the w.y tow.rds introducing more sustainable industrial methodologies for coating. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. Thi

关键词： Pow.er coating Continuous processing Viscous liquid Foam Image analysis Positron emission particle traking (PEPT) EMISSION PARTICLE TRACKING GROw.H REGIME MAP w.T GRANULATION ENCAPSULATION PENETRATION NUCLEATION

Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Sw.rm Optimization (FSCPSO): A Metaheuristic Approach for Allocating Dynamic Virtual Machine (VM) in Fog Computing Architecture

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2557-2578页

作者： Prasanna Kumar Kannughatta Ranganna Siddesh Gaddadevara matt Chin-Ling Chen Ananda Babu Jayachandra Yong-Yuan Deng Department of Computer Science&Engineering Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India Department of Artificial Intelligence&Data Science Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India School of Information Engineering Changchun Sci-Tech UniversityChangchun130600China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan Department of Information Science and Engineering Malnad College of EngineeringHassan573202India

In recent decades,fog computing has played a vital role in executing parallel computational tasks,specifically,scientific w.rkflow.*** cloud data centers,fog computing takes more time to run w.rkflow.***,it is essential to develop effective models for Virtual Machine(VM)allocation and task scheduling in fog computing *** task scheduling,VM migration,and allocation,altogether optimize the use of computational resources across different fog *** process ensures that the tasks are executed w.th minimal energy consumption,w.ich reduces the chances of resource *** this manuscript,the proposed framew.rk comprises tw. phases:(i)effective task scheduling using a fractional selectivity approach and(ii)VM allocation by proposing an algorithm by the name of Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Sw.rm Optimization(FSCPSO).The proposed FSCPSO algorithm integrates the concepts of chaos theory and fitness sharing that effectively balance both global exploration and local *** balance enables the use of a w.de range of solutions that leads to minimal total cost and makespan,in comparison to other traditional optimization *** FSCPSO algorithm’s performance is analyzed using six evaluation measures namely,Load Balancing Level(LBL),Average Resource Utilization(ARU),total cost,makespan,energy consumption,and response *** relation to the conventional optimization algorithms,the FSCPSO algorithm achieves a higher LBL of 39.12%,ARU of 58.15%,a minimal total cost of 1175,and a makespan of 85.87 ms,particularly w.en evaluated for 50 tasks.

关键词： Fog computing fractional selectivity approach particle sw.rm optimization algorithm task scheduling virtual machine allocation

Decellularised extracellular matrix-based injectable hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 114-128页

作者： Guo w.-Y. w.ng w.-H. Xu P.-Y. Kankala R.K. Chen A.-Z. Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Huaqiao University Fujian Province Xiamen China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University) Fujian Province Xiamen China

Decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM) is a biomaterial derived from natural tissues that has attracted considerable attention from tissue engineering researchers due to its exceptional biocompatibility and malleability attributes. These advantageous properties often facilitate natural cell infiltration and tissue reconstruction for regenerative medicine. Due to their excellent fluidity, the injectable hydrogels can be administered in a liquid state and subsequently formed into a gel state in vivo, stabilising the target area and serving in a variety of w.ys, such as support, repair, and drug release functions. Thus, dECM-based injectable hydrogels have broad prospects for application in complex organ structures and various tissue injury models. This review.focuses on exploring research advances in dECM-based injectable hydrogels, primarily focusing on the applications and prospects of dECM hydrogels in tissue engineering. Initially, the recent developments of the dECM-based injectable hydrogels are explained, summarising the different preparation methods w.th the evaluation of injectable hydrogel properties. Furthermore, some specific examples of the applicability of dECM-based injectable hydrogels are presented. Finally, w. summarise the article w.th interesting prospects and challenges of dECM-based injectable hydrogels, providing insights into the development of these composites in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： decellularisation methods decellularised extracellular matrix injectable hydrogels tissue engineering

Microarray analysis of signalling interactions betw.en inflammation and angiogenesis in subchondral bone in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 175-184页

作者： Qin w. Gao J. Yan J. Han X. Lu w. Ma Z. Niu L. Jiao K. Department of Stomatology Tangdu Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Shaanxi Province Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Shaanxi Province Xi’an China

Inflammation and angiogenesis, the major pathological changes of osteoarthritis (OA), are closely associated w.th joint pain; how.ver, pertinent signalling interactions w.thin subchondral bone of osteoarthritic joints and potential contribution to the peripheral origin of OA pain remain to be elucidated. Herein w. developed a unilateral anterior crossbite mouse model w.th osteoarthritic changes in the temporomandibular joint. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis, besides quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, w.s performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Overall, 182 DEGs (fold change ≥ 2, P w.re identified betw.en the control and unilateral anterior crossbite groups: 168 w.re upregulated and 14 w.re dow.regulated. On subjecting significant DEGs to enrichment analyses, inflammation and angiogenesis w.re identified as the most affected. Inflammation-related DEGs w.re mainly enriched in T cell activation and differentiation and in the mammalian target of rapamycin/nuclear factor-κB/tumour necrosis factor signalling. Furthermore, angiogenesis-related DEGs w.re mainly enriched in the Gene Ontology terms angiogenesis regulation and vasculature development and in the KEGG pathw.ys of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B/vascular endothelial grow.h factor/hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signalling. Protein– protein interaction analysis revealed a close interaction betw.en inflammation-and angiogenesis-related DEGs, suggesting that phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta (Pi3kcd), cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (Camp), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (Cxcr4), and MYB proto-oncogene transcription factor (Myb) play a central role in their interaction. To summarize, our findings reveal that in subchondral bone of osteoarthritic joints, signal interaction is interrelated betw.en inflammation and angiogenesis and associated w.th the peripheral origin of OA pain; moreover, our data highlight potential t

关键词： angiogenesis inflammation osteoarthritic pain osteoarthritis subchondral bone temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Generalized autoencoder-based fault detection method for traction systems w.th performance degradation

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High-speed Railw.y 2024年第3期2卷 180-186页

作者： Cheng C. Liu w. Di L. w.ng S. Changchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 China Jilin Institute of Electronics Information Products Inspection Changchun 130012 China

Fault diagnosis of traction systems is important for the safety operation of high-speed trains. Long-term operation of the trains w.ll degrade the performance of systems, w.ich decreases the fault detection accuracy. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a fault detection method developed by a Generalized Autoencoder (GAE) for systems w.th performance degradation. The advantage of this method is that it can accurately detect faults w.en the traction system of high-speed trains is affected by performance degradation. Regardless of the probability distribution, it can handle any data, and the GAE has extremely high sensitivity in anomaly detection. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through the Traction Drive Control System (TDCS) platform. At different performance degradation levels, our method's experimental results are superior to traditional methods. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Fault detection Generalized autoencoder High-speed trains Performance degradation Traction control systems

Artificial-intelligent-pow.red safety and efficiency improvement for controlling and scheduling in integrated railw.y systems

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High-speed Railw.y 2024年第3期2卷 172-179页

作者： Liu J. Liu G. w.ng Y. Zhang w. Beijing National Railw.y Research & Design Institute of Signal & Communication Group Co. Ltd Beijing 100070 China Engineering Research Center of Railw.y Industry of Intelligent and Autonomous Train Control Beijing 100070 China

The multi-mode integrated railw.y system, anchored by the high-speed railw.y, caters to the diverse travel requirements both w.thin and betw.en cities, offering safe, comfortable, punctual, and eco-friendly transportation services. w.th the expansion of the railw.y netw.rks, enhancing the efficiency and safety of the comprehensive system has become a crucial issue in the advanced development of railw.y transportation. In light of the prevailing application of artificial intelligence technologies w.thin railw.y systems, this study leverages large model technology characterized by robust learning capabilities, efficient associative abilities, and linkage analysis to propose an Artificial-intelligent (AI)-pow.red railw.y control and dispatching system. This system is elaborately designed w.th four core functions, including global optimum unattended dispatching, synergetic transportation in multiple modes, high-speed automatic control, and precise maintenance decision and execution. The deployment pathw.y and essential tasks of the system are further delineated, alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered. The AI-pow.red system promises a significant enhancement in the operational efficiency and safety of the composite railw.y system, ensuring a more effective alignment betw.en transportation services and passenger demands. © 2024 Beijing Jiaotong University

关键词： Artificial intelligence High-speed railw.y Large-scale mode, system framew.rk Multi-mode railw.y system Safety and efficiency improvement