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Different no-till grain production systems with Urochloa *** soil microbial community structure,biomass and activity in a tropical Ultisol

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 119-129页

作者： matheus Emannuel Oliveira Vieira Lucas Dantas Lopes France Mario costa Viviane Talamini Edson Patto Pacheco Marcelo Ferreira Fernandes PPGAGRI Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondons/n-49100-000-Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Av Govemador Paulo Barreto de Menezesn°3250-49025-040-AracajuSEBrazil

Integrated grain cropping systems promote soil health(SH)and *** biomass and activity(MBA)and community structure(MCS)are key to *** of maize with Urochloa pastures strongly impacts MBA and *** is more sensitive than MCS to shifts in grain cropping *** under continuous Urochloa increased microbial activity and AMF *** soils are prone to *** of conservation agricultural practices is essential to improve soil health,which is influenced by soil *** this study we analyzed shifts in microbial biomass and activity(MBA)and microbial community structure(MCS)based on fatty acid methyl esthers(FAMEs)between five no-till agricultural practices:maize monoculture(MM);maize annualy intercropped with Urochloa decumbens(M/Ud);M/Ud with soybean rotation every other year(M/Ud-S);M/Ud keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ud-Ud-Ud);and maize intercropped with *** keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ur-Ur-Ur).Results indicated that MBA was affected by the inclusion of Urochloa intercropping and by rotation with *** under a longer residence time with Urochloa in the field had higherβ-glucosidase activity and soil basal respiration,indicating a greater microbial *** was less affected than MBA by the investigated cropping *** changed only in the continuous pasture systems,which were enriched in arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi(AMF).Additionally,the continuous pasture systems had lower microbial stress ratios than the other agricultural *** sum,our study showed that utilization of Urochloa *** longer periods in no-till agricultural practices contributes to increase microbial activity,AMF abundance and decrease microbial stress *** changes are primarily beneficial for soil health.

关键词： crop-pasture integration crop rotation no-tillage soil health microbial ecology

The effectiveness of different wear indicators in quantifying wear on railway wheels of freight wagons

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第3期32卷 307-323页

作者： Philipe Augusto de Paula Pacheco M.Magelli matheus Valente Lopes Pedro Henrique Alves correa N.Zampieri N.Bosso Auteliano Antunes dos Santos Federal Institute of the Southeast of Minas Gerais(IF Sudeste MG) Técnico PanamáStreet 45Santos DumontMG 36246-311Brazil Railway Laboratory(Lafer) Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Mendeleyev Street 200CampinasSP 13083-872Brazil Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico Di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TurinItaly

Railway infrastructure relies on the dynamic interaction between wheels and rails;thus,assessing wheel wear is a critical aspect of maintenance and *** paper focuses on the wheel-rail wear indicator T-gamma(Tγ).Amidst its use,it becomes apparent that Tγ,while valuable,fails to provide a comprehensive reflection of the actual material removal and actual contact format,which means that using only Tγas a target for optimization of profiles is not *** this work,three different freight wagons are evaluated:a meter-gauge and a broad-gauge heavy haul vehicles from South American railways,and a standard-gauge freight vehicle operated in Europe,with different axle loads and dissimilar new wheel/rail *** vehicles are subjected to comprehensive multibody simulations on various *** simulations aimed to elucidate the intricate relationship between different wear indicators:Tγ,wear index,material removal,and maximum wear depth,under diverse curves,non-compensated lateral accelerations(A_(nc)),and *** findings showed a correlation of 0.96 between Tγand wear depth and 0.82 between wear index and material removed for the outer *** the results,the Tγis better than the wear index to be used when analyzing wear depth while the wear index is more suited to foresee the material *** results also show the low influence of A_(nc)on wear index and Tγ.By considering these factors together,the study aims to improve the understanding of wheel-rail wear by selecting the best wear analysis approaches based on the effectiveness of each parameter.

关键词： Wear index Wear volume Wear modeling Dynamic simulation

Assessment of energy consumption, environmental effects and fuel costs of the bus rapid transit system in Bogota (Colombia)

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 34-47页

作者： Perez, Jhon Jairo correa, Luis Hernando Ostergaard, Poul Alberg Cabrera, Pedro Univ La Salle Engn Fac Elect Dept Campus Candelaria Bogota Colombia Aalborg Univ Dept Planning Rendsburggade 14 DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria Dept Mech Engn Campus Univ Tafira Las Palmas Gran Canaria Spain

Colombia aims to boost the utilization of mass transportation systems in its major cities while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20%, in alignment with the commitments of the COP21 agreement. In 2020, the transport sector in Colombia accounted for 34.4% of the country's energy demand and was responsible for similar to 49% of its total CO2 emissions. This article presents an assessment of energy consumption, environmental effects and the fuel costs of Bogota's bus rapid transit system based on the Activity, Share, Intensity, Fuel methodology. A long-term analysis spanning from 2021 to 2040 was developed using the long-range energy alternatives planning platform. To conduct this assessment, the tool was calibrated using data from 2019 and 2020. Four distinct scenarios based on energy policies implemented in Bogota were examined: Business as Usual, Fast Transition, High Growth and Low Growth. Regarding energy consumption and environmental effects, the results underscore the pivotal role of diversifying energy sources and reducing reliance on fossil fuels such as oil. Consequently, the analysis emphasizes the urgent need to accelerate the transition to alternative energy sources such as natural gas and electricity. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： ASIF energy consumption environmental effects LEAP long-term energy model public transport GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS BOTTOM-UP TRANSPORTATION SECTOR AIR-POLLUTION BRT SYSTEM DEMAND TRENDS IMPACT PERFORMANCE POLICIES

Influence of broken kernels content on soybean quality during storage

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 105-112页

作者： Lazaro da costa correa Canizares Cesar Augusto Gaioso Newiton da Silva Timm Silvia Leticia Rivero Meza Adriano Hirsch Ramos Maurício de Oliveira Everton Lutz Moacir Cardoso Elias Department of Agroindustry Science and Technology Federal University of PelotasPelotasRio Grande do Sul 96010-900Brazil Information and Communication Technological Axis Federal Institute of EducationScienceand Technology FarroupilhaCampus PanambiPanambiRio Grande do Sul 98280-000Brazil

Although it is recognized that the post-harvest system is most responsible for the loss of soybean quality,the real impact of this loss is still *** regulation allows 15%and 30%of broken soybean for group I and group II(quality groups),***,the industry is not informed about the loss in the quality parameters of soybeans and its impacts during long-term ***,the objective was to evaluate the effect of the breakage kernel percentage of soybean stored for 12 *** of 15% of breakage kernels did not affect soybean ***,content of 30% of breakage kernels affected significantly soybean quality,which was evidenced by the increase of up to 75% in moldy soybeans,72% in acidity,50% in leached solids,27% in electrical conductivity,and the decrease of up to 12% in soluble protein,6.4% in germination and 3.5% in thousand kernel weight after 8 months of *** the legislation establishes a percentage limit,it is recommended to store soybeans with up to 15% breakage *** the contrary,values higher than that can cause a significant reduction in soybean quality,resulting in commercial losses.

关键词： Soybean quality Breakage kernels Storage problems Grain defects Quality parameters

Sensing of membrane tensions:the pleiotropic functions of OSCA/TMEM63 mechanosensitive ion channels

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第6期51卷 579-582页

作者： Bo Yu Alex costa Yang Zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biosciences University of MilanVia Celoria 26Milan 20133Italy

Organisms sense and respond to environmental and developmental signals to drive adaptive responses(Kefauver et al.,2020;Yu et al.,2024).These stimuli can be mainly divided into physical and chemical stimuli,and the physical stimuli include light,temperature,sound,vibration,pressure,stretch,shear stress,osmotic stress,and substrate *** of these physical stimuli trigger physical forces and alter membrane tension,which in turn activates mechanosensitive channels(MsCs)and converts the mechanical cues into biochemical signals.

关键词： deformation. convert mec

Novel classification of gastric polyps:The good,the bad and the ugly

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3640-3653页

作者： Deborah costa Daryl Ramai Alberto Tringali Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology AULSS2Conegliano HospitalConegliano 31015Italy Department of Gastroenterology Division of Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

Gastric polyps(GPs)are increasingly *** upper endoscopy,they should be examined with white light and occasionally chromoendoscopy,and their morphology classified according to the Paris *** GPs have a typical endoscopic appearance and can be associated with diseases like Helicobacter pylori *** examination is necessary for an accurate *** most polyps are non-neoplastic and do not require treatment,some carry a risk of malignancy or are already ***,understanding the diagnosis,classification,and management of GPs is crucial for patient *** new classification categorizes GPs into"good","bad",and"ugly"based on their likelihood of becoming *** aim to provide descriptions of the endoscopic appearance,pathology,treatment,and follow-up for different GPs,as well as clinical management flowcharts.

关键词： Gastric polyps Fundic gland polyps Hyperplastic polyps Adenomas Neuroendocrine tumors Early gastric cancer

Evaluation of the efficiency of urban solid waste management in Brazil by data envelopment analysis and possible variables of influence

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 283-295页

作者： Isabel das Merces costa Marta Ferreira Dias Margarita Robaina GOvCOPP-Research Unit on Governance Competitiveness and Public Policies and Analyst of UniversidadeEstadual de Feira de SantanaUniversidade de AveiroAveiroPortugal GOvCOPP-Research Unit on Governance Competitiveness and Public PoliciesDEGEIT-Department of EconomicsManagementIndustrial Engineering and TourismUniversidade de AveiroAveiroPortugal

This article has the general objective of estimating the efficiency of urban solid waste management in 940 Brazilian munici-palities through Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)technique and has specific objectives:(i)to estimate efficiency scores;(ii)to compare the performance between different groups of municipalities;and(ii)to analyze the profile of efficient munici-palities from the perspective of the guidelines of Law 12,305/2010 and socio-economic and environmental *** technique used was DEA with output-oriented and variable scale to return *** results showed higher efficiency scores in the municipalities with populations above 500,000 *** score variation ranged from 0.5(municipalities with populations<10,000 inhabitants)to 0.9(municipalities with more than 500,000 inhabitants).Of the sample set,only 12.34%of the municipalities were considered efficient,and when analyzing the efficient group,it was found that adherence to legislation was not a major factor in achieving efficiency.

关键词： Urban solid waste management Data envelopment analysis Efficiency Brazil Municipalities

Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans:an overview of recent findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1908-1918页

作者： Marcello Serra Nicola Simola Alexia E.Pollack Giulia costa Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly Department of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants,in addition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic *** toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and *** present review provides an overview of recent research,conducted between 2018 and 2023,focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,methylphenidate,caffeine,and *** elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

关键词： 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine amphetamine caffeine cell cultures cocaine methamphetamine methylphenidate neurotoxicity nicotine

Could mammalian inorganic polyphosphate be a crucial signaling molecule in neurological disorders?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 701-702页

作者： Renata Torres Da costa Maria E.Solesio Rutgers University Department of BiologyCamdenNJUSA

Since the early stages of life on earth,cellular metabolism has evolved to adapt to fluctuations in nutrient and oxygen *** this context,mammals,which are probably the organisms that show one of the highest levels of metabolic complexity,have developed an elegant system that uses constant and rechargeable energy sources of modulate their *** homeostasis is especially important in the central nervous system,as neurons and other cells in the brain are highly susceptible to fluctuations in nutrients and oxygen availability.

关键词： metabolism homeostasis neurological